scholarly journals OUTLOOK OF USING THE ADSORPTION METHOD FOR EXTRACTION OF METALS FROM HYDROUS EFFLUENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
Anna Ivanchenko ◽  
Dmytro Yelatontsev ◽  
Olha Soroka ◽  
Elina Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Extraction Of Metals

Cellulose-containing waste from the agricultural industry modified by chemical methods is capable of adsorbing metal ions no worse than industrial sorbents (ion exchangers, activated carbons, zeolites, etc.). A wide range of methods for modifying plant raw materials makes it possible to obtain effective sorbents that are environmentally friendly and biologically inert. Proposed technologies of lignocellulosic sorbent manufacturing are highly economically feasible and, additionally, eco-friendly, because they ensure the proper utilization of agricultural wastes, which are very widespread in Ukraine.

scholarly journals Studying the process of extracting sugary substances from the stalks of sweet sorghum in the technology of making food syrups

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (11(112)) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Nataliia Husiatynska ◽  
Nataliia Hryhorenko ◽  
Olha Kalenyk ◽  
Mykola Husiatynskyi ◽  
Svitlana Teterina
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Juice Extraction ◽  
Wide Range

The need to intensify the process of extracting sugar substances from sweet sorghum stalks in order to improve the quality and yield of the target product has been substantiated. Existing techniques of sugar substance extraction used in sweet sorghum processing technologies have been analyzed. The application of a combined technique for extracting sugary substances has been proposed implying the production of pressed and diffusion juice. The results of optimizing the press technique of juice extraction from sorghum stalks are given. The equations of material balance of products and sugars have been built, depending on such factors as the degree of pressing, the initial content of solids and sugars in the stalks. A procedure for calculating the yield of pressed juice, cake, and the content of total sugars has been devised, according to which the preliminary pressing of the stalks ensures the extraction of juice in the range of 25‒35 %, the yield of the pressed cake is 75‒65 % on average, with a sugar content exceeding 60 %. It has been experimentally established that the use of the anti-current process of extraction of sugar substances from the pressed cake ensures their complete extraction from raw materials. The rational parameters for this process have been defined. At a temperature of 66–70 °C and a duration of 20 minutes, it is possible to obtain an extract whose content of solids is 13.0 %, total sugars ‒ 11.10 %, and whose purity is 85.38 %. The research was carried out in order to intensify the extraction of sugar substances from sweet sorghum plant raw materials, to improve the technical level of the extraction process, and implement the devised method under industrial conditions. Further implementation of these results in the food industry could make it possible to establish the production of a wide range of sugar-containing products, both organically and as a natural substitute for sugar in food products.

STUDY OF MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ALDER LEAVES OF PHARMACOPOEIAL SPECIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Nesterov G.V. ◽  
Litvinova T.M. ◽  
Vasalatiy L.A.
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Black Alder ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Promising Area

To expand the raw material base of medicinal plant raw materials, a promising area of research is the study of additional types of raw materials that can be harvested from already used medicinal and food plants. Given the complexity of harvesting alder seeds, researchers are interested in the leaves of this plant, a wide range of biologically active substances that cause anti-inflammatory, astringent and antioxidant effects. The first stage of standardization of raw materials is the definition of morphologically significant features, based on the generalization of which the section "External features" is developed. The analysis of morphological features of freshly harvested, dried and frozen leaves of gray alder (Alnus incana Moench) and black alder (A. glutinosa Gaerth) harvested from wild plants in mixed forests of the Moscow region revealed diagnostically significant features and found that the method of conservation does not affect the occurrence of the identified features. Since it is planned to use both types of alder for the preparation of a new type of raw material "Alder leaves", a generalized formulation is proposed for raw materials that are a mixture of species.

scholarly journals METHODS FOR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF TOTAL FLAVONOIDS IN QUERCUS ROBUR L. BUDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-366
Author(s):  
N. A. Ryabov ◽  
V. M. Ryzhov ◽  
V. A. Kurkin
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Wide Range

