COMPARISON OF BACTERIAL PATHOGENS ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF BOVINE MASTITIS AND THEIR ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE STATUS IN BANGLADESH

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. M. Faruk Siddiki
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Background: Mastitis is one of the most prevalent complex diseases of mammals with high economic impact in dairy industry worldwide. Most of the published inland reports on bovine mastitis are mainly based on sub-clinical mastitis and some extent to clinical types. Objectives: The main objectives of this study are (a) to compare the bacterial pathogens associated with sub-clinical, clinical and chronic mastitis, and (b) to detect the antibiotic sensitivity and resistance status of the isolated bacteria from different types of mastitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 539 quarter milk samples, collected from lactating cows of Rajshahi and Mymensingh districts were subjected to standard bacterial culture and biochemical tests during the period of 2010-2011. Antibiogram test was done on bacteria isolated from sub-clinical (n = 444), acute (n = 35) and chronic (n = 60) mastitis cases include Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Bacillus spp. and E. coli in 78.54%, 80% and 71.67% milk samples as a single and 21.46%, 20% and 28.33% as mixed infection, respectively. Results: The Staphylococcus spp. was recorded as major pathogen for all the sub-clinical (42.15%), acute (45.71%) and chronic (41.67%) mastitis cases. The right hind quarters were found significantly (p < 0.05) more affected with sub-clinical, acute and chronic types of mastitis than other three quarters in cows. The highest sensitivity (up to 100%) was recorded with gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, oxytetracycline and enrofloxacin against all the tested four organisms isolated from sub-clinical, clinical and chronic mastitis cases. Antibiotic resistance was highly prevalent, especially streptomycin (70-100%), amoxicillin (30-100%) and ampicillin (0-100%) against the four isolated bacteria of three different types of mastitis. Conclusions: It may be concluded that there is a need to establish a nationwide plan for monitoring the resistance of antibiotics and ensure the cautious use of antibiotics in the veterinary medical practices. Keywords: Bovine mastitis, Clinical mastitis, Subclinical mastitis, Chronic mastitis, Mastitic bacterial pathogens and Antibiogram

scholarly journals Study of antibiotic susceptibility of Coagulase- Negative staphylococci isolated from bovine mastitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Mahmmoud ◽  
G Shamoon
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Normal Flora ◽  
Veterinary Antibiotics ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Milk Samples

A total of 141 milk samples were tested belong to 27 cows infected with clinical mastitis and 114 cows were diagnosed with subclinical mastitis after detected their milk samples by California Mastitis and Whiteside tests, samples were collected from different areas of Mosul city. After the first isolation, the biochemical tests were carried out on all isolation. The samples showed 33 (23.40%) isolates of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (C-NS). S. chromogenes & S. epidermidis were predominant in clinical mastitis, while in the sub-clinical cases the S. haemolyticus was most frequently in isolation. The sensitivity test was carried out on isolated bacteria. The test results showed that there was absolute resistance to ampicillin and 90.9% for Penicillin-G, while the lowest resistance and highest sensitivity of Chloramphenicol was 27.27%, 57.57%, respectively, as well as, isolated give varying sensitivity and resistance to other antibiotics. The use of antibiotics at random and the non-completion of treatment the animal by the owner lead to produce a normal flora resistant to most common veterinary antibiotics used, which can become a pathogen when conditions are available, this shown by the results of the current study.

scholarly journals Mycoplasmal mastitis in dairy cows in the Moghan region of Ardabil State, Iran : short communication

2006 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ghazaei
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Mycoplasma Bovis ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
The World ◽  
Bulk Tank

Mycoplasmas are an important and economically significant cause of mastitis in dairy cows in various parts of the world. The organisms are highly contagious, with the main reservoir of infection originating from cows with subclinical mastitis. In 1998 the 1st cases of bovine mastitis due to Mycoplasma bovis were diagnosed in Ardabil State, Iran. An investigation was carried out with the aim of establishing the extent of mycoplasma infections in dairy cows in Ardabil State. Milk samples obtained from 80 cows with clinical mastitis were cultured in the laboratory for the presence of mycoplasmas. Similarly, 48 bulk-tank milk samples were examined for the presence of mycoplasmas. A modified Hayflick broth was used to isolate the mycoplasmas and an immunoperoxidase test used for the species identification of the isolates. Mycoplasma bovis was isolated from 39 (48.75 %) of the clinical mastitis samples and from 48 of the bulk-tank milk samples tested. This indicated that mycoplasma udder infections were more prevalent in dairy cows in Ardabil State than previously thought.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with the occurrence of multiresistant Staphylococcus spp. isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis in northern Brazil

