scholarly journals К ПРОБЛЕМЕ ВОСПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЗЕМЕЛЬНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ ПЕНЗЕНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
E.N. Nikiforova ◽  
Yu.Yu. Rassypnova ◽  
N.M. Guryanova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Reproduction Process ◽  
State Programs ◽  
And Control ◽  
Intended Use

В статье представлен материал по проблеме воспроизводства земельных ресурсов Пензенской области, основные аспекты которых сегодня являются ключевыми и входят в качестве приоритетных направлений реализации ряда государственных программ и иных законодательных актов. Авторами затрагивается проблема распределения земель сельскохозяйственного назначения по различным формам собственности и по угодьям. Система воспроизводства земельных ресурсов строится на интеграции правового, организационного, учетного, функционального аспектов и контроле за целевым их использованием. Эффективность данной системы выражается в результативных показателях: урожайность сельскохозяйственных культур, валовой сбор, бонитет почвы. В качестве сравнительных характеристик процесса воспроизводства могут использоваться и относительные переменные: объем производства продукции в расчете на один балл бонитета почвы или на рубль кадастровой стоимости земли.The article presents material on the problem of the reproduction of land resources in Penza region, the main aspects of which are essential today and which are included as priority areas for the implementation of a number of state programs and other legislative acts. The problem of the distribution of agricultural land by various forms of ownership and by land is discussed. The system of reproduction of land resources is based on the integration of legal, organizational, accounting, functional aspects and control over their intended use. The effectiveness of this system is expressed in effective indicators: crop productivity, gross yield, soil bonitet. Relative variables can also be used as comparative characteristics of the reproduction process: the volume of production per one point of soil bonitet or per ruble of the cadastral value of land.

scholarly journals On some results of agroecological monitoring of soils and land resources of the Russian Federation in 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Physico Chemical

The article presents the results of long-term agroecological monitoring of the state of Russian land resources: the dynamics of changes in agrochemical and physico-chemical indicators, the content of organic matter and elements of mineral nutrition of plants in soils; crop productivity; contamination of soils and products with residual amounts of pesticides, oil and petroleum products, heavy metals, nitrates, radionuclides; the problems of erosion and reclamation of agricultural land are highlighted. Ключевые слова: AGROECOLOGICAL MONITORING, HUMUS, MOBILE PHOSPHORUS, EXCHANGE POTASSIUM, ACIDITY, CHEMICAL RECLAMATION, LIMING, PHOSPHORIZATION, GYPSUM, PLANT PROTECTION PRODUCTS, YIELD, FERTILIZERS, PESTICIDE RESIDUES, OIL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, HEAVY METALS, NITRATES, WATER AND WIND EROSION OF SOILS, LAND RECLAMATION

Land moratorium: threats and prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
Liliya Mezhevska
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Village

Currently, there are a number of negative consequences of the moratorium that need to be addressed immediately, amendments to existing legislation because the moratorium hinders rural development and agriculture, prevents the redistribution of land resources to more efficient owners and producers, reduces rent and owners' incomes, and limits access to credit resources. Under such conditions, there is no land market, farmers and small landowners have no incentive to invest. As a result, a significant part of land plots is leased by large companies, which have a significant impact on the social structure of the village. Land productivity is far from Ukraine's potential, as long-term investments are needed to improve it. Foreign investors, companies with the necessary knowledge and equipment, are reluctant to invest in Ukraine due to imperfect legal guarantees. A favorable legal climate is needed to improve the agricultural sector. In turn, lifting the moratorium could lead to economic growth. But it should be remembered that lifting the moratorium on land is largely not an economic but a political decision, as there is a risk of mass purchase of Ukrainian lands by foreigners, resulting in the complete loss of ownership and control of their territory. Thus, analyzing the current legislation of Ukraine, scientific publications of famous scientists, economists, politicians, lawyers, given their positive and negative statements about the moratorium on the sale of agricultural land, we can conclude that there are both threats and prospects for a land moratorium.

Specifics of the process of reproduction of land resources in agriculture

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
A. V. Vorobyov ◽  
L. O. Oganesyan ◽  
A. A. Nikulichev ◽  
E. N. Fedjunina
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Production Stage ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
Reproduction Process ◽  
Reproduction Costs ◽  
The One ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Ownership Rights

The article deals with the features of land resources reproduction in agriculture, reveals the specifics of the stages of the reproduction process: production, distribution, exchange and consumption. The author's position is based on a dual approach to the analysis of the study of the process of reproduction of land resources, which are considered as agricultural land. On the one hand, the reproduction process is studied as the renewal of productive qualities of agricultural land, and on the other hand, as the development and reproduction of land relations in conditions of spatial and institutional limitations that determine the consumer properties of land resources. Unlike other factors of production in the process of reproduction of land resources, the consumption stage is combined with the production stage, which contributes to the beginning of the formation of consumer properties at the production stage and the completion of this process at the consumption stage. According to the monitoring of the functioning of the agricultural land market in the Volgograd region in 2012-2019, according to experts, there are constant jumps in the price of agricultural products with a stable amount of rent, which determines the significance of the influence of the price mechanism on the process of reproduction of land resources. Existing institutional restrictions on the exchange of full and limited ownership rights to agricultural land constrain the process of reproduction of consumer properties of land resources at the stage of exchange and consumption, which leads to an increase in reproduction costs and a decrease in the motivation for effective use of agricultural land.

