Intended and actual behavior of organic farmers in Austria after a five-year commitment period

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leopold Kirner ◽  
Stefan Vogel ◽  
Walter Schneeberger
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Commitment Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Actual Decision

Organic farmers throughout Austria were asked in 1999 if, once the first agri-environmental program (ÖPUL) ends, they intended to commit themselves to a further five-year period of organic farming. The study presented here addresses those farmers who expressed in the survey the intention to end their participation in organic farming under ÖPUL, or who were undecided at that time. The aim was to compare and analyze the intended behavior with actual behavior. The research was based on material from, and analyses of, the 1999 survey and the survey conducted in 2002. Additional information regarding the reasons for abandoning (or continuing) organic farming and the decision-making process itself was collected through a series of telephone interviews in 2004. The comparison revealed a connection between actual behavior and the intentions expressed in the 1999 survey. However, there were no clear differences in terms of the reasons given in 1999 for potentially discontinuing with organic farming between those farms that remained organic and those that reverted to conventional farming methods. There were differences between those reasons given in the 1999 survey for potentially leaving organic agriculture and the reasons that determined the actual decision, as cited in telephone interviews in 2004. In the 1999 survey, economic issues were the main reasons for potentially ceasing to farm organically. When it came to the actual decision, problems concerning organic guidelines and inspections were more prominent. The environmental attitudes and the social embedding of the farmers within organic agriculture played a decisive role on those enterprises that chose to continue farming organically. The analysis indicates that the presence of a successor is also a stabilizing factor for organic farming.

scholarly journals Multifunctionality of Organic Farming: Case Study from Southern Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruta Śpiewak
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Economic Welfare ◽  
Process Of Change ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organic Farmers

Abstract The main goal of this article is to answer the question whether organic farming, which is developing in some parts of Poland, can be considered as a form of multifunctional farming and contribute so to non-commodity functions and the process of change in a particular territory of given areas. The analyses are based on data obtained from 2013 of several points in the south of Poland representing a cluster of organic market oriented farmers. The results show that namely market organic farming may serve as multifunctional one, but only under certain conditions and for a specific type of farming. Through specific functions, organic farming facilitates the changes, primarily on a local scale. The existence of a strong integrated organic farming sector might influences development and change, resulting in not only the improvement of economic welfare of organic farmers, but also of whole local communities, strengthening the bonds amongst them, mobilising the social resources.

scholarly journals The Farmer’s Strategy in Maintaining the Sustainability of Organic Farming in Rowosari Village, Jember Regency

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Dwi Mardani ◽  
Maulana Surya Kusumah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Farming Community ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Cooperation Network ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

The Tani Jaya 2 farmer group is the only farming community that can develop their organic farming and survival since it was founded. As farmers who grow organic crops, they need special efforts to maintain their existence. Using a qualitative research design, researchers found that organic farmers face many challenges in managing their organic agriculture. For this reason, they must develop and ensure the sustainability of organic farming. Efforts to build farmers' knowledge in maintaining organic farming were established and influenced by the success of the strategies they used. Their plans include, firstly, empowering through the assistance of agricultural capital. Second, maintaining product quality. Third, build an external cooperation network. By relying on this effort, organic farming in Jember District can survive. Keywords: awareness construction, organic farmer strategy, organic farmer empowerment. Referensi: Basrowi. 2005. Pengantar Sosiologi. Bogor: Ghalia Indonesia. Creswell,         John     W.       2014.   Research Design:        Pendekatan     Metode Kualitatif,       Kuantitatif, dan Campuran. Terjemahan   oleh Achmad Fawaidi & Rianayati K.P. 2016. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Damsar & Indriyani. 2009. Pengantar sosiologi ekonomi. Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. 1991. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka. Harker, R., Mahar, C., dan Wilkes, Chris. 1990. (Habitus X Modal) + Ranah =      Praktik:           Pengantar Paling Komprehensif kepada Pemikiran Pierre Bourdieu. Terjemahan oleh Pipit Maizier. Yogyakarta: Jalasutra. Henslin, James M. 2006. Sosiologi dengan Pendekatan Membumi (6 ed.). (W. Hardani, B. A. Yoso, Eds., & K. Sunarto, Trans.). Jakarta: Erlangga Khotimah,       Aidah Chusnul.          2016. Konstruksi Pengetahuan Tentang Pertanian Organik  Pada Petani Desa    Wates Kabupaten Tulungagung. Skripsi. Jember: Sosiologi. Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan      Ilmu Politik.  Universitas Jember. Moleong, Lexi J. 2000. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. (Tjun Sujarman, (Ed.).  Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya. Mubarok, J. Ifnul. 2012. Kamus Istilah Ekonomi. Bandung: Yrama Widya Pribadi, Deki. 2016. Strategi Kelompok Tani Mandiri dalam Mewujudkan Pertanian Organik dan Wisata Organik di Desa Lombok Kulon Kecamatan Wonosari Kabupaten Bondowoso. Skripsi. Jember: Sosiologi. Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik. Universitas Jember. Ritzer, George dan Goodman, D. J. Teori Sosiologi Modern. Terjemahan Oleh Alimandan. 2003. Jakarta: Kencana. Soekanto, Soerjono. 1983. Kamus Sosiologi. Jakarta: CV. Rajawali. Soetriono. 1993. Dasar Ilmu Pertanian. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jember. Sutanto, Rachman. 2002. Pertanian Organik: Menuju Pertanian Alternatif dan Berkelanjutan. Yogyakarta: Kanisius. Universitas Jember. 2012. Pedoman Penulisan Karya Ilmiah. Jember: Jember University Press. Internet: Firli, Andhika. 2013. Revolusi Hijau dan Dampak    Buruknya. http://www.kompasiana.com/firlianggara/revolusi-hijaudandampakburuknya_552e08686ea8345b248 b457b. diakses             tanggal 03 Oktober 2016.

The economic implications of organic farming

1986 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Cacek ◽  
Linda L. Langner
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Balance Of Trade

AbstractMany farmers are turning to organic or “low input” farming as a strategy for economic survival. Several comparisons of actual grain farms in the central and northern states showed that organic farming equals or exceeds conventional farming in economic performance. These findings are supported by studies that used yield data from research plots as inputs to economic models. However, models that relied more heavily on hypothetical data showed an economic disadvantage for organic farming. This may have been a result of the failure of the hypothetical models to incorporate valid assumptions on conservation and efficient utilization of water, nutrients, fuel, labor, and capital. Established organic farmers are less vulnerable to natural and economic risks than conventional farmers because their systems are more diversified. They also are less able, however, to take advantage of income tax deductions. Future trends in commodity prices, input prices, pollution regulation, and research can be expected to have mixed effects on conventional and organic farmers, but the net impact will probably favor organic farmers. On a macroeconomic (i.e. national) scale, conversion to organic farming would have many benefits. It would reduce federal costs for supporting commodity prices, reduce depletion of fossil fuels, reduce the social costs associated with erosion, improve fish and wildlife habