A trait collection of spring groat barley

2018 ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
I.A. Petukhova ◽  
V.K. Riabchun ◽  
V.A. Muzapharova ◽  
O.I. Padalka ◽  
T.A. Sheliakina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Starting Material ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The goal of our research was to form a collection of groats barley, to search, to select and to evaluate starting material of spring barley for a set of valuable economic traits, technological properties and culinary qualities of barley groats. Results and Discussion. Basing on to the results of assessments, we identified selected 55 spring barley accessions, which were characterized by 17 traits and 75 expression levels. The collection includes accessions from 11 countries; the largest number of accessions (59) are from Ukraine; 39 – from Russia; 10 - from Belarus; 10 - from Germany; 6 - from France; 5 - from Kazakhstan; 4 - from Canada; 3 - from the Czech Republic; 2 – from Great Britain; 1 accesson is from Serbia; and 1 - from Austria. Accessions combining high levels of expression of different traits are the most valuable. They include the following accessions: Doridnyi, Vodohrai, Sviatomykhailivskyi, Svarozhych, Soka, Іlot (UKR). Naked accessions include: Akhilles (UKR), Mayskiy, Oskar, Golozyornyy 1, Omskiy Golozyornyy 1 (RUS), CDC Alamo, CDC Candle (CAN). These varieties can be starting material for creation of new modern high-performance spring groats barley varieties. Ten valuable accessions registered with the NCPGRU (Sovіra, Doridnyi, Soka, Vodohrai, Partner, Yukatan, Avhii, Svarozhych, Baskak, and Virtuoz) were included in the trait groats collection. Conclusions. Basing on the results of multiyear studies, we formed the trait collection of spring groats barley comprising 140 accessions from 11 countries. The collection includes 55 reference accessions that cover 17 traits (plant height, vegetation period, ear length, grain weight per ear, 1000-grain weight, grain shape, grain evenness, vitreousness, culinary qualities of barley groats, etc.) characterized by 75 levels of their expression. The collection is of considerable value for science and education. The accessions selected allow improving the efficiency of breeding to create new varieties with high technological and culinary properties as well as with a set of valuable economic characteristics.

scholarly journals Resistance to Fusarium head blight in spring barley

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chrpová ◽  
V. Šíp ◽  
L. Štočková ◽  
L. Stemberková ◽  
L. Tvarůžek
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Medium Resistance

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a fungal disease causing substantial yield and quality losses in barley. Genetic variation in deoxynivalenol (DON) content and and important yield traits in response to FHB were studied in 44 spring barley cultivars for two years following artificial inoculation with Fusarium culmorum under field conditions. The analysis of variance revealed that the largest effect on DON content and simultaneously on the reduction of thousand grain weight and grain weight per spike were due to the environmental conditions of the year, while the visual disease symptoms depended on the cultivars to a larger extent. All these traits were significantly interrelated. The most resistant cultivars Murasski mochi, Nordic, Krasnodarskij 35, Krasnodarskij 95, Nordus, and Usurijskij 8, together with the resistant check Chevron, showed the lowest DON content, the lowest expression of disease symptoms and the lowest reduction of TGW and GWS. However, most spring barley cultivars registered in the Czech Republic in recent years expressed susceptibility or medium resistance and were considerably affected by the disease. This increases the importance of breeding barley for resistance to FHB.

Effects of herbicide use, fungicide use and position in the field on the yield and yield components of spring barley

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Boatman
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

SUMMARYSix experiments were carried out over 2 years (1985 and 1986) in commercial spring barley crops on calcareous soils in Hampshire. Herbicides increased grain yield by 0·05–1·21 t/ha, and fungicides by 0·01–0·68 t/ha. Herbicide use affected each of the yield components ears/plant, grains/ear, 1000-grain weight and harvest index in one or more cases but the effects were not consistent between experiments or consistently related to yield increases. Fungicide use had little effect on yield components other than 1000-grain weight, which was significantly increased in all experiments. There were no significant herbicide × fungicide interactions. Large differences in yield were recorded between field edge (headland) and midfield plots, with headland plots outyielding the midfield in two of the three experiments where this effect was considered.The effects of fungicide use were accounted for by associated increases in the green lamina area of the flag leaf and second leaf at the late milk stage of grain development. This is consistent with previous work. Differences in yield response to herbicide between sites were linearly related both to weed numbers early in the season and to weed biomass at harvest. Weeds did not always directly replace crop biomass; in some experiments the combined dry matter production was greater when herbicide was not used. However, the results indicate that, where a diverse weed flora composed of species of moderate to low competitive ability is present, simple weed counts may provide a useful indication of potential yield loss.It is concluded that headland areas can often be as productive as the rest of the field, but a greater understanding of the factors involved is needed if this potential is to be realized.