scholarly journals On some results of agroecological monitoring of soils and land resources of the Russian Federation in 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Physico Chemical

The article presents the results of long-term agroecological monitoring of the state of Russian land resources: the dynamics of changes in agrochemical and physico-chemical indicators, the content of organic matter and elements of mineral nutrition of plants in soils; crop productivity; contamination of soils and products with residual amounts of pesticides, oil and petroleum products, heavy metals, nitrates, radionuclides; the problems of erosion and reclamation of agricultural land are highlighted. Ключевые слова: AGROECOLOGICAL MONITORING, HUMUS, MOBILE PHOSPHORUS, EXCHANGE POTASSIUM, ACIDITY, CHEMICAL RECLAMATION, LIMING, PHOSPHORIZATION, GYPSUM, PLANT PROTECTION PRODUCTS, YIELD, FERTILIZERS, PESTICIDE RESIDUES, OIL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, HEAVY METALS, NITRATES, WATER AND WIND EROSION OF SOILS, LAND RECLAMATION

scholarly journals How to Identify Future Priority Areas for Urban Development: An Approach of Urban Construction Land Suitability in Ecological Sensitive Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4252
Author(s):  
Xiaobo Liu ◽  
Yukuan Wang ◽  
Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Construction Land ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Chengdu Plain ◽  
Urban Construction ◽  
And Control

The suitability of urban construction land (SUCL) is key to the appropriate utilization of land resources and represents an important foundation for regional exploration and land management. This study explores the SUCL conceptual framework by considering the theory of human-land relationships. The upper reaches of the Yangtze River were studied, a typical ecologically-sensitive area of China. The spatial pattern and control of the SUCL were determined using the improved entropy method. The results show that an area of 91 × 104 km2 was categorized as prohibited or restricted, and these categories account for 28.61% and 50.66% of the total area, respectively. Priority areas and suitable areas are mainly located in the Chengdu Plain, the urban agglomeration of southern Sichuan Province, Chongqing, and the economic corridor in the west, and the surrounding cities of Guiyang and Kunming. SUCL hotspots feature obvious spatial heterogeneity and are concentrated in Sichuan Basin and Guizhou Plateau. The SUCL is obviously constrained by the physical geography of this region. In addition, towns affected by the pole–axis effect have stronger suitability for development and construction. These findings will be very useful for land managers as they provide relevant information about urban development in mountainous areas.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Expression and Alternative Splicing in Domesticated Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) under Flooding Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Joon Seon Lee ◽  
Lexuan Gao ◽  
Laura Melissa Guzman ◽  
Loren H. Rieseberg
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Alcohol Fermentation ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Flooding Stress ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Approximately 10% of agricultural land is subject to periodic flooding, which reduces the growth, survivorship, and yield of most crops, reinforcing the need to understand and enhance flooding resistance in our crops. Here, we generated RNA-Seq data from leaf and root tissue of domesticated sunflower to explore differences in gene expression and alternative splicing (AS) between a resistant and susceptible cultivar under both flooding and control conditions and at three time points. Using a combination of mixed model and gene co-expression analyses, we were able to separate general responses of sunflower to flooding stress from those that contribute to the greater tolerance of the resistant line. Both cultivars responded to flooding stress by upregulating expression levels of known submergence responsive genes, such as alcohol dehydrogenases, and slowing metabolism-related activities. Differential AS reinforced expression differences, with reduced AS frequencies typically observed for genes with upregulated expression. Significant differences were found between the genotypes, including earlier and stronger upregulation of the alcohol fermentation pathway and a more rapid return to pre-flooding gene expression levels in the resistant genotype. Our results show how changes in the timing of gene expression following both the induction of flooding and release from flooding stress contribute to increased flooding tolerance.

Prospects for increasing the volume of agricultural production for export due to the expansion and intensification of the use of Russian land resources

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Gennadiy A. Polunin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Near Future

The article is devoted to substantiating the prospects for increasing the marginal volumes of agricultural production for export in the next four years. Two scenarios of such production are considered: 1) expansion and 2) intensification of the use of land resources. As part of the development of the first scenario, an analysis of the distribution of unused agricultural land, including arable land, by federal districts was carried out. Also, based on the forecast of the introduction of additional annual volumes of acreage in the subjects of the Federation, the calculation of additional volumes of agricultural production, which can be expected in the next four years, was carried out. The analysis of data on the increase in the yield of export-oriented crops over the past five years has been carried out, in the framework of the second scenario, the calculation of the projected additional yield due to the intensification of agriculture is presented. The results of the study indicate that the intensification of agriculture will have the greatest impact on the growth of production and export of agricultural products in the near future.