Currently, the actual task of modern pharmacy is to study the chemical composition and pharmacological properties of plant objects. Within the framework of this concept, it seems interesting to study Quercus robur L. buds. One of the promising groups of biologically active compounds of Quercus robur L. buds are flavonoids. This group of substances has a wide range of a pharmacological activity, which is significant in the creation of new medicines based on medicinal plant raw materials.The aim of the article was to work out methods for quantitative determination of total flavonoids in Quercus robur l. buds.Materials and methods. The research materials were aqueous-alcoholic extracts from Quercus robur L. buds with 70% ethyl alcohol which were analyzed by differential UV spectrophotometry on spectrophotometer “SF 2000” (Russia).Results. The methods for quantitative determination of total flavonoids in Quercus robur L. buds by differential UV spectrophotometry, has been developed using a standard sample of cynaroside at the analytical wavelength of 400 nm. The optimum parameters for the extraction of total flavonoids from Quercus robur L. buds have been determined. They are: the optimum extractant is 70% ethyl alcohol; the “raw material-extractant” ratio is 1:50; the extraction time is 120 min, the degree of atomization is 2 mm.The content of total flavonoids for Quercus robur L. buds has been determined; it varies from 0.27%±0.01 to 0.44%±0.02. These results make possible to recommend the content of total flavonoids for this type of raw materials not less than 0.25% as a lower limit.Conclusion. The data obtained in the course of the experiment, makes it possible to conclude that a further study of Quercus robur L. buds is promising, and it also contributes to the implementation of medicinal plant raw materials “Quercus robur L. buds” in the State Pharmacopoeia (Russia).

scholarly journals FLAVONOIDS FROM THE BUDS OF THE HORSE CHESTNUT (AESCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Kurkin ◽  
Pavel Viktorovich Belov
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Type ◽  
First Time

The buds of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L., Hippocastanaceae family) is a new promising species of medicinal plant raw material. The prospect of studying the buds of this plant is due to the content of flavonoids in them, which have a wide range of pharmacological effects. Flavonoids are interesting for their capillary-strengthening action, which allows them to be used in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. This fact is consistent with the practice of using drugs from other organs of horse chestnut (seeds, leaves) as venotonic and angioprotective drugs. In addition, flavonoids are also characterized by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antifungal activity. The actuality of the study of horse chestnut buds as a new type of medicinal plant material is also supported by the need to develop of the new effective and safe drugs based on the raw materials of this plant. The aim of this study was to determine the flavonoid composition of the buds of Aesulus hippocastanum. In the course of the work from the buds of horse chestnut by the method of column chromatography on silica gel L 100/160 was for the first time there were isolated and characterized using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, UV spectroscopy and mass spectrometry the flavonoid compounds rhamnocitrin (7-O-methylkaempferol), and accompanying 7,4′-dimethylkaempferol. The dominant and diagnostic significant flavonoid for the horse chestnut buds is rhamnocitrin. The results indicate the prospects for further study of the buds of the horse chestnut as a new type of medicinal plant raw materials.

scholarly journals The spectrophotometric determination of A-vitamin activity of carotenoid-containing raw material

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
V.V. Velichko ◽  
◽  
D.S. Kruglov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vitamin Activity

Carotenoids are of interest as precursors of vitamin A, which has a wide range of pharmacological effects — antioxidant, immunomodulatory, participating in photoreception, etc. The aim of the research was to develop a technique for the spectrophotometric determination of the A-vitamin activity of carotenoids-rich medicinal plant raw materials (MPRM). The objects of research were the traditional sources of carotenoids — sea buckthorn, carrot, pumpkin and wild rose. A method is proposed for determining the content of individual carotenoids in MPRM by optical density at wavelengths corresponding to the characteristic peaks of α-carotene, β-carotene and lycopene. It has been shown that it is preferable to use isopropyl alcohol as the most effective solvent. Taking into account the content of specific carotenoids makes it possible to determine the A-vitamin activity of the sum of carotenoids extracted from plant materials, and, accordingly, to increase the efficiency of the use of herbal preparations and biologically active additives for health improvement.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPOSITION AND TECHNOLOGY OF SEDATIVE FILMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Zamakhaeva E.A. ◽  
Oleshko O.A. ◽  
Yaborova O.V. ◽  
Smirnova M.M. ◽  
Kuritsyn A.V.
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Active Substances