scholarly journals Morphological characters, plant phenology and yield of spring barley (Hordeum sativum L.) depending on cultivar properties and sowing date

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Noworolnik
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
State Research Institute ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

During the period 2008-2010, microplot experiments on spring barley were carried out in the experimental field of the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Institute in Puławy, on a good wheat soil complex. The following cultivars were compared: ‘Conchita’, ‘Kormoran’, ‘Rufus’, ‘Skald’, ‘Skarb’ (2008-2009) as well as ‘Afrodite’, ‘Aliciana’, ‘Bordo’, ‘Skald’, and ‘Suweren’ (2009-2010), in terms of their morphological characters determining grain yield and their response to sowing date: 7-12 April and 17-22 April. Among the spring barley cultivars tested, there were large differences in productive tillering of plants, number of ears per unit area, and grain yield. Smaller differences related to number of grains per ear and 1000 grain weight. The cultivars ‘Suweren’ and ‘Skarb’ were characterized by high grain yield thanks to greater plant tillering and higher number of ears. The cultivar ‘Bordo’ was marked by the highest number of grains per ear, while cv. ‘Kormoran’ had the highest 1000 grain weight. A delayed sowing date caused a shortening of the growing season by 8-9 days and a shortening of all plant growth stages. This negatively affected number of ears per unit area and grain yield, but did not result in significant changes in number of grains per ear and 1000 grain weight. ‘Suweren’ and ‘Skarb’, i.e. cultivars with higher tillering ability, can be considered to be cultivars more tolerant to delayed sowing date.

scholarly journals The heterosis value of economically valuable traits in the multi-row hybrids F1 of spring barley obtained by saturating crossings

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
N. A. Kryuchkova ◽  
G. А. Murugova ◽  
А. G. Klykov
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Far East ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
The Far East ◽  
World Collection ◽  
The World ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits

The current paper has presented the analysis results of the value of heterosis and the degree of phenotypic dominance of hybrids F1 obtained by saturating crossings of two-row and multi-row spring barley forms. The purpose of the study was to determine the value of heterosis and the degree of phenotypic dominance of the main quantitative traits of the multi-row hybrids of spring barley. The study was carried out in the laboratory for grain crops and groats breeding of the FSBSI FRC of Agrobiotechnologies of the Far East named after A. K. Chayka. There were studied 68 varieties of multi-row spring barley forms selected from the world collection of IPI of various ecological and geographical origin. The two-row varieties ‘Primorsky 98’, ‘Primorsky 44’, ‘Primorsky 89’, ‘Tikhookeansky’ and ‘Vostochny’ developed by FSBSI FRC of Agrobiotechnologies of the Far East named after A. K. Chayka were taken as maternal forms. Four multi-row barley varieties ‘Kazminsky’ (Khabarovsk Territory), ‘Peguis’ (Canada), ‘Kolchan’ (Altai Territory), ‘07N1’ (China) with valuable economic traits were taken as a paternal form. There was conducted a five-fold backcrossing of hybrids with paternal forms and there were selected the populations of multi-row genotypes. The most of the hybrids F1 manifested their heterosis simultaneously according to four traits, productive tillering, number of grains per main head, grain weight per main head, and grain weight per a plant. Only two hybrids ‘Primorsky 98 x Kolchan’ and ‘Primorsky 89 x Peguis’ showed a depression. There was identified heterosis by the traits ‘number of grains per main head’, ‘grain weight per main head’ in all hybrids. When analyzing the inheritance of the trait ‘grain weight per a plant’, there was established overdominance of this trait at the highest values of the hybrids ‘Tikhookeansky x Peguis’ (9.7) and ‘Primorsky 44 x 07N1’ (5.2), the heterosis degree was 50.4% and 82.2%, respectively. There has been established that three hybrids ‘Primorsky 98 x 07N1’, ‘Primorsky 44 x 07N1’, ‘Tikhookeansky x Peguis’ can belong to the most promising ones.

