scholarly journals The Effect of Yellow and Red-fleshed Watermelon Rind Powder Dietary Supplementation on Plasma Metabolites in Indigenous Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-480
Author(s):  
Edi Erwan ◽  
Evi Irawati ◽  
Alwis Nazir ◽  
Deni Fitra ◽  
Muhammad Rodiallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Indigenous Chickens ◽  
Watermelon Rind

Effect of dietary supplementation with fish oil during the transition period on milk production, plasma metabolites and postpartum anoestrus interval in grazing dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 481 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mendoza ◽  
D. Crespi ◽  
A. Hernández ◽  
N. Roura ◽  
H. Valentín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Grazing Dairy Cows

Inclusion of fish oil (FO) in the diet of dairy cows could improve the energy status and milk yield and reduce the interval from calving to first postpartum ovulation, but the effects may differ depending on the specific period of supplementation. To test these hypotheses, 28 pregnant Holstein heifers were randomly assigned to four treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial design: prepartum oral drench of FO (0 or 140 g/cow.day) for 21 days before calving, and/or postpartum oral drench of FO (0 or 190 g/cow.day) for 21 days after calving. Prepartum, heifers grazed in native pastures with supplements of wheat silage and wheat bran, while postpartum, cows grazed on improved pastures with addition of concentrates and corn silage. No interaction between prepartum and postpartum FO was detected for any variable analysed. Prepartum and postpartum total DM intake, milk yield, protein yield and percentage were not different among treatments. Milk fat percentage (3.83 versus 3.34 ± 0.10%) and yield (0.88 versus 0.73 ± 0.04 kg/day) decreased with postpartum FO but were not affected by prepartum FO. Prepartum and postpartum body condition score and plasma concentration of non-esterified fatty acids and cholesterol were not different among treatments, but urea concentration was higher in cows drenched with FO during prepartum (5.91 versus 4.64 ± 0.35 mM). Proportion of cows that ovulated the dominant follicle of the first postpartum wave and days to first postpartum ovulation, as determined by ovarian ultrasonography, were not affected by drenching with FO, but size of the dominant follicle in the first wave was decreased when FO was drenched only during the pre- or postpartum period compared with drenching in both periods. Dietary supplementation with FO during the postpartum period affected milk fat synthesis but more research is needed to establish its effects on resumption of ovarian activity in grazing dairy cows.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Supplementation with 2-Hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic Acid Isopropyl Ester as a Methionine Supplement on Nitrogen Utilization in Steers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3311
Author(s):  
Yuchao Zhao ◽  
Md Sazzadur Rahman ◽  
Mengmeng Li ◽  
Guangyong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Retention Rate ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Isopropyl Ester ◽  
Butanoic Acid ◽  
N Retention ◽  
Metabolome Profiling ◽  
The Impact

The objective of the experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid isopropyl ester (HMBi) on the nitrogen (N) metabolism in beef steers. The plasma metabolites analyzed by metabolome profiling were used to clarify the impact mechanism. Three Simmental steers (body weight, 593 ± 23 kg) were used as experimental animals. Three levels of HMBi (i.e., 0, 12, and 24 g d−1) were added in a basal ration as experimental treatments. The steers and the dietary treatments were randomly allocated in a 3 × 3 Latin square design. The results showed that supplementing HMBi up to 24 g d−1 did not affect the N retention and N retention rate (NRR), and the fecal N/urinary N ratio even though it tended to linearly increase the uric acid N/urinary N ratio in steers. The results of plasma metabolome profiling showed that supplementing HMBi at 24 g d−1 upregulated the plasma concentrations of L-methionine (Met); Met-related metabolites including betaine, Met sulfoxide, and taurine; and L-isoleucine and tyrosine, whereas it downregulated L-serine, glycine, diaminopimelic acid, and other metabolites. The reason for the nonsignificant effect of HMBi on improving the N utilization in steers could be that the steers used in the experiment were in the fattening period. It is suggested to evaluate the effects of the dietary addition of HMBi using growing cattle in further research.

scholarly journals Effect of type and timing of oil supplements to sows during pregnancy on the growth performance and endocrine profile of low and normal birth weight offspring

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Laws ◽  
Jennie C. Litten ◽  
Alison Laws ◽  
Ian J. Lean ◽  
Peter F. Dodds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Endocrine Profile

