scholarly journals Legal foundations of criminal law against mass riots at the stages of the emergence and development of the Russian centralized state

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
Linar Khabibullin
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Form Of Government ◽  
Legal Foundations

The article presents the author’s vision of the origin and development of the legal foundations of criminal law countering mass riots. It has been determined that riots have accompanied humanity since its inception. The formation of criminal law mechanisms for countering mass riots has a long and multi-stage path of formation and formation, taking into account the specifics of the development of Russian society and the state. At the stage of the formation of the centralized Russian state, acts with signs of mass disorder belonged to a group of crimes that infringe on the interests of the state. The concept of “raiser” was introduced into the official circulation. These included persons calling or organizing uprisings against the current legitimate government. Further evolution of state institutions, within the framework of the Cathedral Code of 1649, made it possible to single out a group of state crimes, the system of which included acts with signs of mass disorder. In the historical period under consideration, the acts classified as mass disorders by their objective nature under the conditions of the monarchical form of government were primarily aimed at the established state order. The study also points to an inextricable link and similarity in a number of legally significant characteristics of mass riots with extremist activities.

scholarly journals Fundamental Study of the Legendary Bibliophile Edition

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 655-661
Author(s):  
Alexander Y. Samarin
Keyword(s):  
Book Publishing ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
National Union ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Library ◽  
Design Options ◽  
Historical Methods

The article presents the analysis of the new book of the famous bibliophile, researcher and populariser of rare books and bibliophilism, the Chairman of the National Union of Bibliophiles M.V. Seslavinsky about the history of creation, specific aspects of publishing and art design of the famous bibliophilic edition “Cantata” by A.A. Sidorov (Moscow, 1921). Comic verses of the future famous bibliologist and art critic, corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR became the text for the first edition of the Russian society of the friends of books (1920—1929), the largest Association of booklovers of the 1920s. Two small runs totalled only 20 copies. The study is based primarily on the copies of “Cantata” preserved in the state collections (the Russian State Library, the State Tretyakov Gallery) and private collections, including the M.V. Seslavinsky’s one. The discovery of new documents on the history of the publication allowed restoring the list of owners of the autographed copies. Using the copy-by-copy method, the researcher succeeded in describing the numerous design options of the rarity of bibliophile publishing. The use of art-historical methods allowed to finally establish that the prototype for the image on the engraving “Bibliophile in 1920” (artist N.B. Baklanov, engraver I.N. Pavlov) was A.N. Benoit, the famous painter. The author introduces into circulation the handwritten poetic epistles of A.A. Sidorov to the owners of the autographed copies and other unique materials about preparation for printing, distribution and provenance of “Cantata”. In general, it can be concluded that M.V. Seslavinsky’s approaches to the analysis of “Cantata” can become basic in the study of bibliophile book as a special cultural phenomenon and trend in book publishing.

scholarly journals The official name of the Russian state in the domestic norm-making practice of the second half of the XIXth century

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
I. V. Ganusenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Relationship Of

Consideration in the scientific article The question of the relationship of the regulatory terminology used as the official name of the Russian state is due to the problem of the absence of a single scientific approach in determining its semantic content and is dedicated to the 300th anniversary of the proclamation of the name of the state “Russian Empire”. The features of the rulemaking practice on the official consolidation of the name of the state with the simultaneous use of regulatory terms “Russia”, “Russian Empire”, “Empire” and “Russian State”, having an equivalent semantic value in the name of the same state that operated in the specific historical period of its development. Allocated the generals patterns of the applied context of said terminology in regulatory legal acts of various sectoral affiliation. It was concluded that there is no synonymous properties and the difference in the context of the contents of the second half of the XIX century the terms “Russia” and “Russian Empire”, which are used by the domestic legislator, which is used depending on the type and subject of regulated public relations.

scholarly journals СОЦИАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНАЯ АДАПТАЦИЯ И ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ МИГРАНТОВ В РОССИИ: К ВОПРОСУ О МЕЖКУЛЬТУРНОМ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИИ

2020 ◽  
pp. 136-152
Author(s):  
Ольга Вячеславовна Кульбачевская
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Successful Integration

