scholarly journals Controlled Growth of Strontium Sulfate Particles in Aqueous Solution: Inhibition Effects of a Bubble Column Evaporator

Substantia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 95-107
Author(s):  
Atikah Wan Nafi ◽  
Mojtaba Taseidifar ◽  
Richard M. Pashley ◽  
Barry W. Ninham
Keyword(s):  
Bubble Column ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Strontium Nitrate ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Bubble Interactions ◽  
Mechanical Stirring ◽  
Strontium Sulfate ◽  
Scale Deposits ◽  
Supersaturated Solutions

In the oil industry, strontium sulfate (SrSO4) scale deposits have long plagued oilfield and gas production operations. This remains an unsolved problem. We here show how the bubble column evaporator (BCE) can be used to control aqueous precipitation from salt solutions. Mixtures of strontium nitrate and sodium sulfate in the BCE system were used to precipitate strontium sulfate at different degrees of supersaturation. The effectiveness of the BCE system was compared to standard mechanical stirring. The precipitation of strontium sulfate in both processes was monitored through turbidimeter, particle counting, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results show that the BCE system has a significant inhibition effect and so can be used to control precipitation growth rate, even from supersaturated solutions. This remarkable effect also provides new insights into mechanisms of crystallisation, of bubble interactions and mineral flotation.

Study on a Quinoline Inhibitor Used for Sulfur Corrosion on Carbon Steel: Properties Research and Field Test

2011 ◽  
Vol 337 ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Ye Han ◽  
Zhen Duo Cui ◽  
Zhao Zeng Liu ◽  
Zhao Long Chen ◽  
Lin Ba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Protective Film ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Steel Properties

Inhibitors are frequently used for controlling sulfur corrosion in oil and gas production due to its low cost, easy operation and significant effects. In this study, a corrosion inhibitor TD-02 was prepared, and the properties of TD-02 were investigated by weight loss, SEM and electrochemistry measurements in saturated hydrogen sulfide solution. The results show that significant inhibition effect was achieved by adding TD-02 as inhibitor. A protective film is formed by adsorption of inhibitor molecules on the matrix and inhibition achieved by geometry covering. The field test results indicated that the wear of the compressor shaft was significantly inhibited, which achieves the desired results.

Scale Removal with Ultrasonic Waves

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartwig Kunanz ◽  
Sylvia Wölfel
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Scale Removal ◽  
Strontium Sulfate

Abstract Today, ultrasound is a widely used technology for a number of industrial applications, from processing liquids and slurries, cleaning of optical lenses and jewellery, purification of water, enhancement of mechanical and physical properties of metals, welding, dispersing, humidifiers, to material testing. In the oil and gas industry the ultrasonic technology is typically used for measurement applications. This paper describes first test and research results using ultrasonic waves to remove scaling in the borehole. So far most standard scaling treatments involve the use of chemicals. With ultrasonic treatment, it may be possible to reduce or even substitute the chemical applications. This transgression from a chemical to a physical cleaning process would most likely save costs and reduce the environmental impact. Scaling from calcium carbonate, gypsum/anhydrite or barium/strontium sulfate is considered a major issue with oil and gas production, causing the industry enormous efforts on prevention and removal. To assess the usability of ultrasound for scaling removal, a series of laboratory experiments were conducted, starting with gypsum due to its easy handling and continuing with the more critical calcium carbonate scaling. The cleaning effects could be proven and the main factors influencing the ultrasonic cleaning efficiency could be identified in the laboratory. This paper will present and discuss the findings so far and will give an outlook on future research issues with ultrasonic scale removal.

A Study of Precipitation from Supersaturated Solutions of Strontium Sulfate

1935 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Newton Campbell ◽  
Edward John Robert Cook
Keyword(s):  
Strontium Sulfate ◽  
Supersaturated Solutions

Effects of Ferric Salts on Sludge Anaerobic Digestion and Desulphurization

2018 ◽  
Vol 913 ◽  
pp. 887-892
Author(s):  
Run Zhuan ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Guang Ming Zhang ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Sulfur Removal ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Potassium Ferrate ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Remarkable Effect

The treatment and disposal of excess sludge is a great challenge. Anaerobic digestion can achieve sludge reduction and harmless. However, its application is largely limited due to the low biogas production, low organic matters removal rate, odor gas production, corrosive gas destroying equipment. Sulfur is a key element resulting in these problems. In this research, potassium ferrate and ferric chloride were added to enhance anaerobic digestion. The research investigated the effects on biogas production, H2S content, microbial diversity with the addition of potassium ferrate and ferric chloride. We found that with 2.5 mg/g TS potassium ferrate, the enhancement was the highest, the total biogas production improved 18% compared with control group and organic removal rate reached 30.66%. Considering the effect of sulfur removal, 5 mg/g TS potassium ferrate resulted in the best effect, the content of H2S gas decreased 139.4%. With 2.5 mg/g TS ferric chloride, total biogas production improved 8% comparing with the control group, the content of H2S gas decreased 46%, no remarkable effect was found on the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in slurry.