2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 901-910
Author(s):  
Lilian Bernardina Ferreira ◽  
◽  
Larissa de Freitas Santiago Israel ◽  
Renata Fernandes Rabello ◽  
Guilherme Nunes de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Phenotypic Profile ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Staphylococcus bacteria are often associated with subclinical bovine mastitis. This study aimed to identify multiresistant Staphylococcus spp. associated with subclinical mastitis and the associated risk factors. Twenty-three dairy farms with a history of decrease in milk production, located in the lower Acre region, Brazil, were selected. An epidemiological questionnaire was provided in all farms. All animals were examined using the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and their milk samples were collected for bacterial culture. After isolation and identification, the disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed against nine classes of antimicrobials. Of the 339 cows examined using the CMT, 108 had mastitis. A total of 229 milk samples were collected from individual teats. MALDI-TOF MS found isolates belonging to eight species of Staphylococcus, in 101 of these samples. S. chromogenes (58.4%) demonstrated strongest resistance to the nine classes of antimicrobial active principles. Nineteen isolates with multidrug resistance phenotypic profile were identified. This phenotypic expression indicates wide circulation of resistant genes in this species. The presence of multidrug resistance in Staphylococcus spp. in this study was correlated with lack of water for cleaning the corral, which is a preventive factor, minimizing the transmission and persistence of pathogens in the farms.

scholarly journals Prevalence of microorganisms associated with udder infections in dairy goats on small-scale farms in Kenya : short communication

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.N. Ndegwa ◽  
C.M. Mulei ◽  
S.J.M. Munyua
Keyword(s):  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Caprine Milk ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Six hundred and thirty clinically-normal milk samples from dairy goat flocks comprising a mixed population of German Alpine, Toggenburg, Saanen and Galla crosses were exam-ined over a 3-month period to determine the prevalence of bacterial organisms. Bacteria were isolated in 28.7 % of the milk samples (181/630) either singly (92.8 %) or in combination (7.2 %). The most prevalent bacterial organisms were Staphylococcus spp. (60.3 %), followed by Micrococcus spp. (17.7 %), Acinetobacter spp. (5 %), Actinomyces spp. (5%) and Streptococcus spp. (1.1 %). The Staphylococcus spp. were mainly coagulase negative (64.3 %). Coagulase-- negative staphylococci and coagulase-positive staphylococci accounted for 37.5 % and 22.7 % respectively of the total bacteria isolated. The isolation of bacteria, some of which are important in clinical and subclinical mastitis, in apparently normal caprine milk, indicates that particular attention should be given to the management of these dairy goat flocks in order to avoid the development of cases of clinical mastitis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of bovine mastitis pathogens and antibioresistance of Escherichia coli isolates

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
A. ZDRAGAS (Α. ΖΔΡΑΓΚΑΣ) ◽  
P. TSAKOS (Π. ΤΣΑΚΟΣ) ◽  
K. ANATOLIOTIS (Κ. ΑΝΑΤΟΛΙΩΤΗΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
Mastitis Pathogens

Nine hundred and fifty two milk samples from clinical bovine mastitis cases, originated from 269 farms in Northern Greece, were tested. Escherichia coli was isolated in 49.3% of samples. Furthermore, Staphylococcus spp, Corynebacterium spp, Streptococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp, Proteus spp, Klebsiella spp or a combination of the above bacteria were isolated. The bacteriological result from 4.3% of samples was negative. No correlation between clinical mastitis cases and seasonal variation was observed. Resistance of E. coli isolates to tetracycline was 82-96%, to enrofloxacin 10-30%, to gentamicin 58-80%, to cephalosporins 47-75%, to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprime 46-81%, to ampicillin 71-92% and to neomycin 83-97%. The highest resistance rate and the appearance of multi-resistant isolates of E. coli (6%), to 8 antibacterials, were recorded during the last year of the survey.

