METHOD OF SYNTHESIS OF MODELS FOR FORECASTING AND EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OF LOCOMOTIVE CREW EMPLOYEES

Author(s):  
Николай Алексеевич Кореневский ◽  
Дмитрий Андреевич Медников ◽  
Владислав Викторович Стародубцев

Целью работы является разработка метода синтеза математических моделей прогнозирования и диагностики профессиональных заболеваний работников локомотивных бригад позволяющего получать решающие правила, обеспечивающие приемлемое для профилактической медицины качество принятия решений. С учетом неполного и нечёткого описания исследуемого класса заболеваний в качестве базового математического аппарата выбрана технология мягких вычислений и, в частности, методология синтеза гибридных нечетких решающих правил, хорошо зарекомендовавшая себя при решении задач с аналогичной структурой данных и типом неопределенности. Предлагаемый метод синтеза позволяет учитывать мультипликативный эффект воздействия на организм человека разнородных и нестабильных эндогенных и экзогенных факторов риска в кабинах локомотива. Предложенный метод синтеза математических моделей прогнозирования и диагностики заболеваний работников локомотивных бригад апробирован на синтезе математической модели прогнозирования заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой и нервной систем, с учетом воздействия на организм человека вибрации, шума, эргономики кабины, высокого уровня психоэмоционального напряжения и утомления, загазованности кабины и других экзогенных и эндогенных факторов риска. В ходе математического моделирования и экспертного оценивания было показано, что полученная прогностическая модель обеспечивает уверенность в правильном прогнозе не ниже 0,85, что является достаточно «хорошим» результатом для задач медицинской диагностики The aim of this work is to develop a method for synthesizing mathematical models for predicting and diagnosing occupational diseases of locomotive crew employees, which allows us to obtain decisive rules that ensure the quality of decision-making acceptable for preventive medicine. Taking into account the incomplete and fuzzy description of the studied class of diseases, the soft computing technology and, in particular, the methodology for the synthesis of hybrid fuzzy solving rules, which has proven itself well in solving problems with a similar data structure and type of uncertainty, was chosen as the basic mathematical apparatus. The proposed synthesis method allows us to take into account the multiplicative effect of heterogeneous and unstable endogenous and exogenous risk factors on the human body in the locomotive cabs. The proposed method of synthesis of mathematical models for predicting and diagnosing diseases of locomotive crew employees is tested on the synthesis of a mathematical model for predicting diseases of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, taking into account the impact on the human body of vibration, noise, cabin ergonomics, high levels of psycho-emotional stress and fatigue, cabin gas pollution and other exogenous and endogenous risk factors. In the course of mathematical modeling and expert evaluation, it was shown that the obtained predictive model provides confidence in the correct forecast of at least 0.85, which is a fairly "good" result for medical diagnostics tasks

