scholarly journals Analisis Respon dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Petani terhadap Penerapan Pertanian Organik di Kota Mataram

Author(s):  
Aeko Fria Utama FR ◽  
Muhammad Nursan

The city of Mataram is one of the regions that has the potential for developing organic agriculture and has prepared a policy of using organic materials for farmers in conducting their farming. One of the policies of the Mataram City Government in supporting organic farming practices is to provide assistance in the form of production equipment in the form of an organic fertilizer counter for each farmer group. But in reality, at this time there are still not many farmers who want to do an organic farming system in their farming business. The purpose of this study is to 1) Determine farmers' responses to organic agriculture, and 2) link the factors that encourage farmers to apply organic farming. The method used in this research is descriptive method. This research was conducted in two districts namely Selaparang Subdistrict and Sekarbela Subdistrict, Mataram City, which were selected by purposive sampling. The data in this study are cross section data obtained from interviews with 40 people taken by quota sampling consisting of 20 organic farmers and 20 non-organic farmers. The data collected is then analyzed using a categorical data analysis model. The results showed that, the response of organic farmers to organic farming in the city of Mataram depended on positive results. The response of organic farmers to organic farming in the city of Mataram was positive because respondents thought that the benefits of organic farming on soil fertility were very high, could reduce environmental pollution and could increase increased agriculture. While the response of non-organic farmers to organic farming is in the moderate / less positive range. This causes the complexity of the application of organic agriculture both in terms of fertilization and when spraying pests and diseases. Factors that support farmers in implementing organic farming systems in the city of Mataram are the role of extension workers, approval of agricultural technology and capital. While the factors that hamper farmers involving organic agriculture are farmer prices, prices of organic products which are the same as non-organic products, capital, access to information and access to organic agricultural production.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 749-763
Author(s):  
A.V. Shelenok ◽  

The article examines intensive and organic technologies for growing agricultural crops, their impact on the environment, human health, indicates what are the advantages and disadvantages of organic agriculture. It is noted that with intensive technologies for growing agricultural crops, their yield increases, but if the doses of chemicals are not observed, soil fertility is disturbed, the environment is polluted. Devoid of the disadvantages inherent in intensive technologies, organic farming is significantly inferior in productivity to it, due to which it is not able to reach the same production volumes, to ensure a comparable level of domestic consumption, which is demonstrated by traditional farming. The article compares the effectiveness of traditional and organic agronomic farming systems. It is shown that in the case of comparability of yield indicators, traditional technologies at lower selling prices are more effective in terms of profit and profitability indicators. The reasons for the slow development of the organic segment in the agricultural production of Russia are revealed. In this regard, the topic of support for foreign and Russian agricultural producers, including organic products, as well as the underdevelopment of its domestic market is touched upon. It is noted that, in contrast to developed countries, Russia’s share in the world market for organic products is insignificant. Therefore, it is too early to talk about the prospects for the development of organic agriculture in Russia. In the world, organic farming is stimulated, it occupies its own niche, but in all respects it lags far behind the traditional method of growing agricultural products. Its share in the world food market ranges from 2.6 to 3%.


1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian R. Vogl ◽  
Jürgen Hess

AbstractDuring the present decade, Austria has experienced a dramatic increase in organic farming among those countries that comprise the European Union (EU). For example, in 1992, approximately 2,000 farms were practicing organic, ecological, or biodynamic farming methods. By 1997 the number of certified organic farms plus those in transition from conventional farming had increased 10-fold to some 20,000 farms. This represents almost 9% of the total farms in Austria and an area of 345,375 ha, or 10% of the total cultivated farmland. The largest concentration of organic farms is in regions with a high proportion of alpine grassland or pastures. Approximately 50% of the organic farms range in size from 5 to 15 ha. The strong organic movement in Austria can be attributed to a) government subsidies which provide incentives to organic farmers and b) widespread acceptance of organic products and their brand names by large food chains and supermarkets. More than 60% of organic farmers are affiliated with associations and organizations that provide advisory and support services in marketing activities. Certification of organic farms and food processors is conducted by seven monitoring bodies according to EU regulation No. 2092/91, which guarantees legallybinding standards of food safety and quality to EU consumers, and according to the Austrian Alimentari Codex. Since January 1998, all monitoring/certifying bodies in Austria must verify accreditation according to regulation European Norm 45011. The major supermarket chain offers a variety of organic dairy and meat products, as well as organic ice cream, pizza, vegetables, fruits, baby foods, and bread. The current domestic wholesale value of organic products marketed from Austrian farms is approximately 170 million US$ annually. Unfortunately, funding for support of scientific research and extension to enhance organic farming and marketing has not kept pace with the increasing number of organic farms and farmers. Additional funding is essential to ensure the sustainable development of the organic movement and the organic market.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Rifky Taufiq Fardian ◽  
Aufa Hanum ◽  
Santoso Tri Raharjo ◽  
Nurliana Cipta Apsari

