scholarly journals Physicochemical basis of resistance in certain green gram genotypes to pulse bruchid, Calloso bruchus chinensis (L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 231-242
Author(s):  
Kavitha G ◽  
Mahalakshmi MS ◽  
K. Bayyapu Reddy ◽  
Y. Pushpa Reni ◽  
K. Radhika
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
100 Seed Weight

A study was conducted to know the influence of physical and biochemical parameters on development of the pulse bruchid in green gram at RARS, Lam during 2017-18. The physical parameters of seed viz., colour, shape, surface texture, seed length and width, seed coat hardness and 100 seed weight and biochemical parameters such as protein content, phenol content and total sugars were evaluated for twelve genotypes of greengram. The greengram genotypes with smooth texture, oblong or globose shape and light coloured seed might be less preferred by the pulse bruchid for egg laying. The data showed that genotypes having low sugar and protein contents and high phenol content were resistant to pulse bruchid. The correlation studies showed that biological parameters i.e., number of eggs, adult emergence and growth index had significant positive association with protein content, sugar content, moisture content and electrical conductivity and negative correlation phenol content, 100 seed weight and seed coat hardness. In contrast, mean development period had negative association with protein content, sugar content, electrical conductivity and moisture content and positive correlation with phenol content, 100 seed weight and seed coat hardness. Multiple linear regression studies revealed that all the physical and biochemical properties of seed together were contributing to a large and significant variation (65 to 87 %) in growth parameters of pulse bruchid.

Protein content exhibits a significant positive correlation with seed weight in chickpea germplasm collection

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan L. Kulwal ◽  
Laxman B. Mhase
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Novel Alleles ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important food legume crop grown mostly in Asia and Africa as well as in other parts of the world, and serves as an important source of protein in the diets of vegetarian people. Lot of variation in grain quality traits has been observed in cultivated chickpea in both desi and Kabuli types. It has often been observed that seeds with smaller size have more protein when compared with those with larger size. The joint dependence of these two traits on the same primary characteristics results in this negative relationship. This negative correlation coupled with breeding efforts aimed at increasing grain yield has hampered the progress of improving these two traits simultaneously. Therefore, a germplasm exhibiting wider variability for these quantitative traits is an important resource for the identification of novel alleles. Herein, we report the wide variation observed for five important quantitative traits including days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, 100-seed weight and protein content, and also report the significant positive correlation observed between 100-seed weight and protein content in a diverse collection of chickpea germplasm comprising both desi and Kabuli types.

Agronomic performance of seven pea (Pisum sativum) genotypes with five sowing dates in sandy soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-347
Author(s):  
H. Hanaa ◽  
E. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
The Other ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

A field experiment was conducted at the Agriculture Faculty Farm of Sebha University during the 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 winter seasons to study the agronomic performance of seven pea genotypes with different sowing dates in sandy soil. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) using a split-plot arrangement with three replicates. The five sowing dates (30 October, 15 November, 30 November, 15 December and 30 December) were assigned to the main plots, while the seven pea genotypes (Ambassador, Pollon, MG130256, G22765-2c, 89-P-109-11, No. 252, Victory Freezer and Master B) were allocated to the sub-plots. The sowing dates had a significant effect on all the studied traits except seed protein content in both seasons. Early sowing (15 November) was better than the other sowing dates for all the traits except 100-seed weight. There were significant differences between the pea genotypes for all the traits in the two growing seasons. The Victory Freezer genotype surpassed the other genotypes for all traits except number of branches plant-1 in the second season, 100-seed weight and seed protein content. The highest values for number of branches plant−1 in the second season and for seed protein content were obtained for the G22765-2c genotype, while the maximum values of 100-seed weight were recorded for the MG130256 genotype. A significant interaction between sowing dates and pea genotypes was detected for the length of the period from emergence to initial flowering, number of pods plant−1, seed yield plant−1 and seed yield ha-1 in both seasons. The longest period from emergence to initial flowering was obtained for the Victory Freezer pea variety sown on 30 November, while the highest values of pods plant−1, seed yield plant−1 and seed yield ha−1 were gained by sowing the Victory Freezer pea genotype on 15 November.

