scholarly journals Influence of “Brovadez-plus” disinfectant in different concentrations on Eimeria oocysts in calves

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
N. V. Bogach ◽  
V. V. Skalchuk ◽  
I. A. Kushak
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Sporulation Process ◽  
Working Solution ◽  
Disinfectant Solution ◽  
High Level

The purpose of work was to determine the effect of different concentrations of “Brovadez-plus” disinfectant solution on the sporulation process of mixed culture of eimerias oocysts of calves. Disinvasive activity of the drug “Brovadez-plus” was determined at concentrations of 1.5, 2, 3 and 3.5% for exposures of 3, 5 and 8 hours by irrigation of oocysts. The drug “Brovadez-plus’ at 2% concentration for 3 hours exposure showed an eimeriostatic effect at the level of 29.9 ± 1.4%. At 5 hours exposure, sporogonia did not undergo 51.1 ± 0.5% oocysts, and at 8 hours exposure 64.4 ± 2.2% eimerias oocysts of calves. When using 3% concentration of “Brovadez-plus” solution for 3 hours, sporulation process did not take place in 57.8 ± 0.6% eimerias oocysts, 2.7 ± 0.9% oocysts completed sporulation and 19.6 ± 0.9 % — the sporulation was delayed. The best results were obtained with the use of a 3% solution at an exposure of 5 and 8 hours. The sporogony process did not occur in 96.6 ± 1.2% and 98.2 ± 0.8% of oocysts of eimerias. When using “Brovadez-plus” disinfectant at a concentration of 3.5% at exposure for 3 hours sporogonia did not pass in 78.5 ± 1.1% of eimerias oocysts, at exposure for 5 hours in 96.8 ± 2.1% of eimerias oocysts at exposure 8 hours in 99.1 ± 2.4% of eimerias oocysts of calves. Thus, experimental studies have shown that the drug “Brovadez-plus”, when used in 3% and 3.5% concentrations, has a high level of disinvasive properties relative to eimerias oocysts of calves. Experimental studies have established that the detrimental effect on eimerias oocysts is directly proportional to the duration of their contact and the concentration of the working solution of the studied drug. When using 3% and 3.5% concentrations of “Brovades-plus” disinfectant at an exposure of 5 and 8 hours in 99.1 ± 2.4% of eimerias oocysts of calves, the process of sporogony did not occur

Impurity leakage and radiative cooling in the first nitrogen and neon seeding study in the slot divertor at DIII-D

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Casali ◽  
David Eldon ◽  
Adam G McLean ◽  
Tom H Osborne ◽  
Anthony W Leonard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
Flow Reversal ◽  
Momentum Balance ◽  
Ionization Source ◽  
Power Flux ◽  
Impurity Transport ◽  
Plasma Drifts ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A comparative study of nitrogen versus neon has been carried out to analyze the impact of the two radiative species on power dissipation, SOL impurity distribution, divertor and pedestal characteristics. The experimental results show that N remains compressed in the divertor, thereby providing high radiative losses without affecting the pedestal profiles and displacing carbon as dominant radiator. Neon, instead, radiates more upstream than N thus reducing the power flux through the separatrix leading to a reduced ELM frequency and compression in the divertor. A significant amount of neon is measured in the plasma core leading to a steeper density gradient. The different behaviour between the two impurities is confirmed by SOLPS-ITER modelling which for the first time at DIII-D includes multiple impurity species and a treatment of full drifts, currents and neutral-neutral collisions. The impurity transport in the SOL is studied in terms of the parallel momentum balance showing that N is mostly retained in the divertor whereas Ne leaks out consistent with its higher ionization potential and longer mean free path. This is also in agreement with the enrichment factor calculations which indicate lower divertor enrichment for neon. The strong ionization source characterizing the SAS divertor causes a reversal of the main ions and impurity flows. The flow reversal together with plasma drifts and the effect of the thermal force contribute significantly in the shift of the impurity stagnation point affecting impurity leakage. This work provides a demonstration of the impurity leakage mechanism in a closed divertor structure and the consequent impact on pedestal. Since carbon is an intrinsic radiator at DIII-D, in this paper we have also demonstrated the different role of carbon in the N vs Ne seeded cases both in the experiments and in the numerical modeling. Carbon contributes more when neon seeding is injected compared to when nitrogen is used. Finally, the results highlight the importance of accompanying experimental studies with numerical modelling of plasma flows, drifts and ionization profile to determine the details of the SOL impurity transport as the latter may vary with changes in divertor regime and geometry. In the cases presented here, plasma drifts and flow reversal caused by high level of closure in the slot upper divertor at DIII-D play an important role in the underlined mechanism.

