scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant Properties of Gum Extract From The Carob (Ceratonia silique L.) Plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Marwah T. G. Al-Ameri ◽  
Amera K. Nasser
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ferrous Ion ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Active Substances

The experiment was conducted in the laboratories of the College of Agriculture, University of Basra, for the period from 22/9/2019 to 25/ 11/2019. The current study aims to extract gum from the carob fruits, to determine the active substances and the possibility of using them as antioxidants. The results showed that the gum of the fruits of the carob plant contains all the active compounds under study, which included Alkaloids, Phenols, Flavonoids, Glycosides, Steroids, Tannins, Resins, Saponins and Coumarins. The results also showed that the gum of the fruits of the carob plant showed antioxidant activity of about 84.55 % when used at a concentration of 0.2 %, while the average antioxidant efficacy of the industrial compound Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT) and Ascorbic acid was about 93.43 %, 91.12 % at the same concentration. The Reductive power were about 73.20 % and 83.30 % with a concentration of 0.1 % and 0.2 % respectively, which was comparable to the effect of industrial antioxidants (BHT) and ascorbic acid with a concentration of 0.2 %, which was 91.40 % and 90.70 %, respectively. In addition, the gum of the fruits of the carob plant has the potential to sweep hydrogen peroxide with a capacity similar to ascorbic acid and without significant difference (p≤0.05), reaching 41 % and 50 % for concentrations 0.1 % and 0.2 %, respectively, while ascorbic acid reached 45 % with the presence of moral differences with the industrial antioxidant (BHT) in its susceptibility to the sweep of hydrogen peroxide at 73 %. The results also showed that the gum of the fruits of the carob plant is able to bind to the Ferrous ion and this portability increased with the increased concentration of gum to reach its highest average of 43.19 % at the concentration of 0.2 % while the average Ferrous ion for antioxidant (EDTA 2Na) was 55.48 %.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CHLOROPHYLL

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipti Acharya ◽  
Umesh Kumar Gilhotra ◽  
Ranjan Singh ◽  
Himanshu Rajpurohit ◽  
Ajay Gar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Methanolic Solution ◽  
Ic50 Value

Antioxidant play an important role to protect damage caused oxidative stress (OS).Chlorophyll having phenolic contents are reported to possess antioxidant properties. The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant properties of methanolic solution from Super Chlorophyll. Objective: The main objective of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the chlorophyll in different validated in vitro models. Methods: The antioxidant activities of methanolic solution were evaluated by in vitro standard method using UV-Spectrophotometer. The antioxidant activity were determined bt total antioxidant capacity, DPPH (1-1-diphennyl-2-picrylhydrzine) radical scavenging assay, Nitric Oxide scavenging assay and Hydrogen Peroxide scavenging assay methods. Result: The solution of Chlorophyll was studied for antioxidant potential. Ascorbic acid was used as standard. This method is simple and activity of the solution is reported in term of IC50 value. Antioxidant properties depend on the IC50 value. Lesser the IC50 value, more is the antioxidant activity. Chlorophyll showed good antioxidant activity. Conclusion:  In case of in vitro antioxidant activity, Chlorophyll scavenged DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide radicals significantly, showed IC50 values near to standard ascorbic acid, thus proving to have good antioxidant potential. Keywords: Oxidative stress, DPPH, Antioxidant, Super chlorophyll.

scholarly journals Synthesis of some novel 3- (4-ethoxyphenyl) -5- (4-substituted) -4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole derivatives as potent antioxidant agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1571-1577
Author(s):  
Lakshminarayanan B ◽  
Kannappan N ◽  
Subburaju T ◽  
Kalaichelvan V K
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Ic50 Value

Pyrazolines are the most useful heterocyclic moiety in Pharmaceutical and Chemical fields and as the most potential molecules for the design of new chemical entities. Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, pyrazolines and their derivatives showed a variety of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant properties. In the present study, eleven novel ethoxylated pyrazoline derivatives were synthesized by condensing chalcones with electron releasingethoxy group at one end and different electron-donating, electron-withdrawing groups in another end with hydrazine hydrate andalcohol. The compounds synthesized were structural elucidated by their spectroscopic studies. All the compounds synthesized were evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant potential by 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)and hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging assay methods.Some of these molecules possess moderate to good antioxidant activitywhen compared to standard ascorbic acid. The compound with methoxy group (EH2) exhibits potent antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 9.02 and 9.44µg/ml in DPPH and hydrogen peroxide assay method respectively and the compound with hydroxy group (EH9) also showed potent antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 12.41 and 14.56µg/ml in DPPH and hydrogen peroxide free radical scavengingassay method respectively when compared to standard. The compounds containing electron-donating substituents were found to be good antioxidantswhen compared to standard ascorbic acid.

