ACCUMULATION OF LEAD AND OTHER TOXIC METALS BY AQUATIC PLANTS

2018 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
I. V. Tropin ◽  
S. A. Ostroumov
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Background Concentration ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Elodea Densa

Three toxic metals-lead, copper and zinc - were measured in the biomass of the aquatic higher plants of Elodea densa. The method of atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used. Plants were incubated at elevated concentrations of three metals in the aqueous medium. This has led to a significant increase in lead content in plant biomass. Namely, the concentration of lead in biomass increased to 1567% compared to the background concentration of this element in the biomass in the control (the background concentration was taken as 100%). After incubation, the concentration of copper in the biomass was 594% of the background concentration. After similar incubation, zinc concentration was 133% of the background concentration. The results can be useful in the analysis of biological monitoring and water purification.

scholarly journals Smoking effect on the cadmium and zinc concentration in smokers and nonsmokers

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Cadmium In Urine ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cadmium Zinc

Studies have shown that cigarette smoking affects the accumulation of some heavy metals in certain tissues and metabolism of essential elements. The aim of the study was to determine the differences in the concentrations of cadmium in the blood and urine and zinc in the urine of smokers and ex-smokers in relation to non-smokers, and to determine the possible influence of cadmium concentration on zinc excretion as an essential element. The study included 106 subjects. Subjects were regular smokers (n=51), ex-smokers (n=38) and non-smokers (n=17). Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) with an electrothermal atomizer was used to determine cadmium. Zinc was determined by AAS with a flame atomizer. There was a significant difference in the values of cadmium in the blood between the groups: smokers and non-smokers (p<0.001), smokers and ex-smokers (p <0.001), and between ex-smokers and non-smokers (p = 0.045). There is a significant positive and strong correlation in the level of zinc and cadmium in urine per gram of creatinine, and as the level of cadmium increases, the level of zinc also increases (rho=0.781; p=0.001). The data indicate that cigarette smoking has been shown to be a factor that can increase cadmium levels to an extent that will significantly increase zinc excretion, or its increased loss.

scholarly journals Analisis Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L) pada Tanah yang Terakumulasi Logam Berat Cadmium (Cd) (Growth Analysis of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Accumulates Of Heavy Metal Cadmium(Cd) Soil)

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusdianti Kusdianti ◽  
Rini Solihat ◽  
Hafsah Hafsah ◽  
Eva Trisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry

Abstrak Pupuk dan pestisida kimiawi merupakan hal penting pada sistem budidaya tetapi jika  penggunaannya berlebih dapat meningkatkan kandungan logam berat kadmium  (Cd) dalam tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pertumbuhan tanaman kentang (Solanum  tuberosum L.) pada tanah yang terakumulasi logam berat kadmium. Sampel tanaman berasal dari lokasi pertanian kentang Pangalengan Jawa Barat. Parameter yang diukur yaitu kandungan klorofil, biomassa, kandungan logam kadmium dalam tanah dan umbi kentang. Kandungan kadmium dalam sampel tanah dan umbi kentang diukur dengan menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan kadmiumpada lahan pertanian kentang telah melebihi ambang batas. Kadmium terakumulasi dalam umbi kentang, tetapi masih berada di bawah ambang batas. Klorofil, berat kering, dan berat basah mengalami kenaikan setiap minggunya (4-10 Minggu Setelah Tanam). Adanya logam kadmium  yang diserap oleh tanaman kentang dapat menghambat pembentukan  klorofil sehingga akan mempengaruhi biomassa tanaman. Kata kunci: klorofil, biomassa, kentang, kadmium Abstract Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are important in the culture system but if the excessive usage may increase the content of heavy metals cadmium ( Cd ) in the soil. This study aims to analyze the growth of the potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) on the ground that accumulate heavy metals cadmium. Plant samples derived from potato farming locations Pangalengan West Java.The parameters are chlorophyll content, biomass, cadmium  content in soil and potato tubers. The content of cadmium in soil and potato tuber samples were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed cadmium content in potato farms has exceeded the threshold. Cadmium accumulates in potato tubers, but still below the threshold. Chlorophyll, dry and fresh weight increase every week (4-10 Weeks After Planting). The presence of the metal cadmium is absorbed by the potato can inhibit the formation of chlorophyll that will affect plant biomass . Keywords: chlorophyll, biomass, potatoes, cadmium

scholarly journals Assessment of the Levels of Potentially Toxic Metals in Selected Poultry Feeds Sold in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Potentially Toxic Metals ◽  
Allowable Limit ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Feed Samples

