scholarly journals Democratizando a integração: eleições diretas para os parlamentos europeu e do Mercosul/Democratizing integration: direct elections to the European and MERCOSUR Parliaments

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-406
Author(s):  
Bruno Theodoro Luciano
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Direct Election ◽  
Direct Elections ◽  
Comparative Model

O presente estudo investiga comparativamente dois modelos de integração regional, o Mercosul e a União Europeia, no âmbito de seus parlamentos regionais, o Parlamento do Mercosul (Parlasul) e o Parlamento Europeu, enfocando o papel da inserção das eleições diretas no ordenamento jurídico regional. A hipótese trabalhada é de que a inserção do critério de representatividade direta nos parlamentos de integração traz dinâmicas novas ao papel, à atuação e às configurações dessas instituições parlamentares regionais em seus respectivos processos de integração. Dada a incompletude das eleições diretas no Mercosul, a comparação entre os parlamentos voltar-se-á para os períodos que antecederam os pleitos europeu e mercosulino. A partir do modelo comparativo e do teste da referida hipótese, pretende-se discutir se as estruturas dos dois projetos de integração produzem limites ao desenvolvimento de instituições democráticas supranacionais.Palavras-chave: Integração Regional. Democracia. Parlamento Europeu. Parlamento do Mercosul. Eleições diretas. Abstract: The  present  study  investigates  comparatively  two  models  of  regional  integration, Mercosur and European Union, and their regional parliaments, the Parliament of Mercosur (Parlasur)  and  the  European  Parliament,  focusing  on  the  role  of  the  inclusion  of  direct election  within  the  regional  legal  system.  The  working  hypothesis  is  that  the  insertion  of direct elections in integration parliaments generates new dynamics to the role,  actuation  and  configurations  of  these  regional  parliamentary  institutions  in  their integration processes. Regarding  the non-completion of  direct  elections in  Mercosur, the comparison between  parliaments  will emphasize  the  period before  the European  and  Mercosur’s elections. Based on comparative model and hypothesis test, it  is  discussed if  the  structures of  these  two  integration projects produce  limits  to  the development of supranational democratic institutions. Key-words: Regional Integration. Democracy. European Parliament. Parliament of Mercosur. Direct Elections.DOI: 10.20424/2237-7743/bjir.v4n2p384-406 

Obywatele Unii Europejskiej – wyborcy Parlamentu Europejskiego – parlamentu ponadnarodowego

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-162
Author(s):  
Stefan Marek Grochalski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Direct Elections

Parliament – an institution of a democratic state – a member of the Union – is not only an authority but also, as in the case of the European Union, the only directly and universally elected representative body of the European Union. The article presents questions related to the essence of parliament and that of a supranational parliament which are vital while dealing with the subject matter. It proves that the growth of the European Parliament’s powers was the direct reason for departing from the system of delegating representatives to the Parliament for the benefit of direct elections. It presents direct and universal elections to the European Parliament in the context of presenting legal regulations applicable in this respect. It describes a new legal category – citizenship of the European Union – primarily in terms of active and passive suffrage to the European Parliament, as a political entitlement of a citizen of the European Union.

4. Shaping the legal system: the role of government

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-90
Author(s):  
Martin Partington
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Criminal Justice Policy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Home Office ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
System P ◽  
Law Commission

This chapter considers the principal government departments that have been shaping and will continue to shape the English legal system. The leading department is the Ministry of Justice which is responsible for running and developing the courts and tribunals system. The chapter provides an overview of its functions. It also considers the Judicial Office, the Judicial College, and the Law Commission. The Home Office is responsible for many aspects of criminal justice policy. Mention is also made of the Department for Exiting the European Union, the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, and other central government departments whose work impacts on the legal system.

4. Shaping the legal system: the role of government

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Partington
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Criminal Justice Policy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Home Office ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
System P ◽  
Law Commission

This chapter considers the principal government departments that have been shaping and will continue to shape the English legal system. The leading department is the Ministry of Justice which is responsible for running and developing the courts and tribunals system. The chapter provides an overview of its functions. It also considers the Judicial Office, the Judicial College, and the Law Commission. The Home Office is responsible for many aspects of criminal justice policy. Mention is also made of the Department for Exiting the European Union, the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, and other central government departments whose work impacts on the legal system.

scholarly journals Who Teams Up with the European Parliament? Examining Multilevel Party Cooperation in the European Union

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Katharina L. Meissner ◽  
Guri Rosén
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Policy Preferences ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Parliaments ◽  
Eu Policy ◽  
Trade Politics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Abstract As in nearly all European Union (EU) policy areas, scholars have turned to analysing the role of national parliaments, in addition to that of the European Parliament (EP), in trade politics. Yet, there is limited understanding of how the parliamentarians at the two levels interact. This article fills the gap by conceptualizing these interactions as a continuum ranging between cooperation, coexistence and competition. We use this continuum to explore multilevel party interactions in EU trade talks and show how cooperation compels politicization – national parliamentarians mainly interact with their European colleagues in salient matters. However, we argue that the impact of politicization on multilevel relations between parliamentarians in the EP and national parliaments is conditioned by party-level factors. Hence, we account for how and why politicization triggers multilevel party cooperation across parliaments in the EU through ideological orientation, government position and policy preferences and show how this takes place in the case of trade.

