scholarly journals Zucchini squash production in conventional and organic cultivation systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Toscano ◽  
F. Branca ◽  
Antonio Ferrante ◽  
D. Romano
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Two Systems

Organic production must be carried out following the EU regulations and their protocols. On the contrary, conventional cultivation instead can be carried out using the best agronomic approaches available and using the latest innovative resources. Organic cultivation is more widespread in permanent crops (olive and grape crops) than vegetable ones, and even less in protected cultivation systems, due to the high intensity production processes which render the application of organic growing protocols more complex. The comparison between the two systems of cultivation, organic and conventional, is difficult because the two cultivation methods are often carried out in different farms and hence in different environmental conditions. Cultivation using the two methods was conducted in a greenhouse from November to March 2017/2018. Results demonstrated that the total fruit yield zucchini squash in organic cultivation was not significantly different to the conventional one (43.2 Mg ha-1 and 46.4 Mg ha-1, respectively). The agronomic inputs (fertilizers, fungicides, and insecticides) were higher in the organic cultivation system than conventional one. The water use efficiency was higher in the conventional cultivation system (150.6 kg m-3 ha-1) compared to the organic one (147.6 kg m-3 ha-1). No statistically significant differences were found for the fruit number per plant and for the marketable fruit at the end of the growing period. Significant differences for the harvest period were only detected for fresh weight, shape index, firmness, and titratable acidity. In conclusion, this work demonstrated that the organic system required higher inputs compared to the conventional cultivation. The extensive experience of the grower allowed for comparable yields between the two systems.

scholarly journals Arthropod fauna associated with organic and conventional maize crop

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Mariana Araújo Ortega ◽  
Tássia Tuane Moreira Dos Santos ◽  
Paulo Marçal Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Arthropod Fauna ◽  
Insect Populations ◽  
Conventional Systems ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

The corn crop has a marked sensitivity to biotic and abiotic stresses. As a control method, basically, transgenic plants have been used in association with chemical control. However, frequent applications of insecticides affect the conservation of biodiversity, and consequently, the natural regulation of insect populations. Thus, the objective of the work was to compare the diversity of arthropodofauna associated with the cultivation of corn in organic and conventional systems. The experiments were carried out at Fazenda Nossa Senhora Aparecida, in Hidrolândia/GO, in two areas: one in a consolidated organic system and the other in a conventional system. The organic area (1 ha) was sown with the Creole variety Palha Roxa and no type of cultural treatment was carried out. The conventional area (10 ha) was sown with a transgenic hybrid resistant to the herbicide glyphosate 30F53VYHR and two chemical fertilizers were applied, for planting and cover, two applications of herbicides and an application of insecticide. To survey the arthropodofauna, in each area, two collections were made with six pitfall soil traps. The first collection was carried out in the vegetative stage and the second in the reproductive stage, approximately at 35 and 80 days after planting, respectively. The traps were kept in the field for a week. In addition, a collection with entomological net was carried out in 10 plants chosen at random. The collected insects were stored in plastic pots containing 70% alcohol and taken to the laboratory for quantification and identification. The data referring to the total of insects collected were submitted to the T test at 5% probability. In the two collected with pitfall traps, the largest number of arthropods was collected in the area of ​​organic cultivation, with greater diversity of orders and families in this area. In the collection performed with entomological network, there was no difference between the places of cultivation. Organic crops provide better conditions for establishment and development for insects, especially those that spend some life in the soil. Therefore, the diversity of arthropods is greater in this cultivation system.