Eight (8) selected poultry feed samples from four (4) different brands namely; Hybrid, Chikun, Amo Byng and Vital were purchased from Makurdi Metropolis. The samples (HS, HF, CS, CF, ABS, ABF, VS and VF) denote Hybrid starter, Hybrid finisher, Chikun Starter, Chickun Finisher, Amo Byng Starter, Amo Byng Finisher, Vital Starter and Vital Finisher respectively. Toxic metals content was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry and expressed in mg/kg. The results showed that Cd was only present in CF (0.80). Chromium was found only in ABS (15.4) and ABF (34.9). The concentration of Cu in (HS, HF, CS, CF, ABS, ABF, VS and VF) was 10.3, 15.0, 24.7, 27.9, 6.90, 9.70, 4.70 and 5.20 respectively. The concentration of Fe in (HS, HF, CS, CF, ABS, ABF, VS and VF) was 338,378, 307, 273, 389, 289, 398 and 405 respectively. The concentrations of Mn in (HS, HF, CS, CF, ABS, ABF, VS and VF) were 103, 95.3, 110, 97.4, 94.0, 103, 25.8 and 77.9 respectively. Lead was not detected in all the samples. The concentrations of Zn in (HS, HF, CS, CF, ABS, ABF, VS and VF) were 78.6, 75.1, 156, 177, 100, 67.2, 5.1 and 96.5 respectively. Copper, Fe, Mn, and Zn were the most abundant toxic metals found in the poultry feed samples. Lead was generally below the allowable limit. Chromium in ABS and ABF was higher than the permissible level. The concentrations of Fe, Mn and Zn in all the feeds were found to be above the limits. Copper found in ABS, ABF, VS and VF was within the limits permitted but levels in CS and CF were far above the limit. The concentrations of most of the trace elements were found to be higher than recommended levels which may pose some environmental and health risk if not properly regulated.

Toxic Metals in the Crude Propolis and Its Transfer Rate to the Ethanolic Extract

Sociobiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo De Oliveira Orsi ◽  
Daniel Cavalcante Brambila Barros ◽  
Roney De Carvalho Machedo Silva ◽  
João Vitor de Queiroz ◽  
Wellington Luiz de Paula Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Ethanolic Extract Of Propolis

Concentrations of six toxic metals (Ni, Cr, Hg, Cd, Pb and Sn) in 106 samples of Brazilian crude propolis and the transfer rate of these contaminants to ethanolic extract of propolis were evaluated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results show the presence of all the analyzed metals in the samples of crude propolis of São Paulo and Minas Gerais States. Regarding the transfer of these metals to ethanolic extract of propolis, a significant reduction was observed for all metals analyzed. The crude propolis can be considered as an indicator of toxic metals in the environment and the reduction observed in the ethanolic extract of propolis makes the product safe for consumption.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF ZINC AND CADMIUM IN ANTI-DANDRUFF SHAMPOOS AVAILABLE AT THE LIBYAN MARKET BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fouziya Mabrouk Samhoud ◽  
Entesar Emhamed Abouglaida ◽  
Munsif Abubakr Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption

The present study is carried out to measure zinc and cadmium in twenty samples of anti-dandruff shampoo products commercially available in the localcosmetic markets in Libya. Detection of zinc and cadmium were done by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (FAAS) method. The results showed that cadmium concentration ranged between 0.017 and 9.37 mg.kg−1 while zinc concentration ranged between 25.9mg kg−1and 8300mg.kg−1. These measurements indicated that cadmium and zinc contents in the investigated samples were higher than WHO limits; suggesting that chronological use of these shampoo products would impose serious health risks to human users. Therefore, quality control and concentration optimism should be implemented to assure the safety of cosmetic products. This also can be achieved by improving the processing and manufacturing practices in the industry.

Analysis of Lead Heavy Metal (Pb) Contamination on Matte Lipstick Preparations for Sale in Banda Aceh City Aceh Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizki Andalia ◽  
Mulia Aria Suzanni ◽  
Rini Rini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Pb Contamination ◽  
Body Organ ◽  
Banda Aceh

Lipstick or lip dye is a cosmetic dose that serves to coloring, decorative the lips, as a moisturizing material and protect the lips from exposure the sun to provide optimum results. Lipstick should not contain chemicals such as lead (Pb) because the Pb is a heavy metal that is very dangerous when continuously used on the skin, because it will be absorbed into the blood and attack the body organ causing the onset of disease. According to BPOM that the lead rate on the lipstick does not exceed the permissible limit of 20 mg/kg or 20 ppm.This research aims to know the levels contained in the samples are 4 brands of matte lipstick that are sold in the Aceh market in Banda Aceh City with the method of atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that on the 4 brands of lipstick matte contain heavy metal lead (Pb) with a rate still qualified allowed by BPOM  is samples A, B, C, and D, respectively at 0.24 ppm; 0.10 ppm; 2.87 ppm and 1.32 ppm, so that the 4 brands of lipstick matte are still used.