Author(s):  
Николай Алексеевич Кореневский ◽  
Анна Владимировна Титова

В работе рассматривается метод синтеза математических моделей прогнозирования и диагностики заболеваний, провоцируемых воздействием электромагнитных полей радиочастотного диапазона, позволяющий контролировать текущее состояние человека с целью дальнейшего принятия решений о возможной коррекции функций организма в случае необходимости. С учетом неполного и нечеткого описания исследуемого класса заболеваний в качестве базового математического аппарата выбраны технология мягких вычислений и, в частности, методология синтеза гибридных нечетких решающих правил, хорошо зарекомендовавшая себя при решении задач с аналогичной структурой данных и типом неопределенности. Предлагаемый метод синтеза позволяет учитывать мультипликативный эффект воздействия на организм человека электромагнитных полей (ЭМП) различной модальности и интенсивности с учетом других эндогенных и экзогенных факторов риска. С учетом того, что для достаточно мощных ЭМП радиочастного диапазона определены предельно допустимые уровни с известными последствиями, а для низкоинтенсивных ЭМП указаны лишь тенденции возможных заболеваний в основном на качественном уровне, предлагаются две различные ветви синтеза соответствующих решающих правил. Для мощных и стабильных ЭМП предлагается использовать модификацию известных моделей, полученных для промышленных энергосетей. Для оценки влияния низкоинтенсивных, нестабильных ЭМП радиочастотного диапазона на организм человека предлагается использовать нечеткие табличные модели и ряд чувствительных к действию ЭМП радиочастотного диапазона индикаторов. К таким индикаторам относятся состояние внимания, памяти, мышления, а также динамика изменения энергетического состояния биологически активных точек (БАТ), связанных с исследуемой патологией, и общесистемных БАТ Taking into account the incomplete and fuzzy description of the studied class of diseases, the basic mathematical apparatus was chosen as a soft computing technology, and, in particular, the methodology for the synthesis of hybrid fuzzy solving rules, which has proven itself well in solving problems with a similar data structure and type of uncertainty. The proposed synthesis method allows us to take into account the multiplicative effect of electromagnetic fields (EMF) of different modality and intensity on the human body, taking into account other endogenous and exogenous risk factors. Taking into account that the maximum permissible levels with known consequences are defined for sufficiently powerful EMF of the radio frequency range, and only trends of possible diseases are indicated for low-intensity EMF, two different branches of synthesis of the corresponding decisive rules are proposed at the qualitative level. For powerful and stable EMF, it is proposed to use a modification of known models obtained for industrial power grids. To assess the impact of low-intensity, unstable RF EMF on the human body, it is proposed to use fuzzy tabular models and a number of indicators sensitive to the action of RF EMF. These indicators include the state of attention, memory, thinking, as well as the dynamics of changes in the energy state of biologically active points (BAP) associated with the studied pathology and system-wide BAP


Author(s):  
N. P. Golovkova ◽  
L. M. Leskina ◽  
N. I. Kotova

The results of the assessment of the impact of risk factors on the health of workers of the mining and processing plant are presented. The necessity to take into account the high relative risk of developing diseases of the musculoskeletal system, as well as diseases of the circulatory system in the system of monitoring the detection of workers with early signs of occupational diseases.


Author(s):  
Артем Викторович Винников ◽  
Александр Владимирович Быков ◽  
Николай Алексеевич Кореневский ◽  
Людмила Петровна Лазурина ◽  
Полина Сергеевна Азарова ◽  
...  

Целью исследования является разработка метода прогнозирования возникновения и развития фатальных осложнений, провоцируемых действием на организм человека новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) на фоне иммунопролиферативных заболеваний, который позволит усовершенствовать лечебно-диагностические мероприятия при данной патологии. В качестве базового математического аппарата была выбрана методология синтеза гибридных нечетких решающих правил, которая хорошо зарекомендовала себя при решении задач с нечётким описанием исследуемых классов и схожим типом неопределенности. Предлагаемый метод прогнозирования позволяет учесть мультипликативный эффект воздействия на организм человека существенных факторов риска, характерных для рассматриваемого заболевания, с учетом его тяжести и скорости развития патологического процесса. В ходе проводимых исследований были синтезированы математические модели прогнозирования возникновения и развития фатальных осложнений. В ходе экспертного оценивания, математического моделирования и статистических испытаний показано, что уверенность в правильном принятии решений по прогнозу появления и развития исследуемого класса фатальных осложнений превышает величину 0,85. В работе получены нечёткие математические модели прогнозирования возникновения и развития фатальных осложнений у людей при развитии коронавирусной инфекции на фоне системной красной волчанки, для которых ведущими факторами риска являются вторичный антифосфолипидный синдром с нарушением микроциркуляции и гипоксемия. В ходе проведенных исследований была показана целесообразность использования полученных результатов в практике работы таких врачей, как иммунологи, инфекционисты, пульмонологи The aim of the study is to develop a method for predicting the occurrence and development of fatal complications provoked by the effect on the human body of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) against the background of immunoproliferative diseases, which will improve diagnostic and treatment measures for this pathology. The methodology for the synthesis of hybrid fuzzy decision rules was chosen as the basic mathematical apparatus, which has proven itself well in solving problems with a fuzzy description of the classes under study and a similar type of uncertainty. The proposed forecasting method allows one to take into account the multiplicative effect of exposure to the human body of significant risk factors characteristic of the disease under consideration, taking into account its severity and the rate of development of the pathological process. In the course of the research, mathematical models were synthesized for predicting the occurrence and development of fatal complications. In the course of expert assessment, mathematical modeling and statistical tests, it was shown that confidence in the correct decision-making on the prediction of the appearance and development of the studied class of fatal complications exceeds 0.85, which makes it possible to recommend the results obtained during the study for implementation into the practice of such doctors. as immunologists, infectious disease specialists, pulmonologists. The work obtained fuzzy mathematical models for predicting the occurrence and development of fatal complications in people with the development of coronavirus infection against the background of systemic lupus erythematosus, for which the leading risk factors are secondary antiphospholipid syndrome with microcirculation disorders and hypoxemia. In the course of the studies, the expediency of using the results obtained in the practice of the work of such doctors as immunologists, infectious disease specialists, pulmonologists was shown


