scholarly journals Rumbo a un redireccionamiento de las políticas de drogas en América: la posibilidad de construcción de alternativas desde una perspectiva subregional Sur Americana / Towards a new direction on drug policy in the Americas

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-502
Author(s):  
Laura Lucia Nieto ◽  
Cristiano Morini
Keyword(s):  
Organized Crime ◽  
War On Drugs ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
American States ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
America Latina ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
The Ideal

En este artículo se presenta el estado actual de las cuestiones relacionadas con la producción, comercialización y consumo de cocaína en el panorama americano. Según las cifras publicada por organizaciones internacionales gubernamentales y no gubernamentales,  la producción total de cocaína no ha disminuido significativamente en los últimos 4 décadas, las tasas de homicidio y de violencia vinculados al crimen organizado aumentaron en los países con mayor flujo de cocaína y, en la última década, ha incrementado el porcentaje de consumidores en América Latina. Existe un interés creciente de los Estados Americanos en la evaluación de las estrategias de la lucha contra las drogas y en discutir nuevas estrategias que se aparten o sean alternativa al discurso de criminalización que ha caracterizado hasta ahora la guerra contra las drogas y que no ha lograr un cambio significativo. Basándose en un estudio exploratorio del informe presentado por la OEA en mayo de 2013, y en un análisis de los posicionamientos de los gobernantes del continente acerca de las drogas, se sugiere que las organizaciones gubernamentales regionales, como UNASUR son el lugar ideal para proponer, debatir e implementar nuevas estrategias que corresponden a los problemas sociales del contexto regional.Abstract: This article describes the current status of issues related to production, marketing and consumption of cocaine in the Americas. According to figures published by international governmental and non-governmental organizations, the total cocaine production has not decreased significantly over the last four decades, rates of homicide and violence linked to organized crime have increased in countries with greater flow of cocaine, and in the last decade the percentage of consumers in Latin America has increased. There is a growing interest of American States in assessing strategies to combat drugs and to discuss new strategies that depart or become an alternative to the discourse of criminalization that has characterized the war on drugs and without achieving a significant change. Based on an exploratory study of the report of the OAS in May 2013, and on the analysis of the positions of the rulers of the continent about drugs, this paper suggests that regional governmental organizations such as UNASUR are the ideal locus to propose, debate and implement new strategies to respond the production, commercialization and use of drugs, linked to social, politic and economic problems of the regional context.

The current status of corruption in Egypt

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Alaa Fayed
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

Given that corruption was one of the primary reasons that pushed the Egyptian masses to rally in 2011, it is important to look at its current status to see whether the levels of corruption have increased, decreased or remained the same since. This paper overviews the current status of corruption in Egypt according to different national and international perception indices. In an attempt to explain why corruption remains prevalent in Egypt, it looks at the different anticorruption efforts accomplished by the state and non-governmental organizations after 2011.

Essential Formal Mentor Characteristics and Functions in Governmental and Non-Governmental Organizations from the Program Administrator's and the Mentor's Perspective

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda J. Smith ◽  
Jerusalem T. Howard ◽  
K. Vernard Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Academic Organizations ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Influence Perceptions ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Ideal

This study examines (from the formal mentor's perspective) who mentors are (essential traits) as well as what mentors do (essential functions) in four types of organizations (i.e., academic, business, military-armed forces, and military-academic organizations). We found that industry context and gender do significantly influence perceptions of the ideal formal mentor characteristics. Results also indicate formal mentors place more importance on mentor traits (compared to mentor behaviors). Implications for this research include considering revision of the criteria used for the selection of formal mentors.

scholarly journals Aneuploidy Analysis of 5740 Referral Cases: A Triennial Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi P. Shah ◽  
Parth S. Shah ◽  
Nirzari H. Bhatt ◽  
Ketan K. Vaghasia ◽  
Krishna Mistry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
International System ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Autosomal Aneuploidy ◽  
Human Cytogenetic ◽  
Numerical Aberrations ◽  
Diagnostic Research ◽  
New Strategies

Background and Objectives: Aneuploidy is one of the major concerns to cause genetic anomalies. This condition is mostly related to addition and/or deletion with respect to set(s) of chromosomes. Here, we report an analysis of 5740 referral cases during three consecutive years (2015 – 2018) from our Diagnostic Research Center, Ahmedabad for aneuploidy pattern. Methodologies: The patients were asked to fill the necessary forms and their blood (5ml) was drawn for chromosomal studies using the Karyotyping following International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (ISCN) manual. Results: The data revealed the numerical aberrations for only aneuploidy detected was (3.7%; 211/5740). In this report, constitutional (c) autosomal aneuploidy was 75% (158/211). The total mosaic cases were nine (9/211) comprising constitutive (2) and acquired (7) aneuploidy cases. In autosomal aneuploidy, cT21 was higher (96%; 152/158) than others (4%; 6/158) comparatively. Among cT21 (152), males (76%; 115/152) were more affected than females (24%; 37/152). These statistical data also revealed that acquired chromosomal aneuploidy (leukemia) possessed (25%; 53/211); with more mosaic cases (7/211). Conclusion: Couples with such conditions are eligible for genetic tests and counseling as well as new strategies are urgently to be undertaken by governmental organizations (GOs) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) for affected families with better personalized and informed decision making. The significance of these data is thus discussed in relation to genetic disorders caused by constitutional and acquired aneuploidy of leukemic blood in this report.

scholarly journals The Place and Importance of Associations in Strengthening Trade Unions

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
MA. Ali ihsan Çelen
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Core ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
New Strategies