Analisis Kandungan Mikroba, Formalin, dan Timbal (Pb) pada Tahu Sumedang yang Dijual Di Daerah Macet Cicurug, Ciawi, dan Cisarua Jawa Barat

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 087
Author(s):  
Rosy Hutami ◽  
M Fakih Kurniawan ◽  
Henna Khoerunnisa
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
Aas Method

Sumedang tofu is one of favorite foods for Indonesian society. But many sellers or producers are not aware to the food safety of sumedang tofu. The aims of this study were to analyze the microbial, formalin, and lead (Pb) contents in ready-to-eat sumedang tofu which were sold in traffic jams area in Cicurug, Ciawi, and Cisarua. The analysis were carried out by Total Plate Count (TPC) testing for microbial analysis, potassium permanganate reaction (KMnO4) testing for formaldehyde analysis, and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) method for lead content analysis in the samples. The results obtained for the microbial analysis were sumedang tofu that were sold in the traffic jam areas of Cicurug, Ciawi, and Cisarua contained contaminant above the treshold (1.4 x 105 colonies / gram to 2.2 x 105 colonies / gram of microbes). All of the samples of sumedang tofu were positive containing formaldehyde. Otherwise, there were no lead (Pb) content in all samples regarding to AAS analysis. This study concluded that the ready-to-eat sumedang tofu those were sold in traffic jam area in the Cicurug, Ciawi, and Cisarua were not suitable for consumption because it contained exceed microbial contamination and formalin which are harmful for human health.Keywords : formalin, microbes, sumedang tofu, lead, traffic jam

Assessment of heavy metals in tobacco of cigarettes commonly sold in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cigarette Tobacco ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Wet Digestion ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Significant Flux

A significant flux of heavy metals, among other toxins, reaches the lungs through smoking. This study reports Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn contents in tobacco of 11 brands of cigarette commonly sold in Ethiopia. The heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry after wet digestion of cigarette tobacco using HNO3 and H2O2. The concentration of trace metals in the cigarettes ranged (mean) (μg/g), Cd: 1.3−7.6 (2.48±0.32), Pb: 0.50−12.50 (6.24±2.2), Cu: 2.89−25.35 (13.70±4.12) and Zn: 24.40−62.55 (36.22±7.50) while Ni was not detected in all the eleven brands of cigarettes. Comparable levels of trace metals were obtained in the tobacco of both imported and Ethiopian cigarettes. The average trace metal contents of cigarettes available in Ethiopia were Cd 1.82±0.39, Pb 4.23±0.97, Cu 10.2±3.1 and Zn 28.2±7.8 μg/cigarette and a person who smokes 20 cigarettes per day is estimated to increase his/her daily Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn retention by approximately 0.036, 0.085, 0.204, 0.564 mg/day, respectively. The results indicate that smoking and exposure to cigarette smoke is a serious problem to be taken into account when carrying out epidemiological studies on human exposure to trace metals.

PENURUNAN KONSENTRASI LOGAM Pb2+ DAN Cd2+ PADA LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI SASIRANGAN DENGAN METODE FITOREMEDIASI

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Bella Santa Rossi ◽  
Paryanti Paryanti ◽  
Yuli Ristianingsih ◽  
Abubakar Tuhuloula
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry

Pewarnaan pada proses produksi kain sasirangan menghasilkan limbah yang mengandung logam berat, diantaranya adalah timbal (Pb2+) dan kadmium (Cd2+). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh proses fitoremediasi terhadap konsentrasi logam Pb2+ dan Cd2+ dari limbah cair industri sasirangan di Kalimantan Selatan, serta mengetahui pertambahan berat basah eceng gondok. Eceng gondok yang sudah dibersihkan dan diaklimatisasi ditanam dalam reaktor berisi larutan limbah dengan konsentrasi 3% (v/v); 9% (v/v); dan 15% (v/v). Sampel diambil setiap 2 hari sekali sebanyak 100 ml dan dianalisis menggunakan AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam Pb2+ dan Cd2+ dalam limbah setelah proses fitoremediasi terjadi penurunan. Kadar Pb2+ pada konsentrasi 3% (v/v) semula 0,197 ppm menjadi 0,062 ppm, pada konsentrasi 9% (v/v) semula 0,200 ppm menjadi 0,077 ppm dan untuk 15% (v/v) adalah 0,225 ppm menjadi 0,093 ppm. Sedangkan untuk Cd2+ konsentrasi 3% (v/v) semula 0,110 ppm menjadi 0,059 ppm, konsentrasi 9% (v/v) adalah 0,127 ppm menjadi 0,045 ppm dan untuk konsentrasi 15% (v/v) semula 0,144 ppm menjadi 0,047 ppm.

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