2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk F van der Molen ◽  
Carel TJ Hulshof ◽  
P Paul FM Kuijer

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of occupational diseases (ODs) through estimations of population attributable fractions (PAFs) in a national context.MethodsPAFs were calculated for eight prevalent ODs using existing data on the prevalence of exposure to risk factors at work and the strength of their association with diseases based on systematic reviews. Six systematic reviews with meta-analyses and two overview papers were selected. All addressed the relationship between occupational exposure to work-related risk factors for these eight prevalent ODs. Prevalence figures for exposure to work-related risk factors were retrieved from the Dutch National Working Conditions Survey (NWCS) based on self-reports by approximately 40 000 workers. The specific risk factors retrieved from the reviews were matched with the available and dichotomised self-reported exposure items from the NWCS by two authors.ResultsThe eight frequently reported ODs among the Dutch working population revealed PAFs varying between 3% and 25%. Lateral epicondylitis and distress/burnout had the highest attributable fractions, with percentages of 25% and 18%, respectively. For knee osteoarthritis (13%), shoulder soft tissue disorders (10%) and non-specific low back pain (10%) approximately 1 in 10 cases were attributable to work. PAFs for irritant contact dermatitis, noise-induced hearing loss and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were 15%, 6% and 3%, respectively.ConclusionData from systematic reviews and self-reported data on exposure provide opportunities to estimate the impact of ODs. For the Netherlands, they revealed substantial and varying attributions of work for prevalent diseases.


Author(s):  
A.A. Tonshin ◽  
◽  
O.V. Krikunov ◽  
A.F. Makarov

Abstract: There is a list of occupational diseases associated with risk factors including chemical ones at Russian Federation determined by Ministry of Health of Russian Federation Order №417н of 27.04.2012. In order to early diagnostics and to prevent morbidity increase of occupational diseases, associated with chemical factors it is required to perform preliminary and periodic medical examinations of employees whose work is associated with exposure to harmful and(or) hazardous risk factors, including chemical ones, determined by Ministry of Health of Russian Federation Order №29н of 28.01.2021. List of chemical factors given in the appendix of actual Order determined by cooperative Ministry of Labor and Social Protection and the Ministry of Health Order №998н/1420н of 31.12.2020. Due to comparison analysis of harmful and(or) hazardous risk chemical factors listed in Order №27н and Order №417н appendixes it was determined that there are a few factors approved as harmful and(or) hazardous chemical factors in Order №29н are not approved as ones in Order №417н, what means that diseases caused by these factors cannot be approved as occupational diseases. As a result of detected discrepancy it is proposed to supplement the list of occupational diseases associated with the impact of chemical factors.


