scholarly journals OVERVIEW OF TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT FOR HAYME PROCESSING

2020 ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Serhiy Shargorodskiy ◽  
Vasyliy Yanishevskiy ◽  
Olga Yalina
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Smooth Flow ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Flow Divider ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Variable Displacement ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Working Bodies

Fodder production is one of the most important sectors of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine, the pace and scientific and technical level of development of which largely determines the solution of the country's food problem, full satisfaction of the population's food needs. A limiting factor for the development of this industry is the lack of efficient, easy-to-use and cheap equipment for collecting, raking, stirring, and pressing domestically produced hay, which would be able to compete with foreign analogues. The publication is devoted to the development of a hydraulic drive of the working bodies of the rake of a thief. The analysis of the designs of the existing machines for raking hay into rolls is carried out. A characteristic feature of these machines is the presence of specialized working bodies and the need to ensure a given frequency of their rotation. The proposed hydraulic scheme for the drive of the working bodies. The hydraulic drive consists of a variable displacement pumping station, a hydraulic flow divider and two hydraulic motors. The use of this drive allows to simplify the layout of the machine and provide an efficient drive in compliance with all process requirements. In addition, the use of a hydraulic drive allows you to increase the number of working bodies, thereby increasing the width of the rake - hackers. The introduction of these changes in the design of this unit will allow to reduce the number of passes of the rake-hacker and pick-up press across the field, thereby ensuring fuel economy. As the review of literary sources shows, the issues of collecting and storing hay are relevant not only for our country, but also for other European countries. The designs of domestic rakes - hackers are morally obsolete, do not meet modern agrotechnical requirements, have a small working width and require frequent repair and maintenance. Based on the results of the analysis of the designs of the drives of the working bodies of the rake - hackers, a hydraulic scheme for the drive of the working bodies was proposed. A feature of this hydraulic drive is the presence of a throttle flow distributor with the possibility of smooth flow control.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL RESOURCE STAND RESEARCH OF THE GOLDEN DIVISION DISTRIBUTOR

2019 ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Rutkevych
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Flow Divider ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Cost Characteristics

The article discusses and analyzes the operating conditions of a modern hydraulic drive. Despite the difficult operating conditions of modern agricultural machinery (difficult working conditions, frequent changes in the technological load on the working bodies, low quality of the working fluid, increased dust content and temperature fluctuations), the hydraulic drive is its main reliable element. The basis of hydraulic drives is hydraulic spool type devices, they remain the main components of a modern hydraulic drive, are able to increase energy, dynamic, cost characteristics and increase the reliability and durability of this drive. The advantages, disadvantages and directions of improvement of this drive are noted. The modern directions of development of the hydraulic drive aimed at increasing the reliability, durability and adaptability to changing the technological load on the working bodies are considered. A booth design is proposed that allows to investigate a resource study of the developed spool splitter of a forage stem feeder. As a result of the research at the initial stage, some shortcomings in the structural implementation of the developed spool of the flow divider at the time up to 2·104 cycles were revealed. After analyzing the operating conditions and making changes to the design of the stem feeder spacer spacer and retesting, the spacer spacer showed stable operation, with more than 6.6·105 load cycles.

scholarly journals SOCIO-GEOGRAPHICAL ESSENCE OF THE MILITARY SPHERE OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Taras Kravets
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Military Geography ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
General Method

The purpose of the article is to analyze the existing approaches to understanding the terms military sphere, military-industrial complex, defense-industrial complex, security and defense sector, military sector, determining the positioning of the military sphere and its position relative to other natural-geographical areas, joints and overlaps, identification of its functions and problems that interfere with proper functioning. Development of directions and prospects for the development of the military sphere and the Armed Forces of Ukraine in general. Method. The research was conducted on the basis of the analysis of available literature sources on this topic and the application of a spherical approach to the analysis of the positioning of the military sphere and the definition of its components. The available domestic and foreign literary sources and the ratio of these concepts within this literature are studied. Results. Theoretical and methodological problems of comparing concepts related to the military sphere and their interchangeability and interconnectedness are studied. The scheme of correlation of concepts of military sphere, defense-industrial complex and military-industrial complex is offered. Based on the spherical approach, we propose a scheme of the military sphere, which we consider as a sphere formed within the geosphere at the junction of social and natural spheres, at the intersection of demographic, informational, spiritual, environmental, technical, economic, political and social spheres. Within each oblast forming the sphere, three main sectors with the greatest influence on the military sphere are singled out. Six main functions of the sphere are singled out and arranged in order of importance on the basis of the proposed scheme. Scientific novelty. The need for this study is due to the fact that despite the fact that since 2014 and to date, fighting has been going on in the east of our country, in many universities the discipline of military geography and related disciplines is being stolen, the term military sphere has not been proposed. clear positioning of the military sphere among other social spheres. To date, the functions performed by the military sphere and the factors contributing to the improvement and development of this sphere have not been determined, which is what led to the implementation of this study. Practical meaning. Based on modeling and analysis, the main areas that affect the military sphere as such and to what extent are identified, the areas of greatest influence and sectors of influence within the regions are identified. The functions of the military sphere and the main factors influencing its development and transformation are highlighted, as well as what measures need to be implemented to improve the situation. The results of the research are developed for planning by the state structures of the program of development of the military sphere and for teaching the discipline "Military Geography". The geographical features of the military sphere are singled out, to which the greatest attention should be paid when analyzing the transformation of the military sphere.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION OF INVESTMENT PROJECTS IN ALMATY REGION OF KAZAKHSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
SH.A. SMAGULOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Food Market ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Processing And Storage