ABSTRAKSalah satu dampak dari proses pembangunan adalah pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan. Pertumbuhan penduduk yang pesat terutama di daerah perkotaan dengan perilaku membuang sampah yang tidak baik menyebabkan berbagai limbah yang harus diserap oleh lingkungan, terutama limbah domestik atau limbah rumah tangga. Komposisi sampah organik menempati persentase tertinggi hingga 57% di Kota Bandung, dimana limbah sisa makanan yang menempati urutan teratas yaitu sebesar 40%. Masyarakat dan pemerintah saja tidak cukup untuk mengatasi persoalan pengelolaan sampah. Keterlibatan dan partisipasi aktif perusahaan sebagai pihak swasta melalui kegiatan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan dapat dilakukan melalui program-program yang mendukung pengolahan limbah organik berkelanjutan. Pengembangan program CSR yang baik pada suatu perusahaan sebaiknya dikaitakn dengan kebutuhan dan persoalan yang dihadapi masyarakat sekitar. Model Social Responsible Business Practice, merupakan salah satu jenis program yang bertujuan untuk mensejahterakan masyarakat, tapi juga memiliki korelasi positif dalam peningkatan produktivitas perusahaan secara operasional. Model praktik ini, memungkinkan aktivitas perusahaan yang salah satunya mencakup penyediaan fasilitas yang memenuhi tingkat keamanan dan keselamatan lingkungan dan dapat memelihara aktivitas pembangunan berkelanjutan. PT. Pertamina TBBM Bandung Group merupakan salah satu BUMN yang peduli dengan inovasi penanganan masalah sampah di Kota Bandung, melalui program BU MANIK (Budidaya Maggot dan Pupuk Organik), sejalan dengan program KANG PISMAN (Kurangi, Pisahkan, Manfaatkan) milik pemerintah Kota Bandung, yang bertujuan untuk membudidayakan maggot sebagai media utama pengurai limbah organik serta pakan ternak alami. Efektifitas program ini bergantung pada CSR PT. Pertamina TBBM Bandung Group sebagai lembaga yang memfasilitasi pelaksanaan program dan kelompok bank sampah sebagai komunitas yang diberdayakan, serta keterlibatan masyarakat dan dukungan pemerintah.Kata kunci: CSR, pengelolaan sampah, sumber daya berkelanjutan, pemberdayaan ABSTRACTOne of the impacts of the development process is environmental pollution and damage. Rapid population growth, especially in urban areas with bad waste disposal behavior, causes a variety of waste that must be absorbed by the environment, especially domestic waste or household waste. The composition of organic waste occupies the highest percentage up to 57% in the city of Bandung, where food waste that occupies the top rank is 40%. The community and the government alone are not enough to overcome the problem of waste management. The involvement and active participation of companies as private parties through corporate social responsibility activities can be done through programs that support sustainable organic waste treatment. The development of a good CSR program in a company should be related to the needs and problems faced by the surrounding community. Social Responsible Business Practice Model, is one type of program that aims to prosper the community, but also has a positive correlation in increasing company operational productivity. This practice model allows company activities, one of which includes the provision of facilities that meet the level of environmental security and safety and can maintain sustainable development activities. PT. Pertamina TBBM Bandung Group is one of the BUMN that is concerned with the innovation of handling waste problems in the city of Bandung, through the BU MANIK (Cultivating Maggot and Organic Fertilizer) program, in line with the KANG PISMAN program (Reduce, Separate, Utilize) the Bandung city government, which aims to cultivate maggot as the main media to decompose organic waste and natural animal feed. The effectiveness of this program depends on the CSR of PT. Pertamina TBBM Bandung Group as an institution that facilitates the implementation of programs and groups of waste banks as an empowered community; as well as community involvement and government support.Keywords: CSR, waste management, sustainable resource, empowerment