scholarly journals Biological activity and functional diversity in soil in different cultivation systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 4189-4204
Author(s):  
S. Jezierska-Tys ◽  
S. Wesołowska ◽  
A. Gałązka ◽  
J. Joniec ◽  
J. Bednarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Soil Ecosystems ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Conventional Systems ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The aim of the work was to evaluate the impact of use of conventional and organic cultivation systems on selected parameters of microbial activity in the soil under wheat, barley and oat cultivation. Microbiological, biochemical, enzymatic and metabolic activities were analyzed during three seasons over 3 years in soil. The more beneficial effect of organic cultivation was reflected in the increase in bacterial growth, the intensification of the nitrification and higher activity of all analyzed enzymes. The conventional system was more favorable for the development of fungi. The assessment of the metabolic profile of soil microorganisms demonstrated clear differences between the activity of microorganisms in the organic and conventional systems. The results indicate that cultivation of soil in the organic system is more conducive to the environment. The authors conducted research, because there is no unambiguous answer to the question which growing system is more beneficial for soil biological life, i.e., the basis for food production. Microorganisms that are the object of these studies form the basis for the fertility of all soil ecosystems. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Organic cultivation of yellow passion fruit using tall seedlings with long root systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilciléia Mendes Silva ◽  
Sebastião Elviro Araújo Neto ◽  
Luís Gustavo De Souza Souza ◽  
Thays Lemos Uchôa ◽  
Regina Lúcia Félix Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

Studies related to adaptation to the environment and different conditions of water availability contribute to decision-making regarding the management of any crop to be implanted. Accordingly, this work aimed to evaluate the yield and quality of organic yellow passion fruit cultivated in a long root system in dryland conditions. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five treatments and four replications with four plants each. The treatments consisted of the alteration of the length of the root system, namely: T1 = 25 cm; T2 = 50 cm; T3 = 75 cm; T4 = 100 cm; and T5 = 125 cm. At 120 days after emergence (DAE), the seedlings were transplanted to the field and the following variables were evaluated: plant height (cm) and base diameter (mm) at 120 DAE; total titratable acidity (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS), Ratio (TSS/TTA); and fruit yield. The cultivation of tall seedlings with a long root system provides the maintenance of production during the dry season. The TTA, TSS, and the ratio do not change when modifying the length of the root system, although they do change with the harvest season. The cultivation of passion fruit in an organic system using plants with a long root system with an estimated length of 114 cm provides a higher fruit yield (7,472 kg ha-1) in 22 months of cultivation.

The phenology, yield and tuber composition of ‘early’ crop potatoes: A comparison between organic and conventional cultivation systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Lombardo ◽  
Antonino Lo Monaco ◽  
Gaetano Pandino ◽  
Bruno Parisi ◽  
Giovanni Mauromicale
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Early Crop ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
The Difference

AbstractPotato production in several Mediterranean countries is focused on the ‘early’ crop type, and is generally associated with intensive applications of farming inputs. Here we report, for the first time, a comparison of crop performance between organic and conventional cultivation systems. Three cultivars were tested over two seasons (2007 and 2008) to record their phenology, yield and tuber chemical composition. The organic cultivation system was less productive than the conventional one across both years with respect to total yield, but in the season (2008) when late blight infection was not severe the difference was narrowed from 7% (Ditta) to 20% (MN 2-1577 S1). The Italian breeding clones (MN 1404 O5 and MN 2-1577 S1) deserve specific consideration due to their higher total yield and nutritional value (in terms of total protein and vitamin C content) under organic cultivation system than the cultivar Ditta. In addition, the organic farming produced tubers with a lower nitrate content, an important benefit in the context of human health. In conclusion, our results indicate that organic cultivation of ‘early’ potatoes can deliver acceptable agronomic and qualitative performances. However, the response of the ‘early’ crop potato to organic farming depends upon both seasonal conditions and cultivar choice. In particular, the selection of appropriate cultivars is one of the key aspects to optimize this environmentally friendly production system.

scholarly journals Environmental Impacts of Conventional versus Organic Eggplant Cultivation Systems: Influence of Electricity Mix, Yield, Over-Fertilization, and Transportation

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Spyros Foteinis ◽  
Maria Hatzisymeon ◽  
Alistair G. L. Borthwick ◽  
Efthalia Chatzisymeon
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Environmental Footprint ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Organic Cultivation