Winter bread wheat productivity elements and yield capacity in relation to its origin

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Yu.O. Chernobai ◽  
V.K. Riаbchun ◽  
A.V. Yarosh ◽  
A.I. Morgunov
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Spike Density ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Yield Capacity ◽  
Breeding Efficiency ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Aim. To compare winter bread wheat accessions of different origin for spike productivity elements and yield capacity. Results and Discussion. 104 winter bread wheat accessions from 10 countries were studied. We distinguished, an accession from Turkey, SWW 1-904 (12.8 cm) due to its long spike. The largest number of spikelets was recorded in accessions SWW 1-904 (TUR), Veha (RUS) and Pamiatі Hіrka (UKR) - 21 spikelets. Turkish accession SWW 1-904 was noticeable for the grain number per spike. The greatest spike density was observed in accession Zluka (UKR) - 2.5 spikelets / cm. The spike weight and grain weight per spike were the highest in SWW 1-904 (TUR): 6.0 g and 4.5 g, respectively. Accessions Lehenda Myronivska (0.81), Prydniprovska (UKR), Kuma, Yunona, Avgusta (RUS) (0.80) had the highest index of spike productivity. The 1000-grain weight of 55.0 g was recorded in intensive variety SWW 1-904 (TUR). Accessions from Ukraine, Darynka Kyivska and Raihorodka combined high winter hardiness (9 points) with high yield capacity (955 g/m2). Conclusions. Thus, winter bread wheat accessions that are valuable starting material for developing new varieties with a set of important economic features, were identified. They can increase the breeding efficiency and accelerate the breeding process.

scholarly journals The effects of tillage and soil mineral fertilization on the yield and yield components of spring barley

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Klikocka ◽  
B. Narolski ◽  
G. Michałkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Npk Fertilization

A field experiment with a malting spring barley crop (2007&ndash;2009) was conducted in south-eastern Poland on Cambisols. Conventional (CST) and simplified soil tillage systems (SST) were used in combination with NPK fertilizer enriched with S and Mg. Analysis of the results showed a beneficial effect of CST and NPK fertilization with S and Mg on yield and yield structure. SST and NPK fertilization decreased grain yield by 6.6% and 6.2%. CST increased grain number per ear, grain weight per ear and plant height, while the SST decreased the value of these characteristics by 7.9, 5.7 and 5.3%. Number of ears (standardized regression coefficient b = 0.330), grain number per ear (b = 0.488) and 1000 grain weight (b = 0.360) were found to be significant for predicting grain yield. Significant correlations were found between grain yield and yield components of spring barley. Grain yield per ha was positively correlated with number of ears (r<sub>n</sub> = 72 = 0.330), grain number per ear (r<sub>n</sub> = 72 = 0.488), 1000 grain weight (r<sub>n</sub> = 72 = 0.359), grain weight per ear&nbsp;(r<sub>n</sub> = 72 = 0.528) and plant height (r<sub>n</sub> = 72 = 0.246).

scholarly journals Heritability and correlation coefficient analysis for grain yield and yield-related traits in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (Volume 13, Issue 2) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
B. Dyulgerova ◽  
D. Valcheva ◽  
D. Valchev ◽  
M. Babulicova ◽  
M. Havrlentova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike ◽  
Barley Genotypes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Abstract. The objectives of this study were to estimate the heritability of yield and yield-related traits and to compute the correlation of grain yield with yield-related traits among the spring barley genotypes. The experiment was laid out in a complete block design with three replications in the Institute of Agriculture – Karnobat, Bulgaria during two consecutive years 2017 and 2018. Genotypes differed significantly for all the traits studied. Genotypic coefficients of variation were lower than the corresponding phenotypic coefficients in all the traits studied, indicating a considerable influence of the environment on the expression of the traits. Estimates for broad-sense heritability ranged from 0.65% for grain number per spike to 44.20% for 1000-grain weight. Moderate heritability coupled with relatively high genetic advance as a percent of the mean was found for 1000-grain weight suggesting a reliable possibility for improvement through selection. A significant and positive correlation between grain yield and number of spikes per m2 and grain weight per spike was found. Results of path analysis showed that grain weight per spike and number of spikes per m2 exhibited the highest direct effects on grain yield. The number of spikes per m2 was highly associated with grain yield but mostly influenced by environmental effects. The grain weight per spike should be prioritized for selection of superior spring barley genotypes under conditions of Southeast Bulgaria due to its highest direct effect on grain yield combined with higher heritability than that of grain yield. Moreover, it must be considered that the grain weight per spike had relatively low heritability in a broad-sense so the selection should be practised in later generations in replicated trials.