Eighty-eight multiparous sows were used to evaluate whether type and timing of oil supplementation during gestation influences the incidence of low birth weight (LBW). Sows were allocated (eight per treatment) commercial sow pellets (3 kg/d; control diet) or an experimental diet consisting of control diet plus 10 % extra energy in the form of excess pellets, palm oil, olive oil (OO), sunflower oil (SO) or fish oil; experimental diets were fed during either the first half (G1) or second half (G2) of gestation. Growth performance and endocrine profile of LBW ( < 1·09 kg) and normal birth weight (NBW; 1·46–1·64 kg) offspring were compared. Maternal dietary supplementation altered the distribution curve for piglet birth weight. SOG1 sows had a greater proportion of LBW piglets (P < 0·05), whilst it was reduced in the OOG1 group (P < 0·05). Growth rate of LBW piglets was lower compared with their NBW siblings (P < 0·05) when dietary supplementation was offered in G2 but were similar for G1. At birth, LBW offspring of supplemented animals possessed more fat compared with the control group (P < 0·05); LBW offspring of control animals exhibited a more rapid decline in fat free mass/kg prior to weaning. Plasma metabolites and insulin concentrations were influenced by maternal diet and birth weight. In conclusion, maternal dietary supplementation altered the distribution of piglet birth weights and improved the energy status of LBW piglets. Supplementation with MUFA during G1 reduced the incidence of LBW, whereas PUFA had the reverse effect.

scholarly journals Long term dietary supplementation with microalgae increases plasma docosahexaenoic acid in milk and plasma but does not affect plasma 13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF2α concentration in dairy cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Bethan E. Till ◽  
James A. Huntington ◽  
Kirsty E. Kliem ◽  
Jules Taylor-Pickard ◽  
Liam A. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Peak Plasma ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

AbstractThe aims of the study were to determine the long-term effects of dietary supplementation with microalgae (SCIM) on milk and blood fatty acid (FA) composition and reproductive hormones in early lactation dairy cows. Sixty Holstein–Friesian dairy cows (30 per treatment) were unsupplemented (Control) or supplemented with 100 g of SCIM (Schizochytrium limacinum sp.) per cow per day from 25 ± 0.5 d post-partum for 98 d. Intake and milk yield were recorded daily, with milk samples collected at weeks 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 14, and blood samples collected from 12 representative pairs per treatment at weeks 0, 2, 4, 8, and 14 for subsequent analysis of FA, β-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids and glucose. At 33 ± 0.9 d postpartum the oestrus cycle of 24 cows (12 per treatment) were synchronized and plasma 13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF2α (PGFM) concentrations determined following an oxytocin challenge. Data were analysed by repeated measures analysis of variance. There was no effect of treatment on dry matter intake, milk yield or milk fat content, with mean values across treatments of 22.1 and 40.6, and 37.2 g/kg respectively. Milk fat concentration of C22:6 n-3 increased rapidly in cows receiving SCIM, reaching a maximum of 0.38 g/100 g FA by week 14. Similarly, blood concentration of C22:6 n-3 increased to 1.6 g/100 g FA by week 14 in cows fed SCIM. There was no effect of treatment on plasma metabolites, but plasma glucose was lower in cows fed SCIM compared to the Control at week 2, and higher in week 8. There was no effect of treatment on peak plasma PGFM concentration or area under the curve. It is concluded that feeding SCIM rapidly increases blood and milk concentrations of C22:6 n-3 which are maintained over time, but does not improve plasma PGFM in dairy cows.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplementation with Lysine and Threonine Modulates the Performance and Plasma Metabolites of Broiler Chicken

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-211
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Ishii ◽  
Koichi Shibata ◽  
Shinichi Kai ◽  
Keiichi Noguchi ◽  
Amin Omar Hendawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Plasma Metabolites

scholarly journals The Impacts of Dietary Fermented Mao-tai Lees on Growth Performance, Plasma Metabolites, and Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolites of Weaned Piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihua Li ◽  
Qian Zhu ◽  
Md. Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Huawei Li ◽  
Pan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Plasma Urea