The author examines the problems that have arisen in food market: rising food prices, restrictions on the supply of agricultural raw materials due to the coronavirus pandemic around the world. It is shown that in Kazakhstan the size of GDP for 8 months of 2020 decreased in relation to the same period in 2019 by 3%. The statistical data on changes in the level of development of sectors of the national economy for August 2020, the amount of gross output of agriculture, forestry and fishery in the republic are presented. State measures to support farmers in the current situation have been substantiated. Literary sources are summarized with emphasis on the importance and role of attracting foreign capital to agricultural sector. The analysis of investment projects for production, processing and storage of agricultural products is carried out on the example of Almaty region. Foreign investors who, together with the participation of government agencies, allocate material resources for modernization, reconstruction, construction of new factories and agricultural complexes are presented. At the same time, great attention is paid to increasing the efficiency of production facilities and innovative agricultural technologies. Subsectors of agriculture have been identified, where investments in this region are involved as a priority. The barriers and problems of limiting foreign investment in agro-industrial complex during the period of "COVID 19" are identified: uncertainty of continuation of the pandemic, the volatility of world oil prices, trade wars and sanctions, dollarization of the economy, etc. Recommendations and prospects for improving the implementation of investment projects are presented.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF TRANSITIONAL PROCESSES IN THE ADAPTIVE SYSTEM OF HYDRAULIC DRIVES OF THE MECHANISM FOR CUTTING AND UNLOADING STALK FODDER

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Rutkevych
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive System ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Hydraulic Cylinder ◽  
Slide Valve ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Flow Divider ◽  
Competitive Mechanism ◽  
Transitional Processes

The problem of creating an energy-efficient and competitive mechanism for cutting and unloading stalk fodder from trench storage, by developing and justifying the parameters and modes of operation of the adaptive system of hydraulic drives of the mechanism is researched. The principal implementation of the adaptive system of hydraulic drive of the mechanism for cutting and unloading is proposed, in which a spool flow divider is placed between two executive hydraulic motors, which allows to regulate the supply of a U–shaped frame according to the load change which affects the cutting mechanism. The adaptive system of the hydraulic drive of the mechanism allows to stabilize energy consumption for separation of a portion of a stalk fodder under the condition of change and fluctuation of parameters which essentially influence the process of separation and unloading of a stalk fodder from the monolith. The transients in the adaptive systems of hydraulic drives of the mechanism for cutting and unloading of stalk fodder are received and analyzed. As a result of the study, it was found that by changing the operating widths of the slide valve of the separator in the direction of reduction, a significant increase in the responsiveness of the hydraulic drive system of the mechanism for cutting and unloading to the changes in the loading on the cutting apparatus. As a result, the range of the adjustment of the feeding of the hydraulic cylinder of the U–shaped frame, which increases the efficiency of stabilizing the separation process from the monolith of block-portion of stalk fodder with a minimum power of the hydraulic drive system, is substantially expanded. It is noted that the dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic drive of the mechanism for cutting and unloading stalk fodder adaptive to the load are influenced by the design parameters of the spool flow divider which implements feedback. On the basis of the conducted experimental research recommendations on the choice of constructive parameters of the spool flow divider are given.

scholarly journals MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE INTERACTION OF THE SCREW WORKING BODIES OF FOREST FIRE GROUND-THROWING MACHINES WITH THE GROUND COVER

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
Petr Popikov ◽  
Anton Pozdnyakov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Hydraulic Motor ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Fire Ground