В статье рассматриваются концептуальные подходы, практические меры, слабые стороны и положительные новации в сфере реализации государственной миграционной политики и государственной национальной политики РФ в отношении адаптации и интеграции мигрантов. Изучен характер взаимодействия мигрантов и принимающего российского общества и его влияние на адаптационные и интеграционные процессы. Проанализировано восприятие культурных отличий в молодежной среде (по результатам исследования в школах и вузах г. Москвы). Делается вывод, что большинство россиян не настроено на активное взаимодействие c инокультурными мигрантами, что является препятствием для успешной интеграции мигрантов. Потенциал для успешных интеграционных процессов наблюдается в образовательной среде. Несмотря на то, что в нашей стране на сегодняшний день отсутствуют полноценные условия для успешной интеграции мигрантов, в последние несколько лет происходят положительные изменения. Если раньше государственные институты выполняли функции преимущественно по социальной адаптации мигрантов (административно-правовой аспект), то в настоящее время со стороны органов власти увеличивается поддержка некоммерческих организаций, осуществляющих деятельность по адаптации и интеграции мигрантов в принимающее общество; поддерживаются и распространяются лучшие практики общественного сектора, который всегда понимал важность осуществления проектов, нацеленных на тесное взаимодействие мигрантов и местного сообщества. The article examines conceptual approaches, practical steps, weaknesses and positive innovations in the implementation of the State Migration Policy and the State National Policy of the Russian Federation in relation to adaptation and integration of migrants. The article studies the nature of interaction between migrants and the host Russian society and its impact on adaptation and integration processes. It analyzes the perception of cultural differences among young people (based on the results of research done in schools and universities in Moscow). The majority of Russians are not inclined to actively interact with foreign-cultural migrants, which is an obstacle to successful integration of migrants. The potential for successful integration processes is observed in the educational environment. Despite the fact that our country currently lacks full-fledged conditions for successful integration of migrants, positive changes have been taking place in the past few years. If earlier state institutions performed functions primarily for the social adaptation of migrants (administrative and legal aspect), now the authorities are increasing support for non-profit organizations that work on adaptation and integration of migrants into the host society; the best practices of the public sector, which has always understood the importance of implementing projects aimed at close interaction between migrants and the local community, are supported and disseminated.

scholarly journals State Policy in the Field of Information Security on Legitimacy of the Political Structure of Modern Russia – Trends, Problems, Solutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Ilya Leonidovich Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
State Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Municipal Employees ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Post Industrial

Information security in the modern post-industrial “authorized” world is becoming one of the key ele-ments in the state’s national security system. The author of the article notes that the Russian state policy in the field of information security is imple-mented according to a “tough” model: reliance on law enforcement agencies and prohibitive measures, the desire to control the transmission channels of big data, to monopolize or at least take control of the main sources of media generation. As recom-mendations for optimizing the state information policy, the author proposes to strengthen the inter-action of state institutions with non-profit organiza-tions, social movements and other elements of civil society. Moreover, it is needed to move from a pro-hibitive model of informational confrontation to a combined one, combining both counterpropaganda and readiness for dialogue with external political actors on mutual interests; to step up the work of state bodies in compliance with the legality of the circulation of information in the latest communica-tion systems. It is also proposed to introduce the development of competence to counter informa-tional political aggression into the system of train-ing the state and municipal employees.

Studying the History of the State Control in the Russian Empire During the Period of the Duma Monarchy

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Ziqiu Chen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
State Control ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Council Of Ministers

After the establishment of constitutional monarchy in Russia as a result of the 1905–1906 reforms, the position of the Russian State Control (imperial audit service) changed. Formerly relatively independent, the State Control, whose head was directly accountable to the Emperor, now found itself in the united government, i.e. the Council of Ministers. The undermined independence of the State Control provoked a wide public discussion, which involved Duma deputies, employees of the State Control as well as competent Russian economists and financial experts, who made relevant recommendations calling for reducing the number of state institutions that were unaccountable to the audit service and giving the latter more independence. This paper analyses the key works of pre-revolutionary authors published in the early 20th century and devoted to the history of the State Control of the Russian Empire. Both in the imperial period and today, the Russian audit institution, in contrast with political, historical and military topics, has been of primary interest not to historians, but to economists, financiers and lawyers, since it requires special knowledge of the State Control’s technical mechanisms. Based on this, the author selected the following works that require thorough examination: How People’s Money Is Spent in Russia by I.Kh. Ozerov, On the Transformation of the State Control by Yu.V. Tansky, an official anniversary edition State Control. 1811–1911, and Essays on the Russian Budget Law. Part 1 by L.N. Yasnopolsky. The author of this article considers these works to be the highest quality studies on the Russian State Control at the beginning of the 20th century and their analysis to be of unquestionable importance for contemporary research into the history of the Russian audit institution.

scholarly journals POLITICAL AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND PROBLEMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ETHNOCULTURAL COMPONENT IN THE ACTIVITIES OF REGIONAL UNIVERSITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2022 ◽  
pp. 98-109
Author(s):  
Ахмедан Аминович Саидов
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Education System ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Regional Universities ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
The Russian Federation