This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with fermented Mao-tai lees (FML) on growth performance, plasma metabolites, and intestinal microbiota and metabolites of weaned piglets. A total of 128 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire piglets (28-days old) were randomly assigned to one of four groups, feeding a basal diet (control group), a basal diet supplemented with 2, 4 or 6% FML, respectively, for 42days. The results showed that dietary 4% FML supplementation had higher (p&lt;0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and plasma triglyceride concentration during days 1–14 of the trial than the other FML supplemented groups. In addition, dietary 2 and 4% FML supplementation increased (p&lt;0.05) the ADG during days 15–28 of the trial and plasma total protein concentration on day 42 of the trial compared with the 6% FML supplement. The plasma concentrations of arginine, ethanolamine, histidine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, proline, taurine, threonine, and tyrosine were increased (p&lt;0.05) in the 4% FML group compared with the other three groups on day 14 of the trial. Dietary supplementation with 2–6% FML decreased (p&lt;0.05) the plasma urea nitrogen concentration on day 14 of the trial and the abundance of Escherichia coli in the colon, and dietary 2 and 4% FML supplementation decreased (p&lt;0.05) the abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria compared with the control group. In the intestinal contents, a higher concentration of FML (6%) supplementation decreased (p&lt;0.05) the colonic acetate concentration compared with the control and 2% FML groups, while 4% FML supplementation increased (p&lt;0.05) the colonic cadaverine concentration compared with the other three groups. In conclusion, dietary 4% FML supplementation might contribute to the increased amino acids metabolism without affecting the growth performance of weaned piglets. Moreover, dietary 2 and 4% FML supplementation were also beneficial to intestinal health via decreasing the abundances of specific pathogens and increasing the concentrations of microbial metabolites in the gut, which provides the theoretical basis and data support for the application of FML in pigs.

scholarly journals PSVI-2 Effects of dietary supplementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based direct-fed microbial product on plasma carbonyl-metabolome and fecal bacterial community of beef steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 430-430
Author(s):  
Ibukun M Ogunade ◽  
Devan M Compart ◽  
Andres A Pech-Cervantes
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Isotope Labeling ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Fecal Bacterial Community

Abstract We examined the effects of dietary supplementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based direct-fed microbial on plasma carbonyl-metabolome and fecal bacterial community of beef steers during a 42-d receiving period. Forty newly-weaned beef steers were used in this study. The steers were stratified by BW and randomly assigned to receive a basal diet with no additive (CON; n = 20) or a basal diet supplemented with 19 g of CommenceTM (PROB; n = 20). CommenceTM (PMI, Arden Hills, MN) contains a blend of 6.2 × 1011 cfu/g of S. cerevisiae, 3.5 × 1010 cfu/g of a mixture of Enterococcus lactis, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecium, and L. casei. On d 0 and 40, rectal fecal samples were collected for bacterial community analysis via sequencing of the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene. On d 42, blood was collected for analysis of carbonyl-containing metabolites in plasma using a chemical isotope labeling/liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics. The data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS with treatment as a fixed effect) and (random effect). A total number of 812 unique plasma metabolites were detected. Up to 305 metabolites [fold change (FC) ≥ 1.5, FDR ≤ 0.01] including glucose, hippuric acid, glycoaldehyde, and 5-hydroxykynurenamine were increased by PROB supplementation, whereas 199 metabolites (FC ≤ 0.63, FDR ≤ 0.01) including acetoacetate were reduced. Correlation analysis showed that plasma concentrations of 5-oxopentanoate, 2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate, and 3-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid were positively correlated (P ≤ 0.10) with average daily gain. Supplemental PROB increased (P ≤ 0.05) the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae, Megasphaera, Dorea, Acetitomaculum, and Blautia. In contrast, the relative abundance of Elusimicrobium, Moheibacter, and Stenotrophomonas were reduced (P ≤ 0.05). This study demonstrated that PROB altered the plasma carbonyl-metabolome and fecal bacterial community of the beef steers.

Effects of feeding Isomaltooligosaccharides on the growth performance, carcass traits and immune response of broiler chickens

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
Khalid M. Gaafar
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Flu Vaccine ◽  
Lipids Profile

The research was conducted to study the effect of feeding broiler chickens on diets containing isomaltooligosaccharides on the growth performance, carcass traits and immune response. 90-one day old broiler chicks were used according to completely randomized two treatment groups and one control, 30 birds each. Birds fed ad-libitum on basal starter and grower-finisher diets for 35 day. Diets of treatment`s groups contained 0.5 g/Kg and 1 g/Kg of Isomaltooligosaccharides, while the control group fed on the basal diets without Isomaltooligosaccharides supplementation. Dietary supplementation of broiler chickens with Isomaltooligosaccharides improved body weight, feed conversion, carcass traits, two lymphoid organs weight and log antibody titer against avian flu vaccine. Most of the highest values were for birds fed low levels of Isomaltooligosaccharides. Feed intake decreases as Isomaltooligosaccharides level increases. Dietary supplementation with Isomaltooligosaccharides did not affect the lipids profile (triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL), however the blood VLDL levels decreased with increased levels of Malondialdehyde and Glutathione reductase. Collectively, Dietary supplementation of broiler chickens with 0.5 g/Kg diet of Isomaltooligosaccharides improved growth performance, carcass traits and immune status.

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