N-acetyl -β-D-glucosaminidase activity in cow milk as an indicator of mastitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Hovinen ◽  
Heli Simojoki ◽  
Reeta Pösö ◽  
Jenni Suolaniemi ◽  
Piret Kalmus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
High Level ◽  
Accurate Indicator

Activity of lysosomal N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAGase) in milk has been used as an indicator of bovine mastitis. We studied NAGase activity of 808 milk samples from healthy quarters and quarters of cows with spontaneous subclinical and clinical mastitis. Associations between milk NAGase activity and milk somatic cell count (SCC), mastitis causing pathogen, quarter, parity, days in milk (DIM) and season were studied. In addition, the performance of NAGase activity in detecting clinical and subclinical mastitis and distinguishing infections caused by minor and major bacteria was investigated. Our results indicate that NAGase activity can be used to detect both subclinical and clinical mastitis with a high level of accuracy (0·85 and 0·99). Incomplete correlation between NAGase activity and SCC suggests that a substantial proportion of NAGase activity comes from damaged epithelial cells of the udder in addition to somatic cells. We therefore recommend determination of NAGase activity from quarter foremilk after at least six hours from the last milking using the method described. Samples should be frozen before analysis. NAGase activity should be interpreted according to DIM, at least during the first month of lactation. Based on the results of the present study, a reference value for normal milk NAGase activity of 0·1–1·04 pmoles 4-MU/min/μl for cows with ≥30 DIM (196 samples) could be proposed. We consider milk NAGase activity to be an accurate indicator of subclinical and clinical mastitis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Mastitis Pathogens and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Isolates From Cattle and Buffaloes in Northwest of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Ali ◽  
Kamran ◽  
Abdur Raziq ◽  
Inamullah Wazir ◽  
Rafi Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Mastitic Milk

Mastitis is the most prevalent disease of dairy animals, imparting huge economic losses to the dairy industry. There is always a dire need to monitor the prevalence of mastitis, its bacteriology, and evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibilities for mastitis control and prevention. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate: (i) the prevalence of mastitis in cattle and buffaloes; (ii) identification of bacteria associated with mastitis; (iii) antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates. Milk samples (n = 1,566) from cattle (n = 1,096) and buffaloes (n = 470) were processed for detection of mastitis using the California mastitis test in the year 2018–19. A total of 633 mastitic milk samples were further processed for bacteriology and antimicrobial susceptibility testing by the disc diffusion method. Overall, the prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis was 17 and 57% in both species. Clinical mastitis was higher in cattle (20%) compared to buffaloes (11%), whereas subclinical was higher in buffaloes (66%) than cattle (53%). Besides, month-wise prevalence was higher in hot and humid months in both species. Staphylococci spp. (34%) were the most predominant bacterial isolates from mastitic milk, followed by Escherichia coli (19.4%), Streptococci spp. (9%), and Klebsiella spp. (8%). Most of the bacteria were susceptible to gentamicin (92%) and enrofloxacin (88%), when a panel of 16 different antimicrobials was tested. Nevertheless, most of the isolates were resistant to sulphamethoxazole (99%), lincomycin (98%), oxytetracycline (89%), ampicillin (86%), and doxycycline (85%). This study concludes a high prevalence of mastitis caused by Staphylococcal spp. in cattle and buffaloes belonging to the northwest of Pakistan, and gentamicin and enrofloxacin might be appropriate antimicrobial agents in the treatment of bovine mastitis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of clinical and subclinical caprine mastitis of northern region in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ferdous ◽  
MS Rahman ◽  
MI Khan ◽  
MAHNA Khan ◽  
UK Rima
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Dairy Animals

