scholarly journals A Phono-Rhetorical Study of Oronyms in English

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Siham Mohammed Hasan Alkawwaz
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Production Mechanism ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
Linguistic Strategy ◽  
Rhetorical Study ◽  
Tv Shows ◽  
Rhetorical Model ◽  
Single Sequence

Oronym is a kind of wordplay where phrases that sound the same are comically used. This study investigates oronyms in English by analyzing their phonological aspects employed to make rhetorical effect, exploring their production mechanism, and constructing a phono-rhetorical model for analyzing them. Twelve examples of oronyms have been randomly taken from TV shows, songs, nursery rhymes, and books of jokes and fun with words. The main findings of the study have been: (1) Oronym is a rhetorical device that combines two ideas in a single sequence of words; (2) Oronyms are constructed on the basis of juncture by which the same sequence of sounds can form more than one morphemic structure; (3) juncture acts as a linguistic strategy consciously used to yield phonological ambiguity necessary for such type of wordplay; and (4) there are two main types of oronyms - Word-to-Phrase and Phrase-to-Phrase - that can be utilized vertically and horizontally. The significance of this study stems from its novelty and being an earnest endeavour to explore the linguistic features of oronyms comprehensively. It laid a theoretical foundation for promising future studies on oronyms even in other languages, especially in Arabic.   Received: 29 September 2020 / Accepted: 18 November 2020/ Published: 5 March 2021

Adaptive Collaboration Based on the E-CARGO Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibin Zhu ◽  
Ming Hou ◽  
Mengchu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Multi Agent Systems ◽  
Role Assignment ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Agent Systems ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Single Controller ◽  
Role Based

Adaptive Collaboration (AC) is essential for maintaining optimal team performance on collaborative tasks. However, little research has discussed AC in multi-agent systems. This paper introduces AC within the context of solving real-world team performance problems using computer-based algorithms. Based on the authors’ previous work on the Environment-Class, Agent, Role, Group, and Object (E-CARGO) model, a theoretical foundation for AC using a simplified model of role-based collaboration (RBC) is proposed. Several parameters that affect team performance are defined and integrated into a theorem, which showed that dynamic role assignment yields better performance than static role assignment. The benefits of implementing AC are further proven by simulating a “future battlefield” of remotely-controlled robotic vehicles; in this scenario, team performance clearly benefits from shifting vehicles (or roles) using a single controller. Related research is also discussed for future studies.

scholarly journals The Genre of Invective in Public Discourse

2020 ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Marina Kalinina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
General Public ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Verbal Abuse ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Tv Shows ◽  
Linguistic Means

The relevance of this research project lies in the increasing interest of the general public and professional linguists towards public discourse and the specific type of the communicative personality whose verbal behavior shakes up the normative framework and leads to violations of linguistic security. Such a speaker prefers non-normative linguistic means with the strongest communicative and stylistic charge, because they support her desire for self-expression and attract the attention of others; needless to say they often include invective. The rejection of normative expressive means is also due to the deliberate or spontaneous intention of the speaker to humiliate, ridicule, or offend the interlocutor and assert herself, which is much easier to do with invective vocabulary. Looking at the functions of the invective, its paralinguistic and linguistic features, and the intentions of the speakers, the article describes the invective genres of hating and flaming. Hating is viewed as a deliberate communicative action aimed at discrediting a person or at her social stigmatization. Flaming is characterized by spontaneity and is due to the speaker’s communicative emotionality, asociality, and propensity towards conflicts. The author determines risks of using verbal abuse, invective genres, and pejoratives in public discourse, emphasizing the importance of regulating these through relevant legislation, since, as experience shows, invective may become a form of expressing linguistic extremism and lead to physical violence. The author discusses the immediate need of introducing mandatory moderation (both automated and manual) of chats on social networks, forums, public websites, messengers, TV shows and other media in order to prevent negative consequences of invectizing public discourse and to ensure linguistic security for communication participants.

scholarly journals Content Analysis of Advertisements in Different Cultures

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Lazović
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Times ◽  
Different Cultures

Increasingly, advertising examples are being analyzed and used as yet another form of communication, on account of their ubiquity (e.g. billboards, Internet, television, magazines). Designed to compel us to purchase products, advertisements have the potential to greatly impact our lives. They show current trends in social preferences, they reveal cultural values and norms of the target audience and, finally, they can be the mirror of the times people live in. The purpose of this paper is to give a brief overview of the findings in previously carried–out research relating to cross–cultural content analysis of advertisements. The reports have addressed both linguistic and extra–linguistic features and trends in advertising and emphasized language– and culture–specific elements. This paper also gives ideas for future studies, since nowadays, due to international marketing and increasing globalization there are more cultural transfers to be explored, as cultures are coming in contact far more frequently.