scholarly journals The Vatican and the European Union: an understanding on the basis of the establishment of human dignity as a transcendental value

2015 ◽  
pp. 119-132
Author(s):  
Petro Yarotskiy
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Pope Francis ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
Historical Heritage

This article analyzes the problems, raised by Pope Francis in the European institutions, regarding the development of modern Europe, including the European Union and the place and role of person in this process. Attitude to the historical heritage of contemporary Europe and ways of its development takes priority place in contacts and cooperation of the Vatican and Council Conference of European episcopate of the Catholic Church with the European Parliament and the Council of Europe in the context of modern cultural multipolarity of Europe and strengthening human dignity as the transcendent value.

scholarly journals The role of regional integration in the international balance of power The European Union and the Shanghai Organization as a model

2020 ◽  
pp. 481-505
Author(s):  
سعد عبيد علوان السعيدي
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Integration Formulas ◽  
Cognitive Power ◽  
The Cold War

The various regional integration formulas, have become prevalent since the second half of the twentieth century under the influence The need dictated by the data of growth and the economic interests of the members of integration, the conviction dictated by economic objectivity based on theories of integration and economic cooperation and its positive economic effect, or data of change and the balance of international powers and the nature of The global system, including. The end of the Cold War helped the power mechanisms witness a temporal and spatial change that made the economic and cognitive power the rest of the power variables. And he identified the new power structures and imposed new rules in the interaction of countries, and produced patterns of relations and different interactions in terms of type, goals and roles, and established a new style in the mechanisms of influence and power and making regional and international poles after pooling capabilities in larger structures in which roles and resources are distributed according to economic logic. Hence, it is possible to focus on two models of integration forms, namely the European Union and the Shanghai Organization. In this framework, two levels of research were focused on the outcomes of integration at the level of members and the bloc in general, and the second focuses on the roles that integration provides in the field of regional and international balance, where it will be imposed New integration force factors are a new pattern of power balance.

scholarly journals A Expansão dos Direitos de Propriedade Industrial na União Europeia

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Schultes
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Internal Market ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Main Question ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Industrial Property

Resumo: A principal questão deste estudo é que, no ambiente de integração econômica da União Europeia, para que se perfectibilize o mercado interno, faz-se necessário o tratamento integrado da propriedade industrial no território do tratado, que pode ser caracterizado como a centralização de procedimentos e alargamento da validade dos títulos de propriedade industrial no espaço da União Europeia. As necessidades econômicas do mercado interno no espaço de integração demandam trazer à competência da União matérias antes tratadas nacionalmente pelos estados membros, notadamente quando se fala em temas de direito privado. A propriedade industrial é um bom exemplo disso, e o legislador europeu está paulatinamente trazendo a regulação desta matéria para dentro do ordenamento da União. Palavras Chave: União Europeia; Propriedade Industrial; Direito Privado; Alargamento; Marcas; Patentes; Design. Abstract: The main question on this study is that, in the regional integration environment of the European Union, for the internal market to get perfectibilized, it is necessary the integrated treatment of industrial property rights in the territory of the treaty, which can be characterized as the centralization of procedures and enlargement of the territorial validity of the industrial property rights in the European Union. The economic needs of the internal market in the integration territory demand to bring to the European Union's competence the matters originally treated nationally by the member states, especially when it comes to private law. Intellectual property is a good example of it, and the European legislator is gradually bringing the regulation of this matter into the legal system of the European Union. Keywords: European Union; Industrial Property; Private Law; Marks; Patents; Design.

Testing the Second-Order Elections Model on the 2019 European Elections in Romania

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-374
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Lașan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Second Order ◽  
National Elections ◽  
European Elections ◽  
New Type ◽  
Treaty Of Rome ◽  
Direct Elections ◽  
European Parliament Elections

"The Treaty of Rome adopted in 1957 included provisions on the elections of the then European Parliamentary Assembly elections, but it took more than two decades for the members of the European Parliament to be directly elected. Immediately after the first direct elections of the European Parliament in 1979, the second-order elections model was conceived in order to understand the new type of supranational but less important elections. The model includes several hypotheses deriving from the idea that in the European elections there is less at stake, so instead of having genuine EU elections, in reality there are now 27 simultaneous national elections. The paper tests the second order elections to see whether its hypotheses are valid in the case of 2019 EU elections in Romania. Keywords: European Union, European Parliament, elections, Romania, 2019."

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