The paper provides an overview of research on the working processes of screw working bodies of technological machines. It is noted that at present such important issues in the theory of auger working bodies as the required number of auger turns, the required position of the auger spiral in relation to the center, etc. have not been fully resolved, since the solution of these issues can provide an increased productivity of the tool. A structural and technological scheme of a forest fire machine with multifunctional modules is proposed, which consists of auger working bodies, which can be changed modularly with a screw metal thread for a brush, depending on the area and type of soil, the rotor of the thrower, with the ability to drive the cutters-throwers and auger working bodies both from the power take-off shaft of the tractor, and using a hydraulic motor, a guide casing. A mathematical model of an auger working body with a hydraulic drive has been compiled for removing the ground cover with forest litter when extinguishing forest fires with a ground gun, so that combustible materials do not fall into the fire zone together with the soil flow from the rotor-thrower. The working process of the hydraulic drive of the auger working bodies of a forest fire ground-sweeping machine is described by a system of differential equations, including the equations of translational and rotational movements of the auger working body and the equation of the flow rate of the working fluid. The problem of optimization of kinematic and dynamic parameters of auger working bodies of forest fire ground-sweeping machine is set

scholarly journals THE CONTACT INTERACTION DYNAMICS OF THE WORKING TOOL OF THE MOLE PLOWSHARE WITH THE SOIL DURING FORMING PROSESS A CHANNEL FOR AN ANTI-FILTRATION SCREEN

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Olena Solona ◽  
Vladimir Kovbasa ◽  
Igor Kupchuk
Keyword(s):  
Rigid Body ◽  
Contact Interaction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Working Bodies

Today's realities of agriculture are increasingly prompting the need for the introduction of technologies for subsoil irrigation, as a possible tool to obtain maximum efficiency indicators of agricultural activities of agricultural enterprises. At the same time, the large-scale introduction of intra-soil irrigation technologies at the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex is significantly complicated due to the poor practical and theoretical development of its methods, as well as the lack of extensive experimental verification of this method of irrigation. The development of many processes in the construction of irrigation and engineering structures requires substantiation of the geometric parameters and operating modes of the working bodies that are used to implement these processes. One of the working bodies that is used to form the cavity along which communication is stretched is a mole plow, which, depending on the expected working conditions, may have a different geometric configuration and size. The results of investigations of the interaction of the mole ploughshare with the soil in cavity formation for laying the anti-filtration screen are describe in this article. The authors propose to consider the soil in the form of an elastic-viscous model. By solving the contact problem of the interaction of a rigid body with a deformed medium, the stress components in the soil on the contact surface with the ploughshare are determined, and soil compaction is determined. The components of forces that appear on the surface of the ploughshare because of its interaction with the soil are determined depending on its geometric parameters and the mechanical properties of the soil. This solution is a general approach for the analytical solution of the class of problems of the contact interaction of a rigid body with a deformable medium possessing the properties of elasticity and viscosity.

scholarly journals Measuring system for monitoring the polydimensional deformation of superstructures of bridges and over-bridges improvement of volume hydraulic drive construction and road machines using flow shareholders

2021 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Igor Pimonov
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Flow Divider ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Hydraulic Machines ◽  
Hydraulic Motors

Due to its advantages, the hydraulic drive is widely used in road construction machines. Depending on its design, the share of the hydraulic drive, which is the most expensive unit of a road construction machine, accounts for thirty to eighty percent of all failures. Reliable hydraulic drive, provides, to a large extent, the reliability of the whole machine and the efficiency of the construction organization as a whole. The efficiency of the hydraulic drive of construction machines, and, as a consequence, the machines themselves, is ensured by a set of measures, among which the most important is the quality design, manufacture and operation, combined into a single structural system. Depending on the quality of cleaning of the working fluid, the service life of hydraulic machines can be increased or decreased several times. Accumulation of pollutants in the hydraulic drive, the hardness of which is significantly higher than the hardness of metals, causes rapid wear of the surfaces of hydraulic units and the service life is rapidly reduced. Cavitation in the pump is accompanied by a pulsation of fluid pressure and noise. These pulsations are due to the return flow of fluid from the discharge cavity of the pump, which is accompanied by hydraulic shocks and as a result of alternating shocks, a pressure pulsation in the discharge line of the pump. The amplitude of these pulsations can, under known conditions, reach a value that causes the destruction of the pump. The possibility of cavitation can be reduced by rational choice of modes of operation of the hydraulic system and the correct design of its units, but this phenomenon can be completely eliminated only by using auxiliary pumping pumps, as well as increasing the pressure in the suction line of the pump. On the basis of the analysis of perspective directions of improvement of the hydraulic drive of the excavator the following improved scheme of it is developed. Usually only high-flow hydraulic motors can be used in flow dividers. But in our case it is necessary that the device had, first of all, small mechanical losses and small cost, and accuracy of division of working liquid which follows on filters can be small. In the volume flow divider, hydraulic motors are used: gear, piston, vane, screw, roller. The simplest dividers of volume type are paired (connected by shafts) hydraulic motors of lamellar (vane) and roller types. Hydraulic motors in this scheme are flow measuring devices (dispensers), which supply for one revolution the volume of liquid, equal without taking into account the leaks in the hydraulic motor, its working volume. The use of a flow divider as a source of hydraulic energy makes it possible to improve the hydraulic drive by combining in a single system the purification of the working fluid and the ejector feed of the pump. The most promising, in terms of cost, are flow dividers based on vane and rotary hydraulic motors..