Mastitis is a multifactorial and infectious disease of the udder of dairy animals. Infected animals suffer from pain and fever and causing damage in udder and changes in milk. The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of clinical and sub-clinical caprine mastitis associated with bacterial pathogens during the period from January to June, 2017. A total of 120 lactating goats were randomly selected from different villages of Dinajpur district and 240 milk samples from each udder half were aseptically collected. The udders were examined and screened for the evidence of clinical and subclinical mastitis by clinical examination of udders and examining milk samples. Subclinical mastitis was detected by California Mastitis Test (CMT). Milk samples of all clinical and subclinical mastitis goats were cultured in/on bacteriological media for isolation and characterization of responsible bacterial pathogens. The overall prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis in goats was found to be 11.67% and 38.75%, respectively. Bacteriological examination of mastitic milk samples of caprine revealed Staphylococcus spp. (32.5%) as the major pathogen followed by Escherichia coli (22.5%), Pseudomonas spp. (12.5%), Klebsiella spp. (12.5%) and Bacillus spp. (5%). Results of this study indicated that about 50% of caprine udder were infected with mastitis (38.75%), which may render lowering milk production and mortality of goats and kids. It needs to screen milk sample of lactating goats by CMT, identify mastitic goats with infected bacteria, evaluate antibiotic sensitivity and design control strategy accordingly.Progressive Agriculture 29 (2): 127-138, 2018

scholarly journals Molecular Detection and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Staphylococci Isolated from Clinical and Subclinical Bovine Mastitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. B. Javia ◽  
J. H. Purohit ◽  
B. S. Mathapati ◽  
D. B. Barad ◽  
H. H. Savsani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Milk Samples

The present study was carried out on bovine mastitis with an objective to screen bovine milk samples around Junagadh for status of subclinical mastitis (SCM) by somatic cell count (SCC), to reveal the prevalence of staphylococcal mastitis by conventional and molecular methods and to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance pattern of the isolated Staphylococci. Total 390 bovine milk samples (180 from clinical mastitis and 210 from apparently healthy animals) were collected. Among 210 milk samples from healthy bovine, 72 samples showed SCC value andgt; 5 lakhs/mL revealing 34.29% prevalence of SCM. A primary culture isolation of 252 milk samples (72 SCM and 180 clinical mastitis) showed 38.72% prevalence of Staphylococcal mastitis. The isolated Staphylococci were further characterized by biochemical tests which showed prevalence of coagulase negative Staphylococci and S. aureus 23.08% and 15.64%, respectively. The high resistance of Staphylococci was observed against ceftriaxone and amoxicillin-salbactum which displays antibiotic usage pattern in the region. Likewise bacterial isolates studied were highly sensitive to levofloxacin which suggest judicious use of this antibiotic in treatment of bovine mastitis. All the conventionally isolated Staphylococci and S. aurues were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction targeting 16S rRNA and nuc gene respectively in shorter period of time which signifies the superiority of molecular diagnostic tools.

scholarly journals Mastitogenic bacteria isolated from dairy cows in Kenya and their antimicrobial sensitivity

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
George K. Gitau ◽  
Royford M. Bundi ◽  
John Vanleeuwen ◽  
Charles M. Mulei
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Causative Agents

There is limited epidemiological knowledge on udder health in Kenyan dairy cattle that would aid in a pro-active approach towards mastitis prevention. The study objectives were: (1) to investigate the prevalence and distribution of clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle in Mukurwe-ini and Nakuru Districts, Kenya, and (2) to determine the antibacterial sensitivity of the organisms causing bovine mastitis in these districts. The study involved field-screening of milk samples from 241 dairy cows on 128 farms by use of the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and, if CMT-positive, followed by bacteriological culture of the major causative agents and their respective antibiotic sensitivity to eight commonly used antibiotics. All participating farms were visited twice during the study period. The results obtained during the first and second visits showed the prevalence of clinical mastitis to be very low: 0.9% and 0.5%, respectively; 56.0% and 65.0% of cows were CMT-positive on at least one quarter and 49.6% and 58.7% of cows were culture-positive, respectively. There was no significant difference in mastitis prevalence between Nakuru and Mukurwe-ini districts (p > 0.10). Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 68.0% and 77.0% of samples during the first and second visits, respectively. Other frequently isolated agents included Streptococcus agalactiae, and other Streptococcus spp., S. aureus and S. agalactiae were most sensitive to gentamycin and norfloxacin, and least sensitive to cotrimazole and ampicillin. Knowing the prevalence of mastitogenic organisms and their antibiotic sensitivities could improve treatment efficacy and cow longevity.

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