scholarly journals Flow Simulation in a 2D Bubble Column with the Euler-lagrange and Euler-euler Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Weber ◽  
Hans-Jörg Bart
Keyword(s):  
Bubble Dynamics ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Euler Method ◽  
Bubble Interactions ◽  
Bubble Column Reactors ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Bubble Number ◽  
Critical Bubble

Object: Bubbly flows, as present in bubble column reactors, can be simulated using a variety of simulation techniques. It is presented, how Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods are used to simulate a pseudo 2D bubble column using Euler-Lagrange (EL) and Euler-Euler (EE) techniques. Method: The presented EL method uses the open access software OpenFOAM to solve bubble dynamics with bubble interactions computed via Monte Carlo methods. The estimated bubble size distribution and the predicted hold-up are compared with experimental data and other simulative EE work with a reasonable consensus for both. Benchmarks with state of the art EE simulations shows that the EL approach shows good performance if the bubble number stays at a certain level, as the EL approach scales linearly with the number of bubbles simulated. Therefore, different computational meshes have been used to account for influence of the resolution quality. Conclusion: The EL approach indicated faster solution for all realistic cases, only deliberate decrease of coalescence rates could push CPU time to the limits. Critical bubble number - when EE becomes superior to the EL approach - was estimated to be 40.000 in this particular case.

scholarly journals In vitro antifungal activity of four chemotypes of Lippia alba (Verbenaceae) essential oils against Alternaria solani (Pleosporeaceae) isolates

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 999-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELISA Z. TOMAZONI ◽  
MÁRCIA R. PANSERA ◽  
GABRIEL F. PAULETTI ◽  
SIDNEI MOURA ◽  
RUTE T.S. RIBEIRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Fungicidal Action ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Lippia Alba

Several volatile natural compounds produced by plant secondary metabolism have been proven to present antimicrobial action, enabling their use in phytopathogen control. They also present low environmental impact when compared to conventional pesticides. Essential oils contain these compounds and can be found in several plant species, such as Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown (Verbenaceae). Essential oils of four chemotypes of L. alba, characterized by their major compounds, namely camphor, citral, linalool and camphor/1,8-cineole, were tested against the phytopathogen Alternaria solani Sorauer (Pleosporaceae), which causes early blight on tomatoes and is responsible for great economic losses regarding production. Essential oils antifungal action was tested in vitro using potato dextrose agar medium with essential oil concentrations at 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 µL mL-1. The chemotype that had the best performance was citral, showing significant inhibition compared to the others, starting at the 0.5 µL mL-1 concentration. The essential oil belonging to the linalool chemotype was efficient starting at the 1.5 µL mL-1 concentration. Conversely, the camphor chemotype did not show any action against the phytopathogen. Moreover, the essential oils had no remarkable effect on tomato germination and growth. In conclusion, these essential oils presented fungicidal action against A. solani.

Chemically Contaminated Eel Fed to Pregnant and Lactating Mouse Dams Causes Hyperactivity in Their Offspring

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 36-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imen Dridi ◽  
Nidhal Soualeh ◽  
Torsten Bohn ◽  
Rachid Soulimani ◽  
Jaouad Bouayed
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Home Cage ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Cage Test

Abstract.This study examined whether perinatal exposure to polluted eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) induces changes in the locomotor activity of offspring mice across lifespan (post-natal days (PNDs) 47 – 329), using the open field and the home cage activity tests. Dams were exposed during gestation and lactation, through diets enriched in eels naturally contaminated with pollutants including PCBs. Analysis of the eel muscle focused on the six non-dioxin-like (NDL) indicator PCBs (Σ6 NDL-PCBs: 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180). Four groups of dams (n = 10 per group) received either a standard diet without eels or eels (0.8 mg/kg/day) containing 85, 216, or 400 ng/kg/day of ϵ6 NDL-PCBs. The open field test showed that early-life exposure to polluted eels increased locomotion in female offspring of exposed dams but not in males, compared to controls. This hyperlocomotion appeared later in life, at PNDs 195 and 329 (up to 32 % increase, p < 0.05). In addition, overactivity was observed in the home cage test at PND 305: exposed offspring females showed a faster overall locomotion speed (3.6 – 4.2 cm/s) than controls (2.9 cm/s, p <0.05); again, males remained unaffected. Covered distances in the home cage test were only elevated significantly in offspring females exposed to highest PCB concentrations (3411 ± 590 cm vs. 1377 ± 114 cm, p < 0.001). These results suggest that early-life exposure to polluted eels containing dietary contaminants including PCBs caused late, persistent and gender-dependent neurobehavioral hyperactive effects in offspring mice. Furthermore, female hyperactivity was associated with a significant inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex.

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