HIGH-PROTEIN VARIETIES AND PERSPECTIVE LINES OF SPRING BARLEY

1970 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
O. V. Levakova ◽  
L. M. Eroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Protein ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Research Grade ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Variety Testing

The article presents the results of the analysis of the biochemical composition of selected in the competitive variety testing of new varieties and promising lines of spring barley, studied on the experimental field ISA-branch of FGBNU FNAC VIM in 2016-2018. Result of research in different years of water availability among the rooms was allocated a group of high-protein barley with improved feed value: 4 varieties, 2 of which are on the state variety testing, and 2 promising lines. The range of variation of protein content in the grain of the selected samples varied from 13.1 to 14.5 %, lysine – from 0.48 to 0.52 %, weight of 1000 grains-from 48.0 to 53.5 g. According to the data obtained the highest value of protein in grain was observed in krupnosortnogo varieties Zlatoyar (GSI), amounting on average for 14.5 %. The increase was equal to 1.1% in relation to the control variety Yaromir. With an average yield of 6.52 t/ha in the years of research grade Accounting have provided protein per hectare in the amount of 0,94 t/ha. A new variety Sudar´ (GSI) and breeding line 149/4-12 h 788 and 129/1-14 h 907 this indicator has been less productive, however, exceeded the grade Yaromir 0.10 to 0.16 t/ha. Given the higher productivity of new promising varieties and breeding lines, the collection of lysine per unit area they have 12.7, 30.8 per cent was higher than that of the Promej class and 10.6-23.6% more than in the variety Yaromir, which indicates their high biological value. Selected hulless line 1137 h is also an encouraging source of protein and other nutrients of plant origin. The selected lines and new varieties, regardless of weather conditions, were able to ensure the production of high-protein and sources' grain for feed purposes, while maintaining productivity.

Study onGenetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance for Seed Yield and Component Traits in Rice

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
PUNIT KUMAR ◽  
VICHITRA KUMAR ARYA ◽  
PRADEEP KUMAR ◽  
LOKENDRA KUMAR ◽  
JOGENDRA SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A study on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for seed yield and component traits was made in 40 genotypes of riceduring kharif 2011-2012 at SHIATS, Allahabad. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the treatments for all the 13 traits under study.The genotypes namely CN 1446-5-8-17-1-MLD4 and CR 2706 recorded highest mean performance for panicles per hill and grain yield. The highest genotypic and phenotypic variances (VG and VP) were recorded for spikelets per panicle (3595.78 and 3642.41) followed by biological yield (355.72 and 360.62) and plant height (231.48 and 234.35).High heritability (broad sense) coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height, flag leaf length, panicles per hill, tillers per hill, days to maturity, spikelet’s per panicle, biological yield, harvest index, 1000 grain weight and grain yield, indicating that selection will be effective based on these traits because they were under the influence of additive and additive x additive type of gene action. Highest coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV) was recorded for tillers per hill (18.42% and 17.23%), panicle per hill (19.76 % and 18.68%), spikelet’s per panicle (34.30 and34.07 %), biological yield (28.31 % and 28.12 %), 1000 grain weight (15.57 % and 15 31 %) and grain yield (46.66% and 23.54 %), indicating that these traits are under the major influence of genetic control, therefore the above mentioned traits contributed maximum to higher grain yield compared to other traits, indicating grain yield improvement through the associated traits.

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