The York-Arup cable experiments: Implications for the fire design of cable-supported bridges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Nicoletta ◽  
John Gales ◽  
Panagiotis Kotsovinos
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Strain ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Fire Performance ◽  
Stay Cable ◽  
Stay Cables ◽  
Bridge Structures ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
High Level

<p>Recent trends towards performance-based fire designs for complex and critical structures have posed questions about the fire resilience of bridge infrastructure. There are little-to-no code requirements for bridge fire resistance and practitioner guidance on the subject is limited. Research on the fire performance of cable-supported bridge structures is scarce and knowledge gaps persist that inhibit more informed fire protection designs in a variety of bridge types. There have been few numerical or experimental studies that investigate the fire performance of steel stay-cables for use in cable-supported bridges. The thermal response of these members is critical as cable systems are highly dependent on the response of individual members, such as in the case of an anchor cable for example. The study herein examines the thermal response of several varieties of unloaded steel- stay cable during exposure to a non-standard methanol pool fire and the implications for the structural response of a cable-supported bridge. Experimental thermal strain data from fire tests of various stay-cables is used to inform high-level insights for the global response of a cable-supported bridge. Namely, the effects of cable thermal expansion on the overall cable system is approximated.</p>

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES FOR SANITARY PROCESSING OF FOOTWEAR AND CLOTHES OF LIVESTOCK WORKERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Paliy ◽  
Andriy Paliy ◽  
K. V. Ishchenko K. V. ◽  
S. A. Mikhalchenko
Keyword(s):  
Branch Pipe ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Control Panel ◽  
Start Button ◽  
Disinfectant Solution ◽  
Brush Control ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection

Effective control of the quality and safety of livestock products is possible only with the implementation of a scientifically grounded complex of veterinary and sanitary and general economic measures. The goal of our work was to develop effective ways to sanitize clothing and footwear of workers in the livestock industry. The studies were carried out following the current methodological approaches that are used in agriculture and veterinary medicine. Based on the results of the research carried out, two methods and one device have been developed to ensure a high level of veterinary and sanitary measures in animal husbandry. It has been proven that for the sanitization of clothing of workers in the animal husbandry industry, it is effective to use a disinfectant, which includes the sodium salt of dichloroisocyanuric acid (0.09–0.36%), adipic acid (0.01–0.04%), sodium bicarbonate (0.01–0.04%), sodium carbonate (0.003–0.01%), water (99.887–99.55%) when exposed for 30 minutes. For disinfection of workers' footwear, it is advisable to use disinfectants filled with a disinfectant that contains dichlorantin (0.021–0.21%), 5,5-dimethylhydantoin (0.0164–0.164%), a dispersant (0.012–0.12%), anionic surfactants (0.005–0.05%), corrosion inhibitor (0.01–0.1%), filler (0.0356–0.356%) and water (99.9–99.0%). An innovative device for cleaning and disinfection is proposed - a shoe disinfector, which consists of a waterproof box with a bottom wider than the top, filled with a disinfectant solution, a branch pipe for removing waste solution, a brush shaft, which is fixed in the upper part of the waterproof box, an electric motor with a rotational speed 2 rev/s., Which serves as a drive shaft brush, control panel with a start button and a stop button. The proposed developments complement the existing regulations on veterinary and sanitary measures at livestock farms and complexes.

scholarly journals The Structure of Amyloid Versus the Structure of Globular Proteins

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Fabian ◽  
Mateusz Banach ◽  
Katarzyna Stapor ◽  
Leszek Konieczny ◽  
Magdalena Ptak-Kaczor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Distribution ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Globular Proteins ◽  
Hydrophobic Core ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Spherical Micelle ◽  
Globular Structure ◽  
A Chain ◽  
High Level

The issue of changing the structure of globular proteins into an amyloid form is in the focus of researchers' attention. Numerous experimental studies are carried out, and mathematical models to define the essence of amyloid transformation are sought. The present work focuses on the issue of the hydrophobic core structure in amyloids. The form of ordering the hydrophobic core in globular proteins is described by a 3D Gaussian distribution analog to the distribution of hydrophobicity in a spherical micelle. Amyloid fibril is a ribbon-like micelle made up of numerous individual chains, each representing a flat structure. The distribution of hydrophobicity within a single chain included in the fibril describes the 2D Gaussian distribution. Such a description expresses the location of polar residues on a circle with a center with a high level of hydrophobicity. The presence of this type of order in the amyloid forms available in Preotin Data Bank (PDB) (both in proto- and superfibrils) is demonstrated in the present work. In this system, it can be assumed that the amyloid transformation is a chain transition from 3D Gauss ordering to 2D Gauss ordering. This means changing the globular structure to a ribbon-like structure. This observation can provide a simple mathematical model for simulating the amyloid transformation of proteins.

