scholarly journals On some results of agroecological monitoring of soils and land resources of the Russian Federation in 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Physico Chemical

The article presents the results of long-term agroecological monitoring of the state of Russian land resources: the dynamics of changes in agrochemical and physico-chemical indicators, the content of organic matter and elements of mineral nutrition of plants in soils; crop productivity; contamination of soils and products with residual amounts of pesticides, oil and petroleum products, heavy metals, nitrates, radionuclides; the problems of erosion and reclamation of agricultural land are highlighted. Ключевые слова: AGROECOLOGICAL MONITORING, HUMUS, MOBILE PHOSPHORUS, EXCHANGE POTASSIUM, ACIDITY, CHEMICAL RECLAMATION, LIMING, PHOSPHORIZATION, GYPSUM, PLANT PROTECTION PRODUCTS, YIELD, FERTILIZERS, PESTICIDE RESIDUES, OIL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, HEAVY METALS, NITRATES, WATER AND WIND EROSION OF SOILS, LAND RECLAMATION

scholarly journals On some results of agroecological monitoring of soils and land resources of the Russian Federation in 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Physico Chemical

The article presents the results of long-term agroecological monitoring of the state of Russian land resources: the dynamics of changes in agrochemical and physico-chemical indicators, the content of organic matter and elements of mineral nutrition of plants in soils; crop productivity; contamination of soils and products with residual amounts of pesticides, oil and petroleum products, heavy metals, nitrates, radionuclides; the problems of erosion and reclamation of agricultural land are highlighted. Ключевые слова: AGROECOLOGICAL MONITORING, HUMUS, MOBILE PHOSPHORUS, EXCHANGE POTASSIUM, ACIDITY, CHEMICAL RECLAMATION, LIMING, PHOSPHORIZATION, GYPSUM, PLANT PROTECTION PRODUCTS, YIELD, FERTILIZERS, PESTICIDE RESIDUES, OIL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, HEAVY METALS, NITRATES, WATER AND WIND EROSION OF SOILS, LAND RECLAMATION

The Influence of the Przebędowo Reservoir on the Water Quality of the Trojanka River in the First Years of its Functioning

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 151-167
Author(s):  
Błażej Waligórski ◽  
Ewelina Janicka
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
The North ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Physico Chemical

Agriculture, mainly biogenic compounds (nitrogen and phosphorus) and plant protection products are one of the sources of environmental pollution. The sources of pollution are both farm buildings and intensively used agricultural land. Therefore, a crucial element of the environment contributing to the improvement of surface water quality are the aforementioned shallow reservoirs covered by vegetation that act as biofiltres or reservoirs such as dammed reservoirs. The analysed reservoir is located in the Greater Poland Province, about 25 km to the north from Poznań, in Murowana Goślina commune. The research on the analysed reservoir was conducted during the growing seasons, from 2016 to 2018, at three measurement and control points: at the Przebędowo reservoir inflow, it the Przebędowo reservoir and at the Przebędowo reservoir outflow. They included determining 4 groups of physico-chemical indicators supporting biological elements, including indicators characterising aerobic conditions, salinity, acidification (pH) and indicators characterising biogenic conditions. Based on the conducted research, a great influence of the reservoir was proven, especially in the context of the concentration of dissolved oxygen at the outflow, where, concerning this indicator, the reservoir was classified as water quality class I. The presented research results also confirmed that in the context of the complexity of hydrological and physico-chemical processes taking place in dammed reservoirs, it is necessary to continuously control them both in terms of water quantity and quality.

scholarly journals Optimal Solutions for the Use of Sewage Sludge on Agricultural Lands

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Catalina Iticescu ◽  
Puiu-Lucian Georgescu ◽  
Maxim Arseni ◽  
Adrian Rosu ◽  
Mihaela Timofti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

The use of sewage sludge in agriculture decreases the pressure on landfills. In Romania, massive investments have been made in wastewater treatment stations, which have resulted in the accumulation of important quantities of sewage sludge. The presence of these sewage sludges coincides with large areas of degraded agricultural land. The aim of the present article is to identify the best technological combinations meant to solve these problems simultaneously. Adapting the quality and parameters of the sludge to the specificity of the land solves the possible compatibility problems, thus reducing the impact on the environment. The physico-chemical characteristics of the fermented sludge were monitored and optimal solutions for their treatment were suggested so as to allow that the sludge could be used in agriculture according to the characteristics of the soils. The content of heavy metals in the sewage sludge was closely monitored because the use of sewage sludge as a fertilizer does not allow for any increases in the concentrations of these in soils. The article identifies those agricultural areas which are suitable for the use of sludge, as well as ways of correcting some parameters (e.g., pH), which allow the improvement of soil quality and obtained higher agricultural production.