We report a comparative environmental study of organic and conventional open-field eggplant cultivation systems under Mediterranean (northern Greece) climatic conditions. Actual life cycle inventory (LCI) data were collected from local farm systems. Using life cycle assessment (LCA), organic eggplant cultivation exhibited better environmental performance per unit area (24.15% lower total environmental footprint compared to conventional cultivation), but conventional cultivation performed better per unit of mass (28.10% lower total environmental footprint compared to organic cultivation). The conventional system attained higher scores in eutrophication (up to 37.12%) and ecotoxicity (up to 83.00%) midpoint impact categories, due to the use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide. This highlights the need for spatially explicit LCA that accounts for local environmental impacts at the local scale. For both cultivation systems, the main environmental hotspot was groundwater abstraction for irrigation owing to its infrastructure (drip irrigation pipes and pump) and electricity consumption from the fossil fuel-dependent energy mix in Greece. Excessive addition of soil fertilizer greatly affected the environmental sustainability of both systems, especially conventional cultivation, indicating an urgent need for fertilizer guidelines that enhance environmentally sustainable agricultural practice worldwide. Results were sensitive to lower marketable fruit yield, with the organic system performing better in terms of environmental relevance with respect to maximum yield. When renewable energy sources (RES) were used to drive irrigation, both systems exhibited reductions in total environmental footprint, suggesting that RES could help decarbonise the agricultural sector. Finally, eggplant transportation greatly affected the environmental sustainability of both cultivation systems, confirming that local production and consumption are important perquisites for environmental sustainability of agricultural products.

scholarly journals Analysis of the economic viability of organic production system of ornamental pineapple plants for cut stems

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
Gabriella Navarro Donato Pereira ◽  
Everton Hilo de Souza ◽  
José da Silva Souza ◽  
Carlos Estevão Leite Cardoso ◽  
Adenildo Bernardo dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Consumer Markets ◽  
Entre Rios ◽  
Input Prices ◽  
Technical Coefficients

Abstract The growth of Brazilian floriculture is remarkable, both in terms of the number of producers and the cultivated area. To reduce costs and add value, the organic production of ornamental pineapple plants is an option for some consumer markets. This study was carried at the Fundação José Carvalho, municipality of Entre Rios (Bahia State), Brazil, to evaluate the economic viability of the organic production of ornamental pineapple plants, as well as to analyze the economic factors from implantation of the crop to the final production phase. Primary and secondary data collection (technical coefficients and prices) was carried out, which allowed updating the value of these coefficients. After determining the technical coefficients, input prices and product prices were surveyed and were inserted in spreadsheets of production cost and profitability. Data processing and profitability analysis were carried out under deterministic and risk conditions. The organic cultivation system for ornamental pineapples proved to be economically viable, providing greater profitability and production of stems, which is the product of interest.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF CULTIVATION SYSTEMS AND CULTIVARS ON GROWTH AND YIELD PERFORMANCE OF JAPANESE EGGPLANT IN THAILAND

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Karistsapol Nooprom ◽  
◽  
Niranee Bueraheng ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Organically Managed ◽  
Black Beauty

In the current study impacts of different cultivation systems and Japanese eggplant cultivars on their growth and yield were determined. Four Japanese eggplant cultivars viz., ‘Fullness’, ‘Black Beauty’, ‘Wasedaimaru’ and ‘Israel’ were grown under two systems of organic and conventional cultivations from 2 April to 16 July 2018 at the Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Songkhla Rajabhat University, Muang, Songkhla. The experimental arrangement used in this study was split-plots design (SPD) within a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Results of the study indicated that ‘Wasedaimaru’ and ‘Fullness’ were suitable for growing under the organically managed production. ‘Wasedaimaru’ grown under an organic cultivation system had a lower yield per plant at 4,444.00g than grown under conventional chemical cultivation at 6,848.40g. The organic yield was not significantly different (p≤0.05) from ‘Fullness’ grown under organic cultivation at 3,947.40g. ‘Wasedaimaru’ and ‘Fullness’ were identified as suitable cultivars for production under organic cultivation in Thailand with high yield.