Author(s):  
M. V. Chashchin ◽  
E. A. Kaik ◽  
E. G. Klimova

Working conditions in welding are characterized by the impact on the human body of a complex of harmful factors of the work environment. One of the most dangerous is a welding aerosol with a high content of manganese. Long-term high occupational exposure to manganese is causes manganese parkinsonism, the diagnosis of which is difficult, especially when conducting a differential diagnosis with PD.


2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mamunts ◽  
S. Sokolov ◽  
A. Nyrkov ◽  
S. Chernyi ◽  
M. Bukhurmetov ◽  
...  

Abstract There are a lot of models and algorithms to minimize risks during dredging operations and they are not without drawbacks. The paper describes the authors’ approach to solving this problem. Mathematical models are proposed and on their basis software is developed. Methods of the risk theory are used to minimize the risks. In this paper a consequence of influence refers to the deviation from the goal expressed in the expected results and the deviation of certain criterion factors. In this case, we mean any measure of quality. In its turn, risk factors reduce criterion factors. These factors are divided into categories - general transportation risks and risks of transporting ground. In these categories, one may derive the following risks - incidents at transport resulting from the impact of a set of random factors including the human one. For risk analysis and management, in addition to identifying critical chains of risk situations, the stochastic model for evaluating the chains is set forth. In order to implement this algorithm, the mathematical package Maple is used, which allows for conducting the required calculations with a software package including the Graph Theory. The paper presents fragments of the code listing.


Author(s):  
N. N. Petrukhin ◽  
O. N. Andreenko ◽  
I. V. Boyko ◽  
S. V. Grebenkov

Introduction. The activities of health workers are associated with the impact of many harmful factors that lead to loss of health. Compared with other professional groups, health care workers are ill longer and harder, which may be due to polymorbidity pathology.The aim of the study based on the survey data to study the representation of health workers about working conditions and to identify their impact on the formation of occupational diseases.Materials and methods. In order to get a real idea of the attitude of medical workers to their working conditions in 2018, an anonymous survey was conducted of 1129 doctors and 776 employees of secondary and junior medical personnel working in health care institutions in St. Petersburg, Moscow, Krasnoyarsk, Vologda and Orel.Results. Research of working conditions and health of physicians allowed to establish that work in medical institutions imposes considerable requirements to an organism of working, its physical condition and endurance, volume of operational and long-term memory, ability to resist to mental, moral and ethical overloads.Conclusions: The most important method of combating the development of occupational diseases is their prevention. Organizational and preventive measures should be aimed primarily at monitoring the working conditions and health of medical staff .


Author(s):  
S. A. Gorbanev ◽  
S. A. Syurin ◽  
N. M. Frolova

Introduction. Due to the impact of adverse working conditions and climate, workers in coal-mining enterprises in the Arctic are at increased risk of occupational diseases (OD).The aim of the study was to study the working conditions, causes, structure and prevalence of occupational diseases in miners of coal mines in the Arctic.Materials and methods. Th e data of social and hygienic monitoring “Working conditions and occupational morbidity” of the population of Vorkuta and Chukotka Autonomous District in 2007–2017 are studied.Results. It was established that in 2007–2017 years, 2,296 ODs were diagnosed for the first time in 1851 coal mines, mainly in the drifters, clearing face miners, repairmen and machinists of mining excavating machines. Most often, the ODs occurred when exposed to the severity of labor, fibrogenic aerosols and hand-arm vibration. The development of professional pathology in 98% of cases was due to design flaws of machines and mechanisms, as well as imperfections of workplaces and technological processes. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system (36.2%), respiratory organs (28.9%) and nervous system (22.5%) prevailed in the structure of professional pathology of miners of coal mines. Among the three most common nosological forms of OD were radiculopathy (32.1%), chronic bronchitis (27.7%) and mono-polyneuropathy (15.4%). In 2017, coal miners in the Arctic had a professional morbidity rate of 2.82 times higher than the national rates for coal mining.Conclusions. To preserve the health of miners of coal mining enterprises, technical measures to improve working conditions and medical interventions aimed at increasing the body’s resistance to the effects of harmful production and climatic factors are necessary.


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