scholarly journals New chemical scheme for giant planet thermochemistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 634 ◽  
pp. A78 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Venot ◽  
T. Cavalié ◽  
R. Bounaceur ◽  
P. Tremblin ◽  
L. Brouillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Giant Planet ◽  
Brown Dwarfs ◽  
Planetary Atmospheres ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Planetary Formation ◽  
Hot Jupiters ◽  
Chemical Scheme ◽  
High Level ◽  
Kinetics Of

Context. Several chemical networks have been developed to study warm (exo)planetary atmospheres. The kinetics of the reactions related to the methanol chemistry included in these schemes have been questioned. Aims. The goal of this paper is to update the methanol chemistry for such chemical networks based on recent publications in the combustion literature. We also aim to study the consequences of this update on the atmospheric compositions of (exo)planetary atmospheres and brown dwarfs. Methods. We performed an extensive review of combustion experimental studies and revisited the sub-mechanism describing methanol combustion in a scheme published in 2012. The updated scheme involves 108 species linked by a total of 1906 reactions. We then applied our 1D kinetic model with this new scheme to the case studies HD 209458b, HD 189733b, GJ 436b, GJ 1214b, ULAS J1335+11, Uranus, and Neptune; we compared these results with those obtained with the former scheme. Results. The update of the scheme has a negligible impact on the atmospheres of hot Jupiters. However, the atmospheric composition of warm Neptunes and brown dwarfs is modified sufficiently to impact observational spectra in the wavelength range in which James Webb Space Telescope will operate. Concerning Uranus and Neptune, the update of the chemical scheme modifies the abundance of CO and thus impacts the deep oxygen abundance required to reproduce the observational data. For future 3D kinetics models, we also derived a reduced scheme containing 44 species and 582 reactions. Conclusions. Chemical schemes should be regularly updated to maintain a high level of reliability on the results of kinetic models and be able to improve our knowledge of planetary formation.

scholarly journals A new method to quantify macroalgae and a practical sampler for experimentation in lotic habitats

2012 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
AF. Tonetto ◽  
CK. Peres ◽  
CCZ. Branco
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Nondestructive Technique ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Lotic Habitats ◽  
Precise Quantification ◽  
Lotic Environments ◽  
High Level

Experimental studies in rivers and streams are extremely difficult to run due to the fact that the conditions of these environments are very complex and provide a high level of heterogeneity, which hinders the precise control and standardization of variables. In this study, we present a practical sampler that was designed to make it easier to conduct research projects involving benthic communities of lotic environments, as well as a new nondestructive technique for quantification of the macroalgal communities typically found in these habitats. The sampler consists of an acrylic square tube in which water flows normally inside. This structure carries a removable glass plaque with a known area and can simulate various ecological situations by changing both biotic and abiotic conditions. Thus, it can mitigate the differences between environmental characteristics where each sampler is exposed. The new technique involves capturing digital images that can monitor a unique macroalgal community in development throughout time and a more precise quantification when compared with other techniques that are widely applied. The sampler is easy to build and the images simple to quantify, allowing the detection of spatial and temporal variations in richness and abundance of investigated communities.

Modeling of the coupled dynamics of damping particles filled in the cells of a honeycomb sandwich plate and experimental validation

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1706-1719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazeer Ahmad ◽  
R. Ranganath ◽  
Ashitava Ghosal
Keyword(s):  
Coulomb Friction ◽  
Sandwich Plate ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Contact Theory ◽  
Sandwich Composite ◽  
Hertz Contact ◽  
Damping Characteristics ◽  
Honeycomb Sandwich ◽  
High Level ◽  
Dem Model

Equipment panels of a spacecraft are made up of a sandwich composite with aluminum face sheets and a honeycomb (HC) core. The HC sandwich plate responds to the launch vibration loads subjecting the equipment mounted on it to a high level of accelerations at resonances owing to a lower natural damping. Damping particles (DPs) when inserted in the empty cells of a HC core improve the damping characteristics and reduce the resonance responses. In this work, we present a mathematical model governing the motion of the cell walls, DPs and HC plate under dynamic loading. The discrete element method (DEM) has been used to model the dynamics of the DPs wherein the contacts are modeled using modified nonlinear dissipative Hertz contact theory in conjunction with Coulomb friction. The effect of DPs on the responses at resonances, damping, and frequency response function (FRF) of the HC plate is obtained. Numerical and experimental studies were conducted on a HC plate where a selected portion of the plate was filled with DPs. The HC plate was subjected to sine sweep base acceleration at the edges to study the effect of DPs on the dynamic characteristic of the plate. The damping ratios and resonance peaks of the lower four modes of the HC plate, excited up to 1000 Hz, obtained experimentally from the FRF measurements and numerically from the DEM model compare well. The damping ratios, response at resonances and the FRF profiles are also similar. Significant improvement in damping ratios and attenuation of vibration level has been observed.