scholarly journals Postharvest quality, antioxidant activity and acceptability of strawberries grown in conventional and organic systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Ricardo Domingues ◽  
Thais Cristina Morais Vidal ◽  
Fernando Teruhiko Hata ◽  
Maurício Ursi Ventura ◽  
Leandro Simões Azeredo Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
San Andreas

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of organic and conventional cultivation systems and the cultivars on the postharvest quality, antioxidant activity and acceptability of strawberries. Strawberries of the cultivars Albion, Monterey and San Andreas were analysed with respect to the soluble solids content (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, fruit colour, vitamin C content, antioxidant activity by the DDPH method, mineral composition and acceptability. The cultivation systems and cultivars had different influences on the SS, TA, pH, SS/TA and colour of the strawberries. The vitamin C content of cv. Monterey was higher (78.68 mg ascorbic acid 100 g-1) than that of cv. San Andreas (70.28 mg ascorbic acid 100 g-1) in the conventional system, while in the organic system, the cultivars did not differ. Differences were not observed amongst the cultivars and cultivation conditions for antioxidant activity and the cultivation systems and cultivars had no effect on the P, Cu and Mg mineral contents. The conventionally cultivated strawberries of cv. Monterey obtained the highest value for acceptance (7.51) while the organically cultivated strawberries of cv. San Andreas received the lowest value (6.58).

scholarly journals Chemical composition of organically and conventionally grown fruits of raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cv. Willamette

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (51) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Mira Milinković ◽  
Dragana Vranić ◽  
Milena Đurić ◽  
Svetlana Paunović
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Total N ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Continuous Chemical

The paper presents two-year results of chemical tests of raspberry fruits in organic and conventional cultivation systems. Raspberry plantations were established on the slopes of Jelica Mountain, on soil having very acidic reaction (pH/KCl 3.67-3.76) and optimal contents of humus and total N. In the conventional cultivation system, the soil had a high supply of readily available P2O5 and K2O and microelements, with excessive levels of Ni, and Cr. In the organic system, the content of Ni and Zn increased. The biochemical properties of organic and conventional fruits showed no significant differences, while the influence of the research year and the interaction of the cultivation system showed significant differences in the content of TA and IS. However, higher values of the levels of soluble solids, total acids and sugars contributed to the more appealing taste and aroma of organic raspberry fruits. The contents of microelements and heavy metals in the fruits of both cultivation systems were measured in the following order Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu>Ni>Cr>Co. No significant difference was found in the contents of the examined elements between organic and conventional fruits, except for the statistically higher content of Fe in organic raspberries. The high share of individual elements (especially Ni) in both cultivation systems indicates the need for continuous chemical testing of soil and fruits. Based on the results, it is important to consider the daily intake of each element in relation to body weight and/or maximum daily intake.

The Effects of Organic and Conventional Cultivation Systems on the Content of Bioactive Substances in Herbal Plants

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Kazimierczak ◽  
Ewelina Hallmann ◽  
Małgorzata Kazimierczyk ◽  
Oliwia Sokołowska ◽  
Ewa Rembiałkowska
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Analytical Research

The Effects of Organic and Conventional Cultivation Systems on the Content of Bioactive Substances in Herbal Plants Five species of herbs from organic and conventional cultivation (dropsy plant, lovage, mint, thyme and sage) were used for this experiment. The research material consisted of usable parts of fresh herbs, which were harvested in the first ten days of September 2009 and 2010. In order to avoid losses in the content of biologically active compounds in the plant material, the herbs were frozen at -80°C immediately after harvesting, and then subjected to freezedrying; finally, analytical research was conducted. The results of two-year studies indicated that herbal plants from organic production contained a higher level of dry matter, vitamin C and flavonoids, while the conventional ones contained more phenolic acids. Regardless of the cultivation system, dropsy plant and mint were distinguished by the content of phenolic acids, the highest level of flavonoids was found in thyme, while lovage was the raw material containing the most vitamin C. The qualitative analysis of phenolic compounds contained in herbs showed that the most diverse composition of phenolic acids was attributed to sage and thyme, which also contained the largest number of identified flavonoids.

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