scholarly journals Educational role of public parks : Windows to past, to future and to exotic worlds

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-53
Author(s):  
Albert Fekete ◽  
Imola Gecséné Tar ◽  
Máté Sárospataki ◽  
Péter Győri
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Educational Benefits ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Educational Role ◽  
European Public

The design of public parks in Europe evolved at the end of 18th century. The first public parks were created primarily for leisure, entertainment and social representation. Reflecting architectural and artistic trends of specific time periods and eras, and design concepts of various ideologies, through their images, compositional aspects and symbols public parks also fulfill an important educational role in everyday life. Following the progress of the theoretical background of European public parks, the article introduces the research analysis of the educational role of the parks. The conclusions drawn from the historical review and from the analysis of public parks and gardens provide a good basis for the renovation methodology of historic parks and for the design of contemporary urban parks and open spaces, with an emphasis on their current and future educational role. Placing the survey and assessment of the public parks into an international context makes it possible to overview the most important educational benefits of public parks to the society.

scholarly journals New functions and roles for public parks in Europe : The future relation between public space and public health

2020 ◽  
pp. 2-27
Author(s):  
Martin van den Toorn
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Educational Benefits ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Educational Role ◽  
European Public

The design of public parks in Europe evolved at the end of 18th century. The first public parks were created primarily for leisure, entertainment and social representation. Reflecting architectural and artistic trends of specific time periods and eras, and design concepts of various ideologies, through their images, compositional aspects and symbols public parks also fulfill an important educational role in everyday life. Following the progress of the theoretical background of European public parks, the article introduces the research analysis of the educational role of the parks. The conclusions drawn from the historical review and from the analysis of public parks and gardens provide a good basis for the renovation methodology of historic parks and for the design of contemporary urban parks and open spaces, with an emphasis on their current and future educational role. Placing the survey and assessment of the public parks into an international context makes it possible to overview the most important educational benefits of public parks to the society.

scholarly journals The Evolution of the Role of Women in the Family and the Public Sphere (The Case of Domestic Women’s Periodicals of the Late 19th ‒ Early 20th Century )

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 139-150
Author(s):  
Avtaeva Natalia O. ◽  
◽  
Beynenson Vasilisa A. ◽  
Boldina Ksenia A. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Women's Magazines ◽  
Family Model ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Post War ◽  
Women's Periodicals ◽  
Historical Periods

The purpose of the article is to consider the process of transformation of the image of a woman and the dominant family model in the main historical periods in the national female periodicals from the end of the 18th century to the present days. The authors note that the image of a woman in the gender media is changing due to the changes in the global and local agenda, in particular, due to the changes in the position of a woman in the family, the structure of a family, and decreasing of the number of family members. These transformations can also be explained by the change in the state’s requests for the promotion of a certain image, for example, the image of a patriotic woman during the Second World War and a mother woman in the post-war period. Over the course of many historical periods, rubrics devoted to the arrangement of everyday life, the relationship of the sexes, health and beauty, and motherhood remain the traditional rubrics of women’s publications. During more than two hundred years of publications, the image of a woman in them has gone through stages from primordial patriarchal models through a surge of individualization and independence to a moderate combination of the role of the homemaker and the installation of autonomy from men. The article also outlines the main trends in the development of modern women’s online publications, which, on the one hand, have inherited the theme and structure of traditional women’s magazines, and on the other, have the features of blogs. If certain characteristic images of a woman in the press gain or lose relevance, the changes in the family model in women’s media can be considered irreversible: there is no return to the image of a patriarchal multi-generational family. The study was based on the methods of historical review, thematic analysis and content analysis of publications of women’s magazines of various historical periods. Keywords: women’s periodicals, the history of women’s periodicals, the image of a woman in the media, media images, gender identity, family model, women’s online media

Social Representations and Commitment

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Bonetto ◽  
Fabien Girandola ◽  
Grégory Lo Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
First Line ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Bibliographic Search ◽  
English Articles

Abstract. This contribution consists of a critical review of the literature about the articulation of two traditionally separated theoretical fields: social representations and commitment. Besides consulting various works and communications, a bibliographic search was carried out (between February and December, 2016) on various databases using the keywords “commitment” and “social representation,” in the singular and in the plural, in French and in English. Articles published in English or in French, that explicitly made reference to both terms, were included. The relations between commitment and social representations are approached according to two approaches or complementary lines. The first line follows the role of commitment in the representational dynamics: how can commitment transform the representations? This articulation gathers most of the work on the topic. The second line envisages the social representations as determinants of commitment procedures: how can these representations influence the effects of commitment procedures? This literature review will identify unexploited tracks, as well as research perspectives for both areas of research.