Analysis of Cases Pertaining to the Impact of Western Technology on the Non-Western World

1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Lance ◽  
Edward McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Western World ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Analysis Of Cases ◽  
The Impact

Fifty cases of planned or semiplanned attempts to introduce change in the major developing areas of the world as reported in three casebooks of social change were analyzed in terms of (1) the objectives of the innovating, (2) the strategies or tactics incorporated in bringing about the changes; and (3) the success or failures of the innovations. Agricultural and therapeutic innovations were the most popular change goals, representing over half the cases. Participation, education, and utilitarianism were the major strategies used in producing the changes. Over half the cases were classified as failures. To overcome an apparent lack of theoretical foundation for the introduction of changes in the non-Western world evidenced by this analysis, the authors suggest that the applicability of exchange theory to applied anthropological cases be considered in future studies.

scholarly journals Equality of Learning Opportunity via Individual Fairness in Personalized Recommendations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Marras ◽  
Ludovico Boratto ◽  
Guilherme Ramos ◽  
Gianni Fenu
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Recommender Systems ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Individual Preferences ◽  
Content Recommendation ◽  
Traditional Institutions

AbstractOnline education platforms play an increasingly important role in mediating the success of individuals’ careers. Therefore, while building overlying content recommendation services, it becomes essential to guarantee that learners are provided with equal recommended learning opportunities, according to the platform principles, context, and pedagogy. Though the importance of ensuring equality of learning opportunities has been well investigated in traditional institutions, how this equality can be operationalized in online learning ecosystems through recommender systems is still under-explored. In this paper, we shape a blueprint of the decisions and processes to be considered in the context of equality of recommended learning opportunities, based on principles that need to be empirically-validated (no evaluation with live learners has been performed). To this end, we first provide a formalization of educational principles that model recommendations’ learning properties, and a novel fairness metric that combines them to monitor the equality of recommended learning opportunities among learners. Then, we envision a scenario wherein an educational platform should be arranged in such a way that the generated recommendations meet each principle to a certain degree for all learners, constrained to their individual preferences. Under this view, we explore the learning opportunities provided by recommender systems in a course platform, uncovering systematic inequalities. To reduce this effect, we propose a novel post-processing approach that balances personalization and equality of recommended opportunities. Experiments show that our approach leads to higher equality, with a negligible loss in personalization. This paper provides a theoretical foundation for future studies of learners’ preferences and limits concerning the equality of recommended learning opportunities.

scholarly journals Educação estatística na educação de jovens e adultos

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 514
Author(s):  
Márcio José Silva ◽  
Reinaldo Feio Lima ◽  
Pedro Franco de Sá
Keyword(s):  
Adult Education ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Statistical Education ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
De Se ◽  
Information And Communication

Resumo: Esta pesquisa tratou de um ensaio teórico a cerca da educação estatística na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), cujo objetivo foi detacar a necessidade de se trabalhar com os conteúdos de Estatística na EJA na perspectiva da Educação Estatística, quando o foco central está na aprendizagem a partir da realidade de vida do aluno. A metodologia usada teve como alicerse teórico, os estudos Severino (2007), sobre ensaio teórico. Os resultados encontrados apontaram indicios de que a Educação Estatística na EJA é relevante para aprendizagem do aluno, pois contribui para sua formaçaõ enquanto cidadão estatisticamente crítico e reflexivos, com habilidades de avaliar as informações estatísticas presentes no seu cotidiano. Esperamos, portanto, que a partir desse breve ensaio teórico, futuros estudos possam abordar com maior profundidade o tratamento de informação na EJA a partir do dia a dia do aluno através de atividades investigativas em sala de aula e do uso das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação Palavras-chave: Educação Estatística; Ensino de Estatística; EJA. Statistical education in youth and adult education Abstract: This research was a theoretical essay about statistical education in Youth and Adult Education (EJA), whose objective was to highlight the need to work with the contents of Statistics in EJA from the perspective of Statistical Education, when the central focus is in learning from the student's reality of life. The methodology used had as theoretical foundation, the studies Severino (2007), on theoretical essay. The results found indicated that Statistical Education in EJA is relevant to student learning, as it contributes to their formation as a statistically critical and reflective citizen, with the ability to evaluate the statistical information present in their daily lives. We hope, therefore, that from this brief theoretical essay, future studies will be able to address in more depth the treatment of information in EJA from the student's daily life through investigative activities in the classroom and the use of Information and Communication Technologies. Keywords: Statistical Education; Teaching Statistics; EJA.