Developments in the globalization process play an important role in the power loss of trade unions. This situation reveals the problems of unionization in the current industrial relations system. At this point, associations with aspects similar to the trade unions and important non-governmental organizations (NGOs), have an important place in terms of understanding the position, the importance, and the functions of today's industrial relations system where different ways of solutions are sought for unionism. In this context, this investigation focuses on the role, importance and functions of associations in the protection and reinforcement of the existing forces of the trade unions.The investigation aims to evaluate the position, importance and the potential functions of the associations in development of new strategies for strengthening the trade unions, and to suggest new ideas on this direction. The topic (in the direction of the determined purpose) was evaluated under the titles of ‘change and transformation in trade unionism’, ‘new strategies discussed and developed in the process of strengthening the trade unions’, and ‘the associations in development of new strategies’. According to basic findings, in the process of the re-empowerment of trade unions, associations are emerging as important NGOs in the realization of positive scenarios and taking precautions against negative scenarios. In conclusion; besides unionization, importance should be attached to association in every matter. In this process, associations should function in the independent status, in the dependent status, and in the core status.

scholarly journals Best Practices for Building Interprofessional Telehealth: Report of a Conference

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda B. Ransdell ◽  
M. Elizabeth Greenberg ◽  
Emi Isaki ◽  
Alan Lee ◽  
Janet P. Bettger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Meaningful Research

The Arizona Biomedical Research Centre (ABRC) has funded a series of workshops and conferences since 2016 to build the capacity of local, tribal, and state agencies, healthcare delivery organizations, and non-governmental organizations to engage in meaningful research related to health disparities. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of telehealth has dramatically increased, particularly in nursing, occupational therapy (OT), physical therapy (PT), and speech-language pathology (SLP). The purpose of this paper is to summarize the presentations and discussion from the conference titled “Telerehabilitation and Telepractice: An Interprofessional Conference to Build Connections and Best Practices,” held remotely on March 4-5, 2021. Terminology and concepts from the conference were debated, modified, and refined, based on an interprofessional audience. Presenters at the conference, all leaders in their field, discussed the current status of telehealth in their professions, including best practices, challenges, future trends, and research needs.

scholarly journals In the Eye of the Storm: Humanitarian NGOs, Complex Emergencies, and Conflict Resolution

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice Stein
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
International Context ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Humanitarian Emergencies ◽  
Major Powers ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Emergency Assistance ◽  
Complex Humanitarian Emergencies ◽  
New Strategies

The challenges faced by non-governmental organizations seeking to mitigate violence within the context of “complex humanitarian emergencies” create new dilemmas and require new strategies. These emergencies arise from violence inflicted by one group against another within the confines of a state, from the capture of state institutions by one group, or by the collapse of these institutions and the failure of governance. They develop within a context of disengagement by the major powers and the privatization of emergency assistance. I first analyze the dimensions of complex humanitarian emergencies, define the dilemmas humanitarian NGOs face and their implications for conflict resolution, and examine the changing international context to establish the scope of disengagement and privatization. I then assess the troubling evidence that humanitarian NGOs have contributed inadvertently to the escalation of violence rather than to conflict resolution. I explore three possible strategies, some of them counterintuitive, which could contribute to the mitigation of the violence and to conflict resolution.

Constructed wetlands: a solution to water quality issues in Mexico?

Water Policy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. García-García ◽  
L. Ruelas-Monjardín ◽  
J. L. Marín-Muñíz
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Status

Historically, water sanitation has not been a priority for any sector of society in Mexico, and substantial technical and ecological problems exist in this country's wastewater treatment systems. Constructed wetlands (CWs) have proven to be an exceptional alternative, particularly for rural areas in developing countries. This paper identifies the status of research on CWs in Mexico, and discusses the possibilities for their use. Our review showed that interest in CWs in Mexico is growing exponentially, particularly in academic institutions. Consequently, published documents are mostly on experimental wetlands, although there are a few experienced groups devoted to producing technology and providing training needed to apply CWs. CWs are generally used for domestic wastewater treatment, disregarding other pollution sources such as agriculture and industry. Rural communities have the most potential to obtain and apply this technology, but unfortunately their degree of use of these systems is still very low. The current status of research and application of CWs leads to a few options discussed in this paper to promote their use in Mexico, taking into account that the success of these alternatives can only be achieved by partnering with governments, water treatment companies, non-governmental organizations, academic institutions and rural communities.

scholarly journals La función social punitiva en Iberoamérica. Circunstancias globales y locales

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-25
Author(s):  
Fernando Gil Villa
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Physical Aspect ◽  
Political Organizations ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Social ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Prison Populations

El presente trabajo pretende analizar las circunstancias que rodean la dualidad contradictoria presente en la función social de los centros penitenciarios –castigo y rehabilitación–, teniendo en cuenta dos elementos: los debates adyacentes sobre inseguridad y los discursos presentes en la opinión pública, las organizaciones políticas y los intelectuales. Tendencias como la virtualización de la delincuencia, el cambio de énfasis del aspecto físico al aspecto simbólico de la violencia y la vulnerabilidad de las clases medias, eventualmente electorados de corte populista, no permiten pronosticar un decrecimiento de las poblaciones carcelarias en América Latina o una mejora de sus condiciones de vida, pese a los esfuerzos de algunos sistemas judiciales y penales, así como organizaciones interestatales y no gubernamentales.   Abstract The article analyzes the circumstances surrounding the contradictory duality present in the social function of the penitentiary centers (punishment and rehabilitation) taking into account two elements: the adjacent debates about insecurity, and the discourses instigated by public opinion, political organizations and intellectuals. Trends such as the virtualization of delinquency, the change of emphasis from the physical aspect to the symbolic aspect of violence, the vulnerability of the middle classes (eventually populist electorates) do not allow us to predict a decrease in prison populations in Latin America or an improvement of their living conditions, despite the efforts of some judicial and criminal systems, as well as inter-state and non-governmental organizations.

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