scholarly journals In vitro antioxidant activity of meniran (Phyllantus urinaria) functional drink in human low density lipoprotein (LDL)

2021 ◽  
Vol 913 (1) ◽  
pp. 012093
Author(s):  
U Fitrotin ◽  
N Hilmiati ◽  
Mardiana ◽  
Y Triguna ◽  
A Surahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ldl Oxidation ◽  
Functional Drink

Abstract Preparation process for meniran (Phillantus urinaria) functional drink (MFD) influences its antioxidant activity. This research aims to understand the phenolic content, DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity (RSA), and LDL oxidation of MFD through various preparation processes. Those preparation processes included soaking fresh meniran (SFM), boiling fresh meniran for 5 minutes (BFM5’), boiling fresh meniran for 10 minutes (BFM10’), and soaking dried meniran (DM). The phenolic content was determined with Folin–Ciocalteu, antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH and TBARS assay with LDL as the oxidation substrate. An antioxidant references in this research used ascorbic acid. The phenolic content in methods of SFM, BFM5’, BFM10’ and DM were 122±0.022, 182±0.043, 192 ±0.03, and 117 ±0.019 mg GAE/g of meniran respectively. Meanwhile, the DPPH RSA of SFM, BFM5’, BFM10’ and DM accounted for 82.18±0.35, 86.19±0.53, 86.75±0.64 and 69.96% respectively. As comparison, the DPPH RSA of ascorbic acid 50 ppm is 75.65±0.82%. At the same time the optimum inhibition of TBARS formation from BFM5’ and BFM10’ methods were 45.83 % and 48.66%, with MDA concentration in human LDL accounted for 38.30±2.39 and 36.30±1.82 nmol MDA/mg protein, respectively. As comparison, MDA concentration in human LDL added with ascorbic acid 25 ppm accounted for 41.35±2.41 nmol MDA/mg protein. In contrast, the control human LDL was 70.70±2.35 nmol MDA/mg protein. This study concludes that the BFM5’ and BFM10’ methods showed the highest antioxidant properties compared to other methods. All methods showed that MFD extract in concentration more than 25 ppm increased the concentration of MDA in human LDL. Therefore, to produce meniran functional drink in optimum antioxidant properties is best by using BFM5’ and BFM10’ preparation methods in meniran concentration of not more than 25 ppm.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Fe2+ Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Rats Brain by Extract of Euphorbia heterophylla in vitro

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Leye Jonathan Babatola ◽  
Oluwakemisola B. Oshanimi ◽  
Olanrewaju M. Oluba ◽  
Lawrence Okoror ◽  
Adewale Agboola Odutuga
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Significant Difference

This study is sought to determine the antioxidant activity and protective ability of aqueous and methanol extractible phytochemicals from Euphorbia heterophylla leaves on lipid peroxidation induced in rat brain by pro-oxidant, in vitro. The extracts of the leaves were prepared, and the ability of the extracts is to inhibit 25 µM FeSO4 induced lipid peroxidation in isolated rats’ brain, were determined. Thereafter, total phenol content, reducing power (FRAP), Fe (II) chelating, and DPPH* free radical scavenging ability of the extracts was determined and considered as an index of antioxidant activity. The results revealed that the extracts inhibit malondialdehyde (MDA) production in the basal and pro-oxidant induced lipid peroxidised rats in a dose-dependent manner, [methanol 80.11%, aqueous 70.3%] with the methanol extract (MEE) significantly (P< 0.05) than that of aqueous extract (AEE). The methanol extract (0.74 ± 0.6 mg/g) had higher total phenol contents than the aqueous (0.57 ± 1.2 mg/g); likewise the methanol extract had higher reducing power (0.08 ± 0.2, 0.03 ± 0.1 mg/g), but had no significant difference in Fe (II) chelating ability (EC50= 0.34, 0.36) with DPPH* scavenging ability (EC50=0.075, 0.075). This antioxidant properties and the protective effect of this leaf could be harnessed in the management and prevention of degenerative diseases in association with oxidative stress.

scholarly journals In vitro antioxidant properties of 2-(4-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)benzylideneamino)benzoic acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Zehra Kübra YILMAZ ◽  
Belma ASIM ◽  
Ozlem OZDEMIR
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Schiff Base ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ferrous Ion ◽  
Synthetic Antioxidants ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Ic50 Values