Biochemical Factors Associated with Resistance to Spotted Pod Borer, Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) in Green Gram

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Kumar Singh ◽  
P. S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Maruca Vitrata ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Pod Borer

Background: Legume pod borer or spotted pod borer, Maruca vitrata is one of the serious insect pest to the green gram, which causes damage mainly at the reproductive phase of the crop growth. The larvae of spotted pod borer are known to cause damage by webbing the leaves, bud, flower and pods together and feed from inside on them. Due to its webbing nature, it is very difficult to enter inside by natural enemies and chemicals cannot directly reach inside webbing. Host plant resistance to insect pests is an economically and ecologically preferred alternative as compared to other pest management tactics, particularly the synthetic pesticides. The present investigation was undertaken to examine the role of certain bio-chemical constituents of the immature pods of green gram in the expression of damage by the spotted pod borer. Methods: The experiments on screening were conducted during the kharif 2014 and 2015 at the Agricultural Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, (U.P.) to define the occurrence of M. vitrata on 20 promising varieties/genotypes of green gram. Pods were collected at the immature stage from different varieties/genotypes and biochemical constituents such as total soluble sugar, total chlorophyll, protein were estimated. Result: The maximum protein content was found in genotype IPM 306-6 (36.17 mg/g) and minimum in genotype PM-5 (20.53 mg/g). Highest total sugar content was reported from genotype ML 1256 (16.71 mg/g) and lowest total sugar content was recorded in PM-5 (10.94 mg/g).The phenol content in genotype PM-5 (9.00 mg/g) was significantly higher than others whereas, the minimum phenol content was reported in IPM 306-6 (5.14 mg/g). The higher amount of total chlorophyll content found in genotype IPM 306-6 (3.22 mg/g) and lowest in PM-5 (1.85 mg/g). The significant and positive correlation was observed between M. vitrata larval population, pod damage and protein (r=0.954** and r=0.952**, respectively) and total sugar content (r=0.986** and r=0.986**, respectively) and total chlorophyll content (r=0.994** and r=0.993**, respectively) in immature pods, while, the significant and negative correlation was found between phenol (r= -0.916** and r= -0.919**, respectively).

scholarly journals Seed Quality of Stored Soybean (Glycine max L.) as Influenced by Storage Containers and Storage Periods

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Akter ◽  
MM Haque ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
KM Alam
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Storage Containers

An experiment was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during April 2013 to June 2013 to study the effect of three storage containers (tin container, polythene bag and cloth bag); and five storage periods (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 days) on the seed quality of soybean. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. The soybean seeds stored in tin container showed maximum germination capacity with high germination index, highest seedling growth, seedling dry weight per plant and vigour index. The seeds stored in cloth bag had the lowest seed quality during the testing period. The highest 1000-seed weight, moisture content, electrical conductivity, abnormal seedlings and number of dead seeds were recorded in cloth bag; where the equivalent lowest values were recorded in tin container. The moisture content, 1000-seed weight, electrical conductivity, number of abnormal seedlings and dead seeds were increased with the longer period of storage. In addition, germination index, seedling growth, dry weight per plant of soybean seedling, and vigor index decreased with the increase in storage period. Among the three containers, tin container was the best and the cloth bag was the worst storage container for soybean seed storage for long period. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19585 The Agriculturists 2014; 12(1) 85-95

A preliminary investigation of cultivated and wild species of Luffa for oil and protein contents