Herbal sedatives have been popular for several centuries, and the accumulated knowledge that has been passed down from generation to generation laid the foundation for the development of traditional medicine, and over time for such a science as herbal medicine. Herbal sedatives have a wide range of therapeutic effects, are well tolerated and have no serious adverse reactions, and are not addictive. According to statistical data on the incidence of the population by main classes and individual diseases for 2010-2018, the number of patients with diseases of the nervous system is growing annually, along with this, the need for sedative drugs is increasing. In this regard, the search and development of effective and safe medicines based on medicinal plant raw materials is an urgent area [1, 2]. Pharmaceutical infusions and decoctions, according to the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 751n dated October 26, 2015, have a shelf life of 2 days, which significantly limits the possibility of their use. The production of films based on aqueous extracts from medicinal plant raw materials will make it possible to obtain more stable drugs, in addition, films have a number of advantages over other dosage forms. Films containing biologically active substances of plant origin have received the unofficial name phytofilms, which are a type of transdermal therapeutic systems. Phytofilms are hydrophilic systems that swell when in contact with water (or biological fluid), absorbing it in a certain amount, which leads to the dissolution of biologically active substances. They differ from synthetic polymeric therapeutic systems in that phytofilms are made in the form of matrix transdermal therapeutic systems on carriers of natural origin (gelatin, collagen, sodium alginate, agar-agar, etc.), which makes them safer [3, 4].

Nowe surowce roślinne w Farmakopei Europejskiej. Część 3. Ligusticum chuanxiong (Podagrycznik chiński) – zródło nowego surowca olejkowego

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halina Ekiert ◽  
Agnieszka Sondej ◽  
Karolina Jafernik ◽  
Agnieszka Szopa
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Ligusticum Chuanxiong ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bupleuri Radix

The European Pharmacopoeia, Supplement 9.4, one of the newest published pharmacopoeial documents, besides new saponin-bearing raw materials (Bupleuri radix and Platycodi radix) characterized in part 1 and 2 of the series of articles, lists also other new plant raw materials, long known in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) but earlier unknown in official European medicine. Part 3 of the series of articles presents botanical, ecological and chemical characterization of Ligusticum chuanxiong – Sechuan lovage. Rhizome of this species – Ligustici chuanxiong rhizoma is an essential oil-bearing raw material that has long been used in TCM to treat most of all different gynecological ailments and pain of different etiologies. Professional scientific studies documented a wide range of its possible therapeutic applications, e.g. improvement of the cardiovascular system function, and its antioxidant and anticancer properties. A review of pharmacological studies of this raw material was subject to most attention in the article. The aim of the article is to present basic knowledge on Sechuan lovage, which appears indispensable in professional contacts of pharmacists, medical doctors and phytotherapists with patients.

DEVELOPMENT OF MACRO-AND MICRODIAGNOSTIC FEATURES IN THE RAW MATERIALS OF PERSICA VULGARIS MILL LEAVES

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Savenkova A.B. ◽  
Nesterova N.V.
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Anatomical Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Normative Documentation ◽  
The Russian Federation

given the need to expand the range of medicinal plant raw materials presented in the pharmaceutical market of the Russian Federation, many authors are exploring new types of medicinal plants, including among crops traditionally considered food. In recent years, researchers have been interested in common peach leaves, which have a wide range of pharmacological effects. On the basis of peach extract, domestic scientists have proposed a number of biologically active additives, but due to the lack of modern regulatory documentation, raw peach leaves are not official today. The authors of the article conducted a comprehensive morphological and anatomical analysis aimed at developing the sections of normative documentation "External signs" and "Microscopy". The research was conducted in accordance with the requirements of the General Pharmacopoeia articles. Specific external features were identified, as well as microscopic features were identified.

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