Статья посвящена исследованию степени соответствия современной политики российского государства в сфере образования, процессов, происходящих в региональных университетах, политико-правовым основам многонациональной Российской Федерации, заложенным в Конституции, других важнейших документах, определяющих принципы её государственно-территориального устройства. Эти основы официально гарантируют российским народам и регионам всестороннее социокультурное, образовательное, научно-технологическое развитие. Целью работы является всесторонний анализ просчётов деятельности российского государства в образовательной сфере в постсоветский период, приведших к проблемам, не позволяющим региональным университетам сегодня решать возлагаемые на них обществом функции, а также поиск путей их решения. Процесс реализации данной цели определил следующие задачи: проанализировать степень соответствия постсоветской политики российского государства в образовательной сфере провозглашённым политико-правовым основам государственного устройства РФ, гарантиям социокультурного развития российских народов; выявить взаимосвязь результатов современных реформ в системе высшего образования с объективными функциями региональных университетов РФ; раскрыть позитивный потенциал региональных университетов в решении социально-экономических, социокультурных проблем регионов и народов РФ, сохранении и укреплении её евразийской цивилизационной сущности; исследовать негативные последствия постсоветских реформ, отразившихся на состояние дел в региональных университетах, наметить пути решения возникающих проблем; показать важность учёта этнокультурного компонента в системе образования многонациональной РФ, определяющего личностные и профессиональные качества подрастающих поколений, способствующего достижению межнационального согласия и стабильности в российском обществе. The paper is devoted to the study of the degree of compliance of the modern policy of the Russian state in the field of education, the processes taking place in regional universities with the political and legal foundations of the multinational Russian Federation, laid down in the Constitution, and other important documents that determine the principles of its state-territorial structure. These foundations officially guarantee the Russian peoples and regions comprehensive socio-cultural, educational, scientific and technological development. The purpose of the work is a comprehensive analysis of the miscalculations of the activities of the Russian state in the educational sphere in the post-Soviet period, which led to problems that do not allow regional universities today to solve the functions assigned to them by society, as well as the search for ways to solve them. The process of implementing this goal defined the following tasks: to analyze the degree of compliance of the post-Soviet policy of the Russian state in the educational sphere with the proclaimed political and legal foundations of the state structure of the Russian Federation, guarantees of the socio-cultural development of Russian peoples; to identify the relationship of the results of modern reforms in the higher education system with the objective functions of regional universities of the Russian Federation; to unleash the positive potential of regional universities in solving the socio-economic, sociocultural problems of the regions and peoples of the Russian Federation, preserving and strengthening its Eurasian civilizational essence; investigate the negative consequences of post-Soviet reforms on the state of affairs in regional universities, outline ways to solve emerging problems; show the importance of taking into account the ethnocultural component in the education system of the multinational Russian Federation, which determines the personal and professional qualities of younger generations, which contributes to the achievement of interethnic harmony and stability in Russian society.

scholarly journals Justification of Life imprisonment in Serbian Criminal Law

Lex Russica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
M. Milovic ◽  
M. Pusitsa
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The State ◽  
Life Imprisonment ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Sound Mind

In Serbia, disputes have been going on for years (which are also the subject of many congresses) about the regulation of the most severe types of punishment. The criminal policy of the country shows a tendency to toughen penalties. By attracting a lot of media attention and putting pressure on state institutions concerning certain tragic events caused by the murder and rape of minors, including children, some members of the public hysterically demand that the state respond with the strictest penalties, even if they no longer exist (the death penalty).In December 1, 2019 The Law on Amendments and Additions to the Criminal Code, which, among other things, prescribes life imprisonment, entered into force. It is assumed that the fact that there is a life sentence for particularly serious crimes, such as murder or crimes against sexual freedom in particularly serious forms, may make criminals think twice before committing them. In addition, proponents of the introduction of such a punishment argue that the fear of life imprisonment can act as a corrective and preventive measure, thereby reducing the proportion of these criminal offenses.The paper provides a critical analysis of this justification for the return of life imprisonment to the criminal law. The arguments against this include: 1) statistics confirm that life imprisonment for possible criminals who have committed particularly serious criminal offenses is not a factor of prevention; 2) general prevention is undermined; 3) the previously existing maximum prison term was not an obstacle, that is, it was not a factor of prevention; 3) innovations would not change the decisions of criminals, although they were in their sound mind at the time of committing criminal offenses, realizing the illegality of these actions; 4) it becomes impossible to carry out the correction and re-socialization of the sentenced person, who knows that he will remain closed outside the social and family environment for the rest of his life; 5) it is also necessary to keep in mind that it is the state that financially maintains such criminals.