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Prakash ◽  
Jalli Radhamani ◽  
Anjula Pandey ◽  
Sangita Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Major Cluster ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Edible Seed ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Seeds of wild and cultivated species of Luffa were studied to determine the variability in morphological (seed size, colour, seed-coat surface and 100-seed weight) and biochemical (oil and protein) characteristics. A total of 80 accessions of three cultivated species (71 accessions) and three wild species (9 accessions) of Luffa under the present investigation from diverse regions (12 states of five regions) of India showed variations in seed size, colour, seed-coat surface, 100-seed weight, and seed protein and oil contents both within the accessions of the same species and between different species. Significant variability in seed morphological traits was observed. Both seed oil and soluble seed protein contents were highest in some accessions of the cultivated species (25–27% oil and 8–10% protein, respectively, on a fresh seed weight basis). Using the 2D scatter plot diagram derived from the principal components analysis, the morphological and biochemical traits of the 80 Luffa accessions classified the wild species into one cluster (cluster I) and the cultivated species into a second major cluster (cluster II). The present investigation on the correlation between seed morphology and biochemical traits in the cultivated and wild species of Luffa can help in identifying the genotypes of Luffa species with valuable traits for further exploring the potential of this valuable crop as a source of edible oil, food and fodder in edible seed types or as a source of industrial oil/biodiesel in non-edible seed types. The protein-rich seed could be further explored to be utilized in the fortification of food products for value addition.

scholarly journals Natural Variation for Seed Physical, Biochemical and Culinary traits in Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iram Saba, ◽  
Parvaze A. Sofi, ◽  
Kandoliya* U. K. ◽  
Baba Z.A
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Time Score ◽  
Swelling Coefficient ◽  
Absorption Percentage

<p>Twenty genotypes of common bean including 17 breeding lines were evaluated for various seed physical, nutritional and culinary traits viz., seed colour, seed shape, seed brilliance, seed coat pattern, seed length, seed breadth and seed weight, traits protein content, phytic acid, raffinose, water absorption percentage, coat percentage, swelling and hydration coefficient as well as cooking score. Most of the genotypes were kidney shaped with plain seed coat and medium seed brilliance. Among biochemical traits, highest protein content was recorded for  Arka Anoop (22.15 %) followed by WB-341 (21.45 %), WB-216 (21.16 %) and WB-249 (20.99).  Low phytic acid was recorded in WB-970 (0.440 %), WB-258 (0.968 %) and WB-102 (1.068 %).  Low values for raffinose was recorded for WB-102 (3.800 mg/g) followed by WB-482 (3.833 mg/g). Highest water absorption percentage was recorded for WB-249 (136.363), Arka Anoop (131.818) and SFB-1 (126.923). The swelling coefficient was highest in case of WB-642 (300.000), WB-249 (266.667) and WB-335 (250.000) whereas lowest values for swelling coefficient were recorded in case of WB-341 (114.285), WB-216 (145.454) and WB-1006 (124.554). Among correlations between various seed physical, biochemical and culinary traits, raffinose was positively and significantly correlated with phytic acid. Phytic acid was also significantly and positively correlated with protein, coat proportion and 100-seed weight. Coat proportion was negatively correlated water absorption percentage, swelling coefficient, hydration coefficient as well as cooking time score. Cooking time score was positively correlated with hydration and swelling coefficients as well as seed weight but negatively correlated with coat proportion. </p>

Evaluation of diverse germplasm of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] against bruchid [Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.)] and correlation with physical and biochemical parameters of seed

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Kuldeep Tripathi ◽  
T. V. Prasad ◽  
R. Bhardwaj ◽  
S. K. Jha ◽  
D. P. Semwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Seed Hardness

AbstractThe current study was undertaken to identify the sources of tolerance to bruchid in cowpea, by screening a set of germplasm accessions as a source for natural resistance. A total of 103 diverse accessions of cowpea were evaluated for resistance to Callosobruchus maculatus Fab. under no-choice artificial infestation conditions. Significant differences among the cowpea accessions were observed for oviposition, adult emergence, exit holes and per cent seed weight loss (PSWL) caused by the bruchid infestation. The accessions showed variation in physical seed parameters viz., colour, shape, testa texture, length, width and seed hardness. Among the seed biochemical parameters studied, per cent sugar content ranged from 0.322 (IC330950) to 1.493 (IC249137), and per cent phenol content ranged from 0.0326 (EC390261) to 1.081 (EC528423). Correlation studies indicated that PSWL had significant positive correlation (r = 0.335) with exit holes, oviposition (r = 0.219), adult emergence (r = 0.534) and seed roundness (r = 0.219). Adult emergence had a significant negative correlation with seed hardness (r = −0.332). Correlation with biochemical parameters indicated that PSWL had a significant positive correlation (r = 0.231) with sugar content and a significant negative correlation with phenol content (r = −0.219). None of the accessions were found to be immune to bruchid infestation. However, out of studied accessions, EC528425 and EC528387 were identified as resistant based on PSWL and moderately resistant based on adult emergence. These resistance sources of cowpea germplasm can be used as potential donors for development of bruchid tolerant/resistant cultivars.