Author(s):  
Serpil Tıraşcı ◽  
Ümmügülsüm Erdoğan ◽  
Vecihi Aksakal

Turkey as well as in the developing world science, technology and the changing rural development and manufacturing approach accordingly with industry, has changed the shape of the realization of agricultural activities. As a result of new production methods, environmental and human health deteriorated and scientists have turned to organic agriculture. Organic farming practices, which started in the 1980s in our country, have improved significantly with the publication of the organic farming regulation in 1994 and the regulation was last regulated in 2018. Our country with conditions favourable for organic agriculture in terms of soil and water resources, climate, variety of products, this study was prepared in order to see how organic agriculture has progressed over the years and at what stage it is today. In 1990, 8 organic products were produced in Turkey with 313 farmers in an area of 1,037 ha. According to the latest data 73,563 farmers have grown 2,371,612 tons of organic products in 626,885 ha organic agriculture area. In addition, the organic product range produced was increased to 213. When we look at the export situation, it is seen that the total export amount is 111,690,675 tons and a significant amount of this export amount is 41.633,896 tons of wheat and wheat products. Looking at the import data, it is known that the total import amount is 175,865,85 tons and the most imported product is soybeans (non-seed) (99,446 tons). Although a significant increase in organic agriculture production has been observed compared to previous years, it is anticipated that this increase may increase even further considering Turkey's agricultural potential.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Dwi Mardani ◽  
Maulana Surya Kusumah

The Tani Jaya 2 farmer group is the only farming community that can develop their organic farming and survival since it was founded. As farmers who grow organic crops, they need special efforts to maintain their existence. Using a qualitative research design, researchers found that organic farmers face many challenges in managing their organic agriculture. For this reason, they must develop and ensure the sustainability of organic farming. Efforts to build farmers' knowledge in maintaining organic farming were established and influenced by the success of the strategies they used. Their plans include, firstly, empowering through the assistance of agricultural capital. Second, maintaining product quality. Third, build an external cooperation network. By relying on this effort, organic farming in Jember District can survive. Keywords: awareness construction, organic farmer strategy, organic farmer empowerment. Referensi: Basrowi. 2005. Pengantar Sosiologi. Bogor: Ghalia Indonesia. Creswell,         John     W.       2014.   Research Design:        Pendekatan     Metode Kualitatif,       Kuantitatif, dan Campuran. Terjemahan   oleh Achmad Fawaidi & Rianayati K.P. 2016. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Damsar & Indriyani. 2009. Pengantar sosiologi ekonomi. Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. 1991. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka. Harker, R., Mahar, C., dan Wilkes, Chris. 1990. (Habitus X Modal) + Ranah =      Praktik:           Pengantar Paling Komprehensif kepada Pemikiran Pierre Bourdieu. Terjemahan oleh Pipit Maizier. Yogyakarta: Jalasutra. Henslin, James M. 2006. Sosiologi dengan Pendekatan Membumi (6 ed.). (W. Hardani, B. A. Yoso, Eds., & K. Sunarto, Trans.). Jakarta: Erlangga Khotimah,       Aidah Chusnul.          2016. Konstruksi Pengetahuan Tentang Pertanian Organik  Pada Petani Desa    Wates Kabupaten Tulungagung. Skripsi. Jember: Sosiologi. Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan      Ilmu Politik.  Universitas Jember. Moleong, Lexi J. 2000. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. (Tjun Sujarman, (Ed.).  Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya. Mubarok, J. Ifnul. 2012. Kamus Istilah Ekonomi. Bandung: Yrama Widya Pribadi, Deki. 2016. Strategi Kelompok Tani Mandiri dalam Mewujudkan Pertanian Organik dan Wisata Organik di Desa Lombok Kulon Kecamatan Wonosari Kabupaten Bondowoso. Skripsi. Jember: Sosiologi. Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik. Universitas Jember. Ritzer, George dan Goodman, D. J. Teori Sosiologi Modern. Terjemahan Oleh Alimandan. 2003. Jakarta: Kencana. Soekanto, Soerjono. 1983. Kamus Sosiologi. Jakarta: CV. Rajawali. Soetriono. 1993. Dasar Ilmu Pertanian. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jember. Sutanto, Rachman. 2002. Pertanian Organik: Menuju Pertanian Alternatif dan Berkelanjutan. Yogyakarta: Kanisius. Universitas Jember. 2012. Pedoman Penulisan Karya Ilmiah. Jember: Jember University Press. Internet: Firli, Andhika. 2013. Revolusi Hijau dan Dampak    Buruknya. http://www.kompasiana.com/firlianggara/revolusi-hijaudandampakburuknya_552e08686ea8345b248 b457b. diakses             tanggal 03 Oktober 2016.