scholarly journals Synchrony and perturbation transmission in trophic metacommunities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Quévreux ◽  
Matthieu Barbier ◽  
Michel Loreau
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Biomass Distribution ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Small Perturbations ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Species Responses

AbstractIn a world where natural habitats are ever more fragmented, the dynamics of meta-communities is essential to properly understand species responses to perturbations. If species’ populations fluctuate asynchronously, the risk of their simultaneous extinction is low, thus reducing the species’ regional extinction risk. We propose a metacommunity model consisting of two food chains connected by dispersal to study the transmission of small perturbations affecting populations in the vicinity of an equilibrium. We show that perturbing a species in one patch can lead to asynchrony between patches if the perturbed species is not the most affected by dispersal. Dispersal affects rare species the most, thus making biomass distribution critical to understand the response of trophic metacommunities to perturbations. We further partition the effect of each perturbation on species synchrony when several independent perturbations are applied. Our approach allows disentangling and predicting the responses of simple trophic metacommunities to perturbations, thus providing a theoretical foundation for future studies considering more complex spatial ecological systems.

scholarly journals Review of Research on Technology-Supported Cross-Cultural Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1402
Author(s):  
Rustam Shadiev ◽  
Xueying Wang ◽  
Ting-Ting Wu ◽  
Yueh-Min Huang
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Convergence Theory ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Content Creation ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Pre Service Teacher

Not many review studies have explored the theoretical foundation of cross-cultural learning or the curricula in the research they were reviewing. Furthermore, some review studies only superficially discussed the methodology and findings of the reviewed articles. To address these issues, we reviewed twenty-three studies on technology-supported cross-cultural learning published between 2014 and 2020. We aimed to summarize and analyze previous research in the following areas: (1) theoretical foundation, (2) curricula, (3) technologies, and (4) methodology and findings. Our results showed that the reviewed studies built their research framework based on diverse theoretical foundations; however, the most frequently used models were Byram’s model and the cultural convergence theory. Curricula had the following main focuses: (a) cross-cultural learning, (b) linguistic skills, and (c) pre-service teacher training. The most frequently used technologies were Skype, e-mail, and blogs. We found that most reviewed studies involved the collection of both qualitative and quantitative data. Finally, most of the reviewed studies reported on the role of technologies in facilitating cross-cultural learning, FL/SL learning, and pre-service teacher training. Based on our findings, several implications along with suggestions were prepared. Our findings demonstrated that results from most studies were positive regarding technological support of cross-cultural learning. Therefore, it is suggested that educators and researchers take these results into consideration when designing future studies on cross-cultural learning. Because many scholars did not report some important information, such as what theoretical foundation they built studies on or participants’ demographics, we suggest that such information needs to be included in their research articles as it can be helpful in informing future studies. We also suggest that participants in future studies use variety of technological tools for supporting communication and content creation during cross-cultural learning.

Tourists’ private social dining experiences

2021 ◽  
pp. 146879762098608
Author(s):  
Pearl MC Lin ◽  
Chihyung Michael Ok ◽  
Wai Ching Au
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Experience Economy ◽  
Entertainment Education ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Hierarchical Framework ◽  
Four Quadrant ◽  
Practical Implications

While private social dining has emerged as a new activity in the sharing economy, associated research is limited. This study aims to conceptualize tourists’ private social dining experiences by incorporating the concept of the experience economy with the sharing economy. Thematic analysis of 29 interviews unveiled a hierarchical framework, beginning with a personalized experience and leading to sensory experience before ending with emotional experience in private social dining settings. Seven identified emotional experiential domains were then situated within a four-quadrant framework to address how private social dining can enrich the four original experiential domains of the experience economy (i.e. entertainment, education, esthetic, and escapism) to trigger tourists’ emotional pleasure. These results lay a theoretical foundation for future studies and provide practical implications for the development of food tourism.

scholarly journals Origin of Non-Gaussian Velocity Distribution Found in Freestanding Graphene Membranes

Complexity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yue Kai ◽  
Wenlong Xu ◽  
Bailin Zheng ◽  
Nan Yang ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Physical Mechanism ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Kolmogorov Equation ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Entropy Principle ◽  
Non Gaussian ◽  
Analytic Derivation ◽  
Anomalous Dynamics ◽  
Graphene Membranes

In this study, an analytic derivation is made for the truncated Cauchy-Lorentz velocity distribution experimentally observed in freestanding graphene membranes. Three methods are used and discussed, including the Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equation, the maximum nonsymmetric entropy principle, and the Bayesian inference. From these results, a physical mechanism is provided for the non-Gaussian velocity distribution in terms of carbon atom arrangement in freestanding graphene. Moreover, a new theoretical foundation is proposed for future studies of the anomalous dynamics of carbon atoms in graphene membranes.

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