Solid/liquid partition coefficients to model trace element critical loads for agricultural soils in Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 189-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
M I Sheppard ◽  
S C Sheppard ◽  
C A Grant
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
National Level ◽  
Trace Element Content ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Solid Liquid

Canadian consumers are demanding a sustainable agricultural industry as well as products delivered under Best Management Practices (BMPs). Trace element accumulation in soils may influence crop productivity, food quality and ecosystem and human health. Canada’s feed and foodstuff export industry has already faced cases of penalties for high trace element content [cadmium (Cd) in durum wheat]. Thus, it is imperative to be able to estimate the accumulation and potential short- and long-term impacts of trace elements in soil. A national-level Trace Element Indicator (TEI) based on present loadings of trace elements to agricultural land is in progress. An Expert Panel including Canadian, American and Australian experts guided the assembly of a proposed methodology for this TEI. The proposed TEI, described briefly here, is a critical load approach with a single expression of the risk of impact from single or multiple trace elements from multiple sources (manures, biosolids, effluents and fertilizers and natural processes), invoked in a stochastic manner. Two key data requirements are the current background levels of trace elements in soil, and the leachability of these trace elements. A survey of total and soluble concentrations of 54 elements in up to 112 soils was completed. Although preliminary in scope, these represent key soil series in Canada. From this, a database of the solid/liquid partition coefficient, Kd, was computed. These Kd values will be used to characterize the leachability of the trace elements. Key words: Cadmium, copper, zinc, lead, nickel, uranium, metals, Kd, distribution coefficient

scholarly journals The Regulation of Ownership of Agricultural Land Rights that Exceeds the Maximum Limit

Jurnal Akta ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Ana Rubiyani
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Land Registration ◽  
The Government ◽  
Ownership Rights ◽  
And Control ◽  
Maximum Limit

Land is a form of gift given by God, but human has given brain to think the challenges of live like the land problems, so that the government tries to regulate it properly. The problems in this thesis are: 1) How to regulate ownership of agricultural land rights that exceeds the maximum limit based on Act No. 56 (Prp) of 1960 concerning the Determination of Agricultural Land Areas? 2) How is the action taken by the Land Office towards ownership of agricultural land rights that exceeds the maximum limit? The method used is juridical empirical, with descriptive analytical specifications. The method used in this research is an empirical juridical approach. The results of this study are: (1) The regulation of ownership of agricultural land rights that exceeds the maximum limit is based on Act No. 56 (Prp) of 1960, namely that the provisions regarding land restrictions state that the application for ownership rights as referred to in Article 4 paragraph 1 of Act No. 56 (Prp) 1960 was limited to a maximum land area of 2000 m2. 2) The steps of the Land Office in implementing Act No. 56 (Prp) of 1960, namely the need for a concept of supervision and control over control of land rights, given the various problems that often arise such as in land registration activities.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the efficiency of using agricultural land in agricultural production

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
L. V. Kireicheva ◽  
V. A. Shevchenko ◽  
I. F. Yurchenko
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Integral Assessment

Relevance. The effective use of agricultural land is a fundamental prerequisite for the successful implementation in the agro-industrial complex of the task of providing the population with food, and production with raw materials. At the same time, the issues of methodological support of the procedures for determining the integral indicator for assessing the use of agricultural land, established on the basis of a theoretically grounded unified approach based on quantitative methods, have been developed with insufficient completeness. Actualization of the issues of improving the theory and practice of assessing the effectiveness of the use of agricultural land in agricultural production is becoming one of the priority tasks of land reclamation science. The purpose of this work is to create a methodological basis for the process of assessing the use of agricultural land, which guarantees the comparability of the considered options for agroproduction in different natural and economic conditions.Methods. The research is based on the method of point assessments for indicators of agricultural land exploitation and the formation on their basis an integral criterion of land use efficiency. The proposed procedure includes: analysis of statistical data characterizing the dynamics of the values of indicators of used land resources, calculation of local assessments of the feasibility of their exploitation and assessment of the efficiency of land use according to a generalizing criterion represented by the sum of these local assessments.Results. A methodology has been developed and a method has been created for determining the efficiency of the use of agricultural land, based on a generalized integral assessment of the operation of agricultural land, which allows to identify bottlenecks in agricultural production and outline rational directions for the development of land use. The testing of the algorithm of the methodology and capabilities of the scale for the integral assessment of the efficiency of the use of land resources was carried out on the example of the Non-Black Earth Zone of the Russian Federation. Shown is an unsatisfactory (below the national average) contribution of agricultural production to the gross regional product. On the whole, positive dynamics of agricultural production in the Non-Black Earth Zone was established, which is achieved due to the development of animal husbandry, which is an effective factor in the formation of modern efficient agriculture of the territory, with the orientation of the crop production system on the raw material basis of feed production or the sector of the economy of the agro-industrial complex of the territory.

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