Author(s):  
Mirela Stoian ◽  
Diana Caprita

Promoting sustainability, including the production and consumption of food, is badly needed nowadays, given the fact that consumers are increasingly concerned about protecting their health, through a thorough verification of food quality. From this perspective, organic food may represent a viable solution for a healthier future. Currently, we are witnessing a substantial increase in the number of countries, organizations, and companies encouraging organic farming, an economic activity that involves environmentally friendly agricultural practices. The main objective of this chapter is to reveal the growing importance of organic farming to the food markets. This research will also focus on presenting a very detailed analysis of the defining elements of organic agriculture, such as the evolution of certified organic surfaces, both contributory and disfavoring factors of the developing organic agriculture, and last but not least, overall outlook for global consumption of certified organic products.


2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leopold Kirner ◽  
Stefan Vogel ◽  
Walter Schneeberger

Organic farmers throughout Austria were asked in 1999 if, once the first agri-environmental program (ÖPUL) ends, they intended to commit themselves to a further five-year period of organic farming. The study presented here addresses those farmers who expressed in the survey the intention to end their participation in organic farming under ÖPUL, or who were undecided at that time. The aim was to compare and analyze the intended behavior with actual behavior. The research was based on material from, and analyses of, the 1999 survey and the survey conducted in 2002. Additional information regarding the reasons for abandoning (or continuing) organic farming and the decision-making process itself was collected through a series of telephone interviews in 2004. The comparison revealed a connection between actual behavior and the intentions expressed in the 1999 survey. However, there were no clear differences in terms of the reasons given in 1999 for potentially discontinuing with organic farming between those farms that remained organic and those that reverted to conventional farming methods. There were differences between those reasons given in the 1999 survey for potentially leaving organic agriculture and the reasons that determined the actual decision, as cited in telephone interviews in 2004. In the 1999 survey, economic issues were the main reasons for potentially ceasing to farm organically. When it came to the actual decision, problems concerning organic guidelines and inspections were more prominent. The environmental attitudes and the social embedding of the farmers within organic agriculture played a decisive role on those enterprises that chose to continue farming organically. The analysis indicates that the presence of a successor is also a stabilizing factor for organic farming.


Author(s):  
Olga Tertychna ◽  
Galyna Ryabukha ◽  
Diana Buturlym

The article identifies the importance of organic farming in addressing the issues of preservation and reproduction of soil fertility. The key principles of organic farming, such as minimization of tillage, crop structure planning, use of fertilizers of plant and animal origin, practical experience of EU agricultural enterprises are highlighted. Ecological and economic indicators of efficiency of organic products production are analyzed: ecological intensity, resource intensity, energy intensity of harvest, efficiency of organic fertilizers application. The priority and prospects of development of organic agriculture in Ukraine are revealed.