In recent years, it has attracted great attention to determine and appraise synthetic antioxidants with high free radical scavenging capacity associated with various disorders. Because synthetic antioxidants are widely used in place of native antioxidants as they are influential and less expensive. In this study, the antioxidant activity of the newly synthesized asymmetric diimine Schiff base was determined by using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, ferrous ion chelation (FIC) activity and total antioxidant activity (Phosphomolybdenum assay) methods. The effective concentration (IC50) values were calculated for the Schiff base and standards. According to the results of DPPH radical scavenging, ferrous ion chelation and total antioxidant methods, Schiff base showed a well antioxidant activity. It was determined that Schiff base is reactive towards DPPH radicals (IC50, 180.0 μM) and especially Fe+2 ions (IC50, 76.3 μM). It was also found that it actively reduces the Mo(VI) ion to the Mo(V) form (IC50, 121.5 μM). The our results indicate Schiff base, may be a fine candidate as a source of synthetic antioxidants and possibly strong drug.

A Study on Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity Comparison of Novel Stilbenebenzamide Compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kładna ◽  
Paweł Berczyński ◽  
Oya Bozdağ Dündar ◽  
Irena Kruk ◽  
Beyza Torun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Background: Stilbene phytalexis (1,2-diphenyloethylen) and benzamide are beneficial for human health. To increase the stilbene ring activity, a new series of its derivatives containing benzamide structure was synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant power. Methods: 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectroscopy, and chromatographic analyses were used to confirm the successful synthesis. The antioxidant properties were determined by the elimination of , HO , DPPH , ABTS+ radicals, total antioxidant status (TAS) and the ferric reducing antioxidant activities (TAC) measurements. Results: Stilbenebenzamide compounds showed a wide spectrum of antioxidant ability, however their total antioxidant power was weaker than those of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), ascorbic acid, and resveratrol. The highest antiradical activity towards and HO was shown by the compounds with structures containing amine group (SBEBA, SBA) ( : 37.7 – 38.0% and 40.8 – 43.5%, HO : 29.8%, 28.7% inhibition, respectively) at1.25 mM concentration. The antiradical power of SBEBA (0.29) in DPPH assay was lower than those of resveratrol (1.83), ascorbic acid (3.63) and BHT (4.09). The TAS values of the synthesized compounds ranged from 152.9±5.3 to 240.2±6.7µM trolox equivalent/gram (TE/g) and were much lower than those of BHT (1304±43.0), reservatrol (1360±29.0) and ascorbic acid (2782±39.7) µM TE/g. Similarly, the TAC values ranging from 29.7±0.9 to 41.5±1.6 µM TE were weaker than that of resveratrol (239.2 ±6.7 µM TE/g). Conclusion: The results suggest that the presence of hydroxyl group in stilbene ring should be considered in further design of stilbenebenzamide compounds to enhance their antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals In vitro antioxidant properties and inhibitory effect of extracts and fractions of Plectranthus glandulosus leaves on copper sulfate (CuSO4)-induced oxidation in human low-density lipoprotein

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
Djamila Zouheira ◽  
Gabriel A Agbor ◽  
Randhir Singh ◽  
Sylviane Laure Poualeu Kamani ◽  
Anu Kajal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Ldl Oxidation ◽  
Scavenger Activity

Oxidation of LDL has been suggested to be an initial step in the development of atherosclerosis. This research work deals with the evaluation of antioxidant potential of Plectranthus glandulosus leaves extracts and fractions as well as its protective effects against human LDL oxidation. A preliminary quantitative phytochemical screening was carried out. Antioxidant potential was evaluated employing in vitro hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide scavenging assays and TAOC test. The human LDL oxidation induced by CuSO4 inhibition test was also performed. Plectranthus glandulosus leaves exhibited the presence of 18.3% of saponines, 25.6% of terpenoids and 36.2% of flavonoids. EAF exhibited highest hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide scavenger activity (IC50 13.63µg/ml and 24.59 µg/ml respectively). Ascorbic acid exhibited an IC50 value of 15.39µg/ml in hydrogen peroxide assay and 22.96 µg/ml in nitric oxide scavenging activity. EAF exhibited a higher TAOC (optical density 0.186±0.00) than that of ascorbic acid (0.162±0.001) at the concentration of 25µg/ml while at 200µg/ml N-BUTF exhibited a higher optical density (1.261±0.001) than that of ascorbic acid (1.065±0.001). EAF lengthened the lag time of the CD formation up to 150mins at the concentration 1mg/ml. TBARS formation inhibition at the concentration 0.5mg/ml, were no significant different between n-butanol (68.55%) ethyl acetate fraction (68.21%) and quercetin 67.69%). Plectranthus glandulosus is a promising prospect as an anti-atherosclerotic agent and needs a detailed study to establish the same. Key words: Plecthrantus glandulosus; oxidation; LDL; atherosclerosis, antioxidant.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity and Quality of Apple Juices and Puree After in vitro Digestion