scholarly journals Response of pigeonpea to season, halopriming and plant bioregulators intervention in relation to plant physiology and yield potential

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Vanitha ◽  
M. Kathiravan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

Pigeonpea seeds were primed with CaCl2 (2%), ZnSO4 (100 ppm), KH2PO4 (1%), KCl (1%), MnSO4 (100 ppm) and water. Primed seeds of ZnSO4 showed increased germination (92 %), drymatter production (0.399 mg seedlings-10) and least values for electrical conductivity (0.110 dSm-1), leachate aminoacid (37.82 mg g-1) and lipid peroxidation (0.137 OD). The best priming treatment was taken to field trial. The plant bioregulators viz., GA3 (200 ppm), NAA (200 ppm), miraculan 2.0 ml/l, cytozyme 2.0 ml/l, CCC 200 ppm and diammonium phosphate 2% were sprayed at 65 days and 80 days after sowing. Under field trial seed priming with ZnSO4 (100 ppm) and foliar spray with CCC 200 ppm reduced the plant height (131 cm), produced more number of branches (18), flowers (993), pods (527), highest seed yield (1520 kg/ha) and 100 seed weight (8.77 g) in kharif season.

scholarly journals Effect of Land Configuration and Weed Management on Yield and Yield Attributes of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L)

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
S K Sharma ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Kuldeep Singh ◽  
Naveen Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Method Of Planting ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches ◽  
Plot Design

To study the effect of land configuration and weed management on yield and yield attributes of green gram, a field experiment was conducted at Hisar during kharif 2016 in strip plot design with four replications. Ridge method of planting recorded significantly higher number of branches plant-1, seeds pod-1, 100 seed weight and seed yield in comparison to flat method of planting. Among the weed management practices, application of pendimethalin 30 EC @ 1.0 kg/ha-PE fb imazethapyr 10 % SL @ 55 g/ha at 15-20 DAS recorded significantly higher number of branches plant-1, seeds pod-1, pods plant-1 and 100 seed weight compared to weedy check. Similarly the same treatment recorded higher yield to the tune of 236, 48 and 18 % over weedy check, pendimethalin 30 EC @ 1.0 kg/ha-PE and Imazethapyr 10 % SL@ 55 g/ha at 15-20 DAS, respectively. Highest net returns (` 24632/ha), BC ratio (2.15) and weed control efficiency (94 %) was also recorded when pendimethalin 30 EC @ 1.0 kg/ha-PE fb imazethapyr 10 % SL @ 55 g/ha at 15-20 DAS of green gram crop was applied.

scholarly journals Germinação de sementes armazenadas de Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Girlânio Holanda Silva ◽  
Lenise Santos Baldini ◽  
Camila Aquino Tomaz ◽  
Rubiana Falopa Rossi ◽  
João Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Belamcanda Chinensis ◽  
China And Japan ◽  
One Year ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The leopard lily (Belamcanda chinensis) is an exotic ornamental Iridaceae in Brazil and cultivated as a medicinal plant in its countries of origin (China and Japan). It is propagated by rhizomes and seeds; however, the viability of these seeds after storage remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the germinability of stored B. chinensis seeds. Seeds harvested between March and April 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013 were separated by year and stored in paper bags in a room without relative humidity and temperature control. Seeds from these four years were analyzed for moisture content, 100-seed weight and germination index. The freshly harvested seeds (2013) and those stored for one year (2012) exhibited 72% and 41% germination, respectively, and 80% and 47% primary root emission at the end of 20 weeks. However, seeds stored for two and three years (2010 and 2011) didnot germinate. B. chinensis seeds remained viable for up to one year of storage.

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