Author(s):  
A.P. Kovalchuk ◽  

The article analyzes the current problems of ecologization of the agro-industrial complex of Russia, substantiates the great potential for the development of organic agriculture in our country. In recent years, a number of legislative acts have been adopted aimed at solving some of the problems of domestic production and sale of organic products. For the long-term development of the industry, the “strategy for the development of the agro-industrial and fisheries complex until 2030” has been adopted. Among the goals of the strategy: the introduction of a national system of environmental certification of fisheries and industries, as well as the solution of such problems as falsification of environmentally friendly products and legal support for relations in the field of production of environmentally friendly products. The results of scientific research show that despite the adopted legal acts, the production of organic products in Russia is only at the initial stage of its development. Our country is far from the first place in the world rankings in terms of the level of development of ecologization of agriculture. In our opinion, one of the reasons for the low level of development of organic agriculture in the Russian Federation is the lack of development of the system of state regulation in this area. Therefore, the state should soon devote all its efforts to the formation of a sufficient regulatory framework that is harmonized with international requirements for the production of organic products and takes into account the need to create certification institutions and control systems. The article suggests promising directions for the development of agriculture, focused on improving the previously mentioned strategy in order to more effectively support organic farmers and solve socio-economic problems in rural areas.


2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henny Mayrowani

<p><strong>English</strong><br />Awareness of the dangers posed by the use of synthetic chemicals in farming attracts attention at both the producers and consumers. Most consumers will choose safe food ingredients for better health and it drives increased demand for organic products. Healthy, environmentally friendly life-style becomes a new trend and has been institutionalized internationally which requires assurance that agricultural products should be safe for consumption (food safety attributes), high nutrient content (nutritional attributes) and environmentally friendly (eco-labeling attributes).  Indonesia has a great potential to compete in the international market, but it should be implemented gradually. This is because of many comparative advantages, i.e. (i) there are large land areas available for organic  farming; (ii) technology to support organic farming is available such as composting, no-tillage planting, biological pesticides, among others. Although the government has launched various policies on organic agriculture such as "Go Organic 2010”, but the development of organic farming in the country is relatively slow. This situation is due to various problems such as market constraints, consumers’ interest, relatively expensive organic products certification for small farmers, and lack of farmers’ partnership with private companies. However, interest for organic farming has grown and it is expected to have positive impacts on the development of organic agriculture in Indonesia.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Kesadaran tentang bahaya yang ditimbulkan oleh pemakaian bahan kimia sintetis dalam pertanian menjadikan pertanian organik menarik perhatian baik di tingkat produsen maupun konsumen. Kebanyakan konsumen akan memilih bahan pangan yang aman bagi kesehatan dan ramah lingkungan, sehingga mendorong meningkatnya permintaan produk organik. Pola hidup sehat yang akrab lingkungan telah menjadi trend baru  dan telah melembaga secara internasional yang mensyaratkan jaminan bahwa produk pertanian harus beratribut aman dikonsumsi (food safety attributes), kandungan nutrisi tinggi (nutritional attributes), dan ramah lingkungan (eco-labelling attributes). Indonesia memiliki potensi yang cukup besar untuk bersaing di pasar internasional walaupun secara bertahap. Hal ini karena berbagai keunggulan komparatif antara lain: (i) masih banyak sumberdaya lahan yang dapat dibuka untuk mengembangkan sistem pertanian organik, (ii) teknologi untuk mendukung pertanian organik sudah cukup tersedia seperti pembuatan kompos, tanam tanpa olah tanah, pestisida hayati dan lain-lain. Walaupun pemerintah telah mencanangkan berbagai kebijakan dalam pengembangan pertanian organik seperti ‘Go Organic 2010’, namun perkembangan pertanian organik di Indonesia masih sangat lambat.  Keadaan ini disebabkan oleh berbagai kendala antara lain kendala pasar, minat konsumen dan pemahaman terhadap produk organik, proses sertifikasi yang dianggap berat oleh petani kecil, organisasi petani serta kemitraan petani dengan pengusaha. Namun minat bertani terhadap pertanian organik sudah tumbuh. Hal ini diharapkan akan berdampak positif terhadap pengembangan petanian organik.</p>


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