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonello Santini ◽  
Raffaele Romano ◽  
Giuseppe Meca ◽  
Assunta Raiola ◽  
Alberto Ritieni
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Total Antioxidant

<p>Dietary recommendations include the consumption of fresh apples and processed apple based products mainly for the antioxidant properties associated to the polyphenols, and vitamin C content. Thermal treatment, generally used to extend shelf life of fruit based foodstuff, can affect the quality. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), reducing sugars, ascorbic acid, and the total antioxidant activity in bio available fraction after <em>in vitro</em> digestion, have been evaluated in 16 apple-based nectars (fruit content: 30-60%), 15 apple-based juices (fruit content 100%) and 5 apple-based puree. Observed data indicate a 5-HMF values ranging from 0.06 mg/L in juices to 28.61 mg/L in nectars. The reducing sugar amount did not vary significantly between the three analysed typology of apple derivatives, while the ascorbic acid content was quite high compared to reported literature data. The antioxidant activity after an <em>in vitro</em> digestion showed values ranging from 0.21 to 7.68 mmol of Trolox in juices, and puree, respectively.</p>

scholarly journals Changes in Antioxidant Properties and Amounts of Bioactive Compounds During Simulated In Vitro Digestion of Wheat Bread Enriched with Plant Extracts

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 6292
Author(s):  
Anna Czubaszek ◽  
Anna Czaja ◽  
Anna Sokół-Łętowska ◽  
Joanna Kolniak-Ostek ◽  
Alicja Z. Kucharska
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Wheat Bread ◽  
Simulated Digestion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Stability

Cereal preparation can be an excellent source of substances with proven health-promoting properties. Unfortunately, some types of bread, such as white flour bread, are devoid of many valuable nutrients. Therefore, it is necessary to look for ways to increase its density and nutritional value. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of stabilized plant extracts on the quality of bread, its antioxidant activity and polyphenol content, and to evaluate the stability of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity during in vitro digestion. The research material was the wheat bread baked with spray dried microcapsules of hawthorn bark, soybeans and onion husks in maltodextrin or inulin carriers. The addition of plant extracts resulted in the presence of phenolic compounds in the wheat bread, and its antioxidant activity significantly increased. There was no significant difference in antioxidant activity between breads containing microcapsules with different carriers. During in vitro digestion, procyanidins and isoflavones in bread were more resistant to the digestive processes than other compounds. The antioxidant activity during simulated digestion was the highest at the stage of gastric digestion, and its value depended on the extract used and the analytical method applied.

scholarly journals Effect of Physiological Concentrations of Vitamin C on the Inhibitation of Hydroxyl Radical Induced Light Emission from Fe2+-EGTA-H2O2 and Fe3+-EGTA-H2O2 Systems In Vitro

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1993
Author(s):  
Michal Nowak ◽  
Wieslaw Tryniszewski ◽  
Agata Sarniak ◽  
Anna Wlodarczyk ◽  
Piotr J. Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Tetraacetic Acid ◽  
Reference Compound

Ascorbic acid (AA) has antioxidant properties. However, in the presence of Fe2+/Fe3+ ions and H2O2, it may behave as a pro-oxidant by accelerating and enhancing the formation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH). Therefore, in this study we evaluated the effect of AA at concentrations of 1 to 200 µmol/L on •OH-induced light emission (at a pH of 7.4 and temperature of 37 °C) from 92.6 µmol/L Fe2+—185.2 µmol/L EGTA (ethylene glycol-bis (β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid)—2.6 mmol/L H2O2, and 92.6 µmol/L Fe3+—185.2 µmol/L EGTA—2.6 mmol/L H2O2 systems. Dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA) at the same range of concentrations served as the reference compound. Light emission was measured with multitube luminometer (AutoLumat Plus LB 953) for 120 s after automatic injection of H2O2. AA at concentrations of 1 to 50 µmol/L and of 1 to 75 µmol/L completely inhibited light emission from Fe2+-EGTA-H2O2 and Fe3+-EGTA-H2O2, respectively. Concentrations of 100 and 200 µmol/L did not affect chemiluminescence of Fe3+-EGTA-H2O2 but tended to increase light emission from Fe2+-EGTA-H2O2. DHAA at concentrations of 1 to 100 µmol/L had no effect on chemiluminescence of both systems. These results indicate that AA at physiological concentrations exhibits strong antioxidant activity in the presence of chelated iron and H2O2.

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