Adsorption of actinides within speleothems

2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sengupta ◽  
J. Sanwal ◽  
N. L. Dudwadkar ◽  
S. C. Tripathi ◽  
P. M. Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Valence State ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Nuclear Wastes ◽  
Lesser Himalayas ◽  
Safety Assessments ◽  
High Level ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

AbstractStalagmites and stalactites, as observed within natural caves, may develop inside geological repositories during constructional and post-operational periods. It is therefore important to understand actinide sorption within such materials. Towards this, experimental studies were carried out with 233U, 238Np (VI), 238Np (IV), 239Pu and 241Am radiotracers using natural speleothem samples collected from the Dharamjali cave of the Kumaon Lesser Himalayas, India. Petrological/mineralogical studies showed that natural speleothems have three general domains: (1) columnar calcite; (2) microcrystalline calcite; and (3) botryoidal aragonite – each with ferruginous materials. Results showed that all domains of speleothems can take up >99% actinides, irrespective of valence state and pH (1–6 range) of the solution. However, distribution coefficients were found to be at a maximum in aragonite for most of the actinides. Such data are very important for long-term performance and safety assessments of the deep geological repositories planned for the disposal of high-level nuclear wastes.

scholarly journals GUNSHOT INJURY: THE ROLE AND PLACE IN THE STRUCTURE OF VIOLENT DEATH, FORENSIC DESCRIPTION OF LETHAL CASES IN THE CITY OF MINSK FOR THE PERIOD 2009-2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 750-761
Author(s):  
A. Husentsov ◽  
Ie. Kilzushov ◽  
A. Kozlovskyi ◽  
A. Lenkovets
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Gunshot Injury ◽  
Violent Death ◽  
Gunshot Injuries ◽  
The World ◽  
Forensic Ballistics ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City ◽  
Medical Characteristic

The article sets out the main historical milestones in the development of forensic ballistics, summarizes the literature on the incidence of lethal gunshot injuries in the world, and presents the results of our own study of deaths from gunshot injuries in Minsk from 2009 to 2018. Medical and social laws have been established on the basis of which the forensic medical characteristic of a fatal gunshot injury, compiled average statistical “portraits” of those killed as a result of this type of violent death have been drawn up. Analysis of the results of the study allows us to come to the following conclusions: – the results of statistical reports and scientific literature indicate a high level of occurrence of fatal injuries in the structure of violent death in the world, is one of the main areas studied by forensic science and practice in the study of gunshot injuries; – on the basis of a retrospective study, this forensic medical characteristic of a fatal gunshot injury in Minsk for the period from January 01, 2009 to December 31, 2018. It includes the type of death, gender, age, time of year, time of day, district of the city, place of causing gunshot injuries, presence ethyl alcohol, the place of death, the type of weapon, the type of ammunition, the type and location of the wound; – the average “portraits” of people who died in Minsk in 2009-2018 were compiled because of this type of violent death. In the “Expert Conclusion” and the decisions on the appointment of forensic medical examinations for the studied period, information about the possible ricocheting nature of the gunshot injuries was not found. This may be due to the lack of methods for establishing the fact and parameters of the ricochet of the gunshot and testifies to the need for further experimental studies in areas of forensic ballistics.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of the Ventilation System for a Surgical Operating Room in Egypt: A Case Study of Mataria Teaching Hospital in Cairo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Maxemos ◽  
abouelmagd abdelsamie ◽  
Hatem Sadek
Keyword(s):  
Laminar Flow ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Airborne Particles ◽  
Airflow Distribution ◽  
Proposed Modification ◽  
High Level

Abstract The Design of the ventilation system in a hospital operating room plays a very important role, not only in providing thermal comfort and hygienic environment for the patients or staff, but also to ensure the scavenging of any contaminants or airborne particles in the operating room theatre that might leak from outside to the operating room or emitting from patients’ infections. The present study focuses at airflow distribution, temperature, humidity and velocity profiles in a surgical operating room. An operating room inside the Mataria teaching hospital in Cairo (Egypt) has been chosen for the study. Numerical and experimental studies were carried out, where the room was ventilated through laminar flow diffuser system and 100% fresh air. The air was released by four outlet grills: two grills at a low level of the floor and two grills at a high level of the floor. In this work, two cases are investigated. In case I, the air outlets have been installed on one side of the room (which already exists in the hospital); and in Case II, the air outlets have been installed on two opposite sides (the suggested case). The results showed that the proposed modification (Case II) performed better distribution of ventilation than Case I. Therefore, it is recommended to install air outlets in two different side areas inside the room in order to avoid the accumulation of contaminants.

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