Myrtillocactus geometrizans fruit plant stimulated with Effective microorganisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 025-032
Author(s):  
Domenico Prisa
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Growing Medium

The aim of this work is to develop an innovative technology for the cultivation of Myrtillocactus geometrizans, introducing the use of Effective microorganisms and at the same time, limiting the use of mineral fertilizers, plant protection products and improving the physico-chemical and organoleptic characteristics of garambullos for consumption and processing. The trial showed a significant improvement in the agronomic parameters analysed on Myrtillocactus geometrizans plants treated with Effective microorganisms. In particular, there was an increase in plant height and circumference, vegetative and root weight, number of flowers and fruits, number and length of thornes in plants treated with microorganisms. In addition, the use of EM microorganisms showed a significant increase in total betalains, ascorbic acid, phenols and total flavonoids in garambullos. It was important to underline how the use of Effective microorganisms guaranteed, despite the reduction of irrigation and fertilisation by 50% in the growing medium, the same results in terms of agronomic parameters and fruit production and quality as the control with irrigation and fertilisation under optimal conditions. The application of Effective microorganisms in agricultural processing can therefore guarantee higher production standards, with a possible reduction in costs fertilizer and water. Particularly for those farms that want to focus on the production of ornamental and fruit cacti. Fruits obtained from growing plants treated with Effective microorganisms have a high antioxidant and nutraceutical potential, which is very important especially in this age where food is also a medicine.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the efficiency of using agricultural land in agricultural production

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
L. V. Kireicheva ◽  
V. A. Shevchenko ◽  
I. F. Yurchenko
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Integral Assessment

Relevance. The effective use of agricultural land is a fundamental prerequisite for the successful implementation in the agro-industrial complex of the task of providing the population with food, and production with raw materials. At the same time, the issues of methodological support of the procedures for determining the integral indicator for assessing the use of agricultural land, established on the basis of a theoretically grounded unified approach based on quantitative methods, have been developed with insufficient completeness. Actualization of the issues of improving the theory and practice of assessing the effectiveness of the use of agricultural land in agricultural production is becoming one of the priority tasks of land reclamation science. The purpose of this work is to create a methodological basis for the process of assessing the use of agricultural land, which guarantees the comparability of the considered options for agroproduction in different natural and economic conditions.Methods. The research is based on the method of point assessments for indicators of agricultural land exploitation and the formation on their basis an integral criterion of land use efficiency. The proposed procedure includes: analysis of statistical data characterizing the dynamics of the values of indicators of used land resources, calculation of local assessments of the feasibility of their exploitation and assessment of the efficiency of land use according to a generalizing criterion represented by the sum of these local assessments.Results. A methodology has been developed and a method has been created for determining the efficiency of the use of agricultural land, based on a generalized integral assessment of the operation of agricultural land, which allows to identify bottlenecks in agricultural production and outline rational directions for the development of land use. The testing of the algorithm of the methodology and capabilities of the scale for the integral assessment of the efficiency of the use of land resources was carried out on the example of the Non-Black Earth Zone of the Russian Federation. Shown is an unsatisfactory (below the national average) contribution of agricultural production to the gross regional product. On the whole, positive dynamics of agricultural production in the Non-Black Earth Zone was established, which is achieved due to the development of animal husbandry, which is an effective factor in the formation of modern efficient agriculture of the territory, with the orientation of the crop production system on the raw material basis of feed production or the sector of the economy of the agro-industrial complex of the territory.

scholarly journals Crop Management System Based on Digital Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00188
Author(s):  
A.R. Zakirova ◽  
G.S. Klychova ◽  
A.R. Yusupova ◽  
I.G. Nikitenko ◽  
A.M. Zakirov
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Crop Farming

Crop farming is one of the most important branches of agriculture that ensures the food security of the country. For crop farming development, it is necessary to solve the problems of reducing the quantity and quality of the resulting crop due to insufficient nutrition and care, untimely harvesting and improper storage. To increase the efficiency and sustainability of the industry, it is necessary to digitalize both the production systems and decision-making processes at all levels of management. The study considers the stages of a digital crop management system: accounting for acreage with an electronic field map; organization of crop rotation taking into account organizational, soil-climatic and economic aspects of production; monitoring of technological operations; control of agricultural machinery with the formation of primary documents for accounting for completed works; maintaining a subsystem of material resources using the technic of precision farming; filling in technological maps and accounting for actually completed works with a list of works, the composition of agricultural aggregates, the timing of operations, production rates and fuel consumption, the need for seeds, fertilizers, plant protection products, and the cost of resources. The increased attention to the problem of digital agriculture on the part of the state and the highly competitive environment promote the use of new technological mechanisms and methods of work by agricultural producers, which are based on the use of Internet technologies, satellite navigation, robotics, sensors and sensors, and unmanned vehicles. Digitalization of agricultural processes allows increasing crop productivity, the efficiency of using material resources, equipment and human potential.

scholarly journals Impact of Watersheds in Bringing Change in the Farming System in Bastpur of Morena District of Madhya Pradesh.