Efficiency Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Variable Displacement Linkage Pump

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn Wilhelm ◽  
James Van de Ven
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Positive Displacement ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drive Trains ◽  
Variable Displacement ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Hydrostatic Transmissions

The power density of hydraulic drive trains make variable displacement machines appealing to a wide range of applications such as mobile hybrid systems, displacement controlled actuation of heavy machinery, and hydrostatic transmissions for wind power. Current state of the art variable displacement pumps suffer from poor efficiencies at low displacements, thus limiting the potential benefits of hydraulic solutions. Here, a variable displacement linkage pump is presented as a promising method for achieving high efficiency across the full displacement range. In this paper, the linkage kinematics and dynamics are discussed, an energy loss model is presented and used to drive design decisions of a first generation prototype, and experimental results are presented to validate the model. It will be shown that this linkage-based, variable, positive displacement architecture shows promise as a highly efficient alternative to other axial piston machines across a wide range of displacements.

scholarly journals Development of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of food complex research

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (97) ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
Y. Nesterchuk ◽  
◽  
N. Blenda
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Economic Ties ◽  
Food Complex

The conceptual and categorical apparatus of the food complex is investigated in the article. The content of the categories "food complex" and "agro-food complex" is revealed, the connection between the mentioned categories is established. Scientific results of the study of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the food complex and the formulation of conclusions were obtained using monographic and abstract-logical methods, as well as methods of comparison, analogy, analysis, synthesis and generalization. It is established that the food complex is not part of the agro-industrial complex, the tasks of their functioning, although similar in content, are different. For food complex, the main priority is to satisfy the food needs of the population. Note that most scientists characterize the food complex, by analogy with the agro-industrial complex, as a set of enterprises, organizations and industries of various industries and organizational and legal forms of management, interconnected and interdependent in the overall technological process of production, procurement, processing and sale of food; others define the food complex as a set of food subcomplexes: grain, sugar beet, oil and fat, fruit and vegetables, meat, dairy, fish, etc. According to the results of generalization of the study, it is determined that the food complex is a system of interaction of spare parts, enterprises and individual industries, characterized by industrial and economic ties, whose main tasks are balancing, economically and physically accessible, ensuring satisfaction in accordance with nutrition. Determining the essence of satisfaction with the complex is key to further analysis of its state, trends and development strategies. The next stage of the study is to determine the mechanism of functioning of the food complex, its structure, as well as models of interaction of its subsystems.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF SOIL MACHINE FOR STRIP-TILL TECHNOLOGY WITH ACTIVE MILLING WORKING BODIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sereda Leonid ◽  
Trukhanska Elena ◽  
Shvets Ludmila
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
No Till ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Working Bodies

One of the achievements in the field of growing crop products is the development and implementation of the latest low-cost No-till and Strip-till technologies. On the positive side of these technologies, overnight economic efficiency there are other advantages over industrial technology: the conservation and improvement of soil and environmental indicators, such as the prevention of erosion. Against the introduction of these technologies, there are factors of staff unpreparedness, as well as the availability of expensive special equipment. Most scientists in the field of agronomy, especially abroad, when new No-till and Strip-till technologies appeared, called them revolutionary in crop production, since along with economic indicators, these technologies preserve the fertile potential of the soil. This is achieved due to less soil damage due to the minimum number of technological operations, as well as the mandatory coverage of the field with plant residues after harvesting. Strip-till technology is most suitable for our area. The essence of this technology lies in the fact that soil cultivation is carried out selectively, with a strip width of 25-30 cm, and between them there remains untreated strips of 30 cm also, covered with the remains of the crop that was previously harvested. Given the relevance of the topic, this article provides specific material for the study of a tillage machine with active working bodies in the form of mills. The development is based on the well-known agricultural machine, milling cultivator KF-3.6. The essence of the modernization lies in the fact that the milling heads are placed for processing strips, in front of which there are plane-cutting legs, and behind them are special disks for forming the strip. The main disadvantage of the existing machine is the presence of a bulky drive, which consists of three gearboxes, cardan gears. In this paper, we consider the option of replacing the drive with a more modern and reliable hydraulic drive.

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