HUMANIZATION OF BODY PENALTIES APPLIED TO THE MINISTERS OF THE CHURCH

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Любовь Евгеньевна Логунова
Keyword(s):  
Corporal Punishment ◽  
Class Group ◽  
Social Role ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Purpose Of Education ◽  
The Church ◽  
Separate Class

В XVIII в. служители церкви, не преодолев еще существующих ранее сложностей, вынужденно столкнулись с новыми проблемами в виде непростых отношений со светской государственной властью. Священнослужители, являясь на тот момент обособленной сословной группой, во многом привилегированной, в то же время наказывались за отдельные проступки и преступления наравне с представителями податных сословий российского общества, в том числе и телесно. Болезненные телесные наказания в рассматриваемый период были широко применимы и разнообразны: битье кнутом, битье розгами, битье плетьми, битье шелепами, битье шпицрутенами, битье батогами и т. д. Цели назначения и применения телесных наказаний также разнились: одних наказывали с целью воспитания, наказывая других, пытались устрашить, в некоторых случаях наказание несло функцию превенции и т. п. Законодатель в рассматриваемый исторический период увидел в существующей практике применения телесных наказаний противоречие между важной социальной ролью, определяемой государством и церковью для церковнослужителей и их реальным положением в социуме. Анализ путей преодоления законодателем и церковной властью этого противоречия и явился целью настоящего исследования. In the XVIII century, the ministers of the church, not having overcome the difficulties that still existed earlier, were forced to face new problems, in the form of difficult relations with the secular state power. The clergy, being at that time, a separate class group, largely privileged, at the same time, were punished for individual offenses and crimes on an equal basis with representatives of the taxable classes of Russian society, including physically. Painful corporal punishments in the period under review were widely applicable and varied: whipping, whipping with rods, whipping with whips, whipping with shelepami, whipping with shpitsruten, whipping with batogami, etc. The purpose of the appointment and application of corporal punishment also varied: some were punished for the purpose of education, punishing others, trying to intimidate, in some cases the punishment had the function of prevention, etc. The legislator in the historical period under review saw in the existing practice of the use of corporal punishment a contradiction between the important social role defined by the state and the church for churchmen and their real position in society. The purpose of this study is to analyze the ways in which the legislator and the church authorities overcome this contradiction.

REVIEW: WITTENBERG, E.YA. (2020), SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF AUTHORITIES. RGGU, MOSCOW, RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Irina E. Khanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
State University ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Fair Competition ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The monograph submitted for review is the second one in the author’s planned series of three books on the social responsibility of businesses, authorities, and civil society. In 2011, the publishing centre of Russian State University for the Humanities published the first monograph in that series of the author, Social Responsibility of Businesses in the post-Soviet space, in which the large empirical material showed complex factors for the formation of social responsibility of businesses in the post-Soviet countries in the course of business activities in the economic, political, and social spheres. The second work of the author called Social Responsibility of Authorities is a complex work, which presents a critical analysis of the social responsibility of the authorities in post-Soviet Russia for the selection of goals and ways of the country development, for the degree of and price for achieving the goals, and for the quality, results, and impact of implemented system change affecting all spheres of public life. The monograph considers a number of theoretical issues: the genesis and development of the basic concepts for social responsibility of authorities, its criteria and indicators, the causes of irresponsibility of authorities, the boundaries and responsibilities of state institutions, the questions of forming the shared social responsibility in all its subjects (authorities, businesses, and society). The author analyses the social responsibility of the authorities in the field of economic policy (stages and processes of privatisation, creating conditions for fair competition and innovative development), in the modernisation of Russian society (achievements and shortcomings in the fight against poverty, in the formation of the middle class, in evening out excessive social inequalities), and also analyses measures for the development of democracy.

scholarly journals Traditional Russian Family as a Basis for Sustainable Development of the State and Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-175
Author(s):  
Aleksander M. Egorychev ◽  
Lev V. Mardakhaev ◽  
Anna G. Akhtyan ◽  
Yanina V. Shimanovskaya ◽  
Rustam A. Archakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
High Status ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Russian State ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Basic Institution ◽  
Goals And Objectives

Abstract The relevance of the problem under examination is stemming from the present difficult situation with the basic institution of the Russian society, i.e. the Russian family. Modern researchers explore the issues related to the present and future of the Russian family institution as a basis for sustainable development of the state and society. They analyze the condition of the present-day Russian family and reveal the reasons of its crisis. The authors of this research firmly uphold the position that only revival of traditional meanings and values of the Russian family will allow to keep its high status in the society and to foster sustainable development of the Russian state and society. This research is aimed at identifying and validating the factors and conditions that contribute to the revival of the traditional foundations of the Russian family, and to the sustainable development of the Russian state and society as a whole. The main approaches to the study of this problem were culturological and socio-historical, which allow to solve the pursued goals and objectives. The paper presents the analysis of the current socio-political situation in Russia, identifies and validates the main aspects and causes of the existing harsh reality of the Russian institution of family, discloses and identifies factors and conditions essential for sustainable development of the country. The materials of this research have practical value for researchers and specialists dealing with problems of the Russian family and challenges of sustainable development of the Russian society.

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