Dažu vācu muzikālo tradīciju pārnese latviešu kultūrtelpā 18. gadsimta II pusē

Letonica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Māra Grudule
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
German Society ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Musical Life ◽  
Popular Songs ◽  
Death Of Jesus ◽  
Musical Traditions ◽  
Insight Into

The article gives insight into a specific component of the work of Baltic enlightener Gotthard Friedrich Stender (1714–1796) that has heretofore been almost unexplored — the transfer of German musical traditions to the Latvian cultural space. Even though there are no sources that claim that Stender was a composer himself, and none of his books contain musical notation, the texts that had been translated by Stender and published in the collections “Jaunas ziņģes” (New popular songs, 1774) and “Ziņģu lustes” (The Joy of singing, 1785, 1789) were meant for singing and, possibly, also for solo-singing with the accompaniment of some musical instrument. This is suggested, first, by how the form of the translation corresponds to the original’s form; second, by the directions, oftentimes attached to the text, that indicate the melody; and third, by the genres of the German originals cantata and song. Stender translated several compositions into Latvian including the text of the religious cantata “Der Tod Jesu” (The Death of Jesus, 1755) by composer Karl Heinrich Graun (1754–1759); songs by various composers that were widely known in German society; as well as a collection of songs by the composer Johann Gottlieb Naumann (1741–1801) that, in its original form, was published together with notation and was intended for solo-singing (female vocals) with the accompaniment of a piano. This article reveals the context of German musical life in the second half of the 18th century and explains the role of music as an instrument of education in Baltic-German and Latvian societies.

scholarly journals Calculators as Facilitators of Understanding Computational and Mathematical Contexts

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-183
Author(s):  
Jan Guncaga ◽  
Lilla Korenova ◽  
Jozef Hvorecky
Keyword(s):  
Soft Skills ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Learning To Learn ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractLearning is a complex phenomenon. Contemporary theories of education underline active participation of learners in their learning processes. One of the key arguments supporting this approach is the learner’s simultaneous and unconscious development of their ability of “learning to learn”. This ability belongs to the soft skills highly valued by employers today.For Mathematics Education, it means that teachers have to go beyond making calculations and memorizing formulas. We have to teach the subject in its social context. When the students start understanding the relationship between real-life problems and the role of numbers and formulas for their solutions, their learning becomes a part of their tacit knowledge. Below we explain the theoretical background of our approach and provide examples of such activities.

scholarly journals Knowledge About Family and School Contribution in Academic Achievement: The Context of Schooling and Social Representations in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 002205742110259
Author(s):  
Chetan Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Representation Theory ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Social Representation Theory

The present paper critically examined the available research on role of family and school contribution in academic achievement and explored their social representations. People adaptation with the prevalent notions and thinking beyond the boundary of common sense is required to explain multidimensional picture of any attribute. Previous research applied social representation theory to understand educability, intelligence, academic achievement and failure, and teachership. This article showed a polysemic understanding of family and school contribution where roles and identity matters.

scholarly journals A nudge in the right direction: the role of food choice architecture in changing populations' diets

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
H. Ensaff
Keyword(s):  
Food Choice ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Choice Architecture ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Care Costs

Populations' diets typically fall short of recommendations. The implication of this on ill health and quality of life is well established, as are the subsequent health care costs. An area of growing interest within public health nutrition is food choice architecture; how a food choice is framed and its influence on subsequent food selection. In particular, there is an appeal to manipulating the choice architecture in order to nudge individuals' food choice. This review outlines the current understanding of food choice architecture, theoretical background to nudging and the evidence on the effectiveness of nudge strategies, as well as their design and implementation. Interventions emphasising the role of nudge strategies have investigated changes to the accessibility, availability and presentation of food and the use of prompts. Empirical studies have been conducted in laboratories, online and in real-world food settings, and with different populations. Evidence on the effectiveness of nudge strategies in shifting food choice is encouraging. Underpinning mechanisms, not yet fully explicated, are proposed to relate to salience, social norms and the principle of least effort. Emerging evidence points to areas for development including the effectiveness of choice architecture interventions with different and diverse populations, and the combined effect of multiple nudges. This, alongside further examination of theoretical mechanisms and guidance to engage and inspire across the breadth of food provision, is critical. In this way, the potential of choice architecture to effect meaningful change in populations' diets will be realised.

The Role of Machine Learning in Centralized Authorization Process of Nanomedicines in European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Santana ◽  
Enrique Onieva ◽  
Robin Zuluaga ◽  
Aliuska Duardo-Sánchez ◽  
Piedad Gañán
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
European Union ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
European Regulation ◽  
European Public ◽  
European Public Assessment Report

Background: Machine Learning (ML) has experienced an increasing use given the possibilities to expand the scientific knowledge of different disciplines, such as nanotechnology. This has allowed the creation of Cheminformatic models, capable of predicting biological activity and physicochemical characteristics of new components with high success rates in training and test partitions. Given the current gaps of scientific knowledge and the need of efficient application of medicines products law, this paper analyzes the position of regulators for marketing medicinal nanoproducts in European Union and the role of ML in the authorization process. Methods: In terms of methodology, a dogmatic study of the European regulation and the guidances of the European Medicine Agency on the use of predictive models for nanomaterials was carried out. The study has, as the framework of reference, the European Regulation 726/2004 and has focused on the analysis of how ML processes are contemplated in the regulations. Results: As result, we present a discussion of the information that must be provided for every case for simulation methods. The results show a favorable and flexible position for the development of the use of predictive models to complement the applicant's information. Conclusion: It is concluded that Machine Learning has the capacity to help to improve the application of nanotechnology medicine products regulation. Future regulations should promote this kind of information given the advanced state of art in terms of algorithms that are able to build accurate predictive models. This especially applies to methods such as Perturbation Theory Machine Learning (PTML), given that it is aligned with principles promoted by the standards of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Union regulations and European Authority Medicine. To our best knowledge this is the first study focused on nanotechnology medicine products and machine learning use to support technical European public assessment report (EPAR) for complementary information.

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