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 588-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Kulshrestha ◽  
Y. K. Singh ◽  
S. K. Sen
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Watershed Development ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
The Impact

The study was carried out in Bastpur micro watershed in Morena block of the Morena district of Madhya Pradesh during 2010-11.To assess the impact of watershed development programme in farming system. It could be found that the overall watershed development practices in the study area have positive and effective changes in agricultural area of bajra, and arhar , cropping productivity of gram and arhar, land use, use of land resources, water resources, and livestock due to increase in availability of water and use to improved agricultural inputs like improved seeds, recommended doges of fertilizers, required irrigation, plant protection measures,etc in the study area. It was also found positive change in agricultural land, irrigated area, area under horticultural and vegetables crops. Similarly cattle population was also increased due to sufficient availability of water and fodder in watershed area.

scholarly journals Prevalence of pesticides in Krško-Brežice polje aquifer

Geologija ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-288
Author(s):  
Nina MALI ◽  
Anja KOROŠA ◽  
Janko URBANC
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Passive Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
The Past ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
The World

Groundwater pollution with pesticides is a problem that occurs all over the world as well as in Slovenia. Considering the past high loads of groundwater with pesticides, the purpose of the presented research was to determine the presence of pesticides in the groundwater of Krško-Brežiško polje in the period 2018-2019 and to check the applicability of the passive sampling method. A total of 21 groundwater samples were taken at 11 locations and 2 samples each in the Sava and Krka rivers. We identified 15 pesticides and their degradation products. Atrazine and its degradation product desethylatrazine were most frequently determined in groundwater samples. They are followed by desethylterbutylazine, terbutylazine, metolachlor and simazine. Atrazine, desethylatrazine, chlortoluron, metolachlor and terbuthylazine were detected in surface water. A total of 24 samples were taken in groundwater and surface water using the qualitative passive sampling method. We singled out 8 pesticides that appear in two campaigns. The frequency and occurrence of individual pesticides by both methods are comparable. Passive sampling has proven to be an appropriate method of identifying the presence of pesticides. The highest loads in the Krško-Brežiško field arise from the agricultural land areas. Groundwater is more contaminated with pesticides in the central part of the field in the direction of groundwater flow from west to east. In the groundwater of the Krško-Brežice field, atrazine and desethylatrazine are still the most frequently detected pesticides with higher concentrations, despite a 20 years long ban on the use of atrazine-based plant protection products.

STRESS REACTION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS ON CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PESTICIDES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A Korobov ◽  
◽  
D.O. Morozov ◽  
V.V. Bukreev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Chemical Pesticides ◽  
Moderate Stress

A comparative assessment of the stress reactions of potato, soybean, corn, barley, table beet, sunflower, cucumber, tomato, zucchini, pumpkin on the use of chemical and biological pesticides in field experiments was carried out. It was found that soy, barley and table beet showed a strong stress response to chemical pesticides.Biological pesticides separately and in combination with chemical plant protection products caused mild and moderate stress in the studied cultures.A close correlation was revealed between plant stress from chemical pesticides and changes in crop productivity.

INVESTIGATING THE POSSIBILITY OF USING THE NATURAL BITUMEN OF GILSONITE TYPE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ROAD BITUMEN

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Ivan Kopynets ◽  
Oleksii Sokolov ◽  
Оksana Sokolova ◽  
Alina Yunak
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Softening Point ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Natural Bitumen ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
High Adhesion ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Adverse Weather

The heavy traffic combined with the adverse weather and climate factors which are characteristic for most of the year, makes high demands for asphalt concrete. The quality of asphalt concrete is largely determined by the properties of bitumen which plays the role of a binder which provides the formation of a monolithic composite road-building material from separate mineral grains. Compound bitumen obtained by mixing the peroxidized bitumen with tar have the best ratio of all physico-chemical indicators, it is also possible the option to compound residual bitumen with oxidized. Oxidized bitumen obtained by the oxidation of tar or a mixture of tar with other petroleum products is characterized by low cohesive strength, poor adhesion and considerable aging. The use of natural bitumen of gilsonite type is the most common method to improve the properties of bitumen. When introducing into the bitumen of this natural bitumen, its penetration at a temperature of 25° C is reduced, as well as the softening point is increased. In fact, the nature of the change in the properties of bitumen during introduction of natural bitumen is the same as during its oxidation. That is, natural bitumen can be used to produce road bitumen by compounding it with tar. This paper presents the results of bitumen research obtained by combining tar with natural bitumen of gilsonite type. The production of bitumen by combining tar with natural bitumen of gilsonite type allows obtaining different grades of road bitumen by changing the content of natural bitumen. Bitumen obtained by this technology is more heat- and crack-resistant, have high adhesion to the aggregates and are not subjected to the technological aging. This bitumen has a higher softening point and a lower Fraass breaking point and therefore a higher plasticity interval. Keywords: bitumen, production, equiviscous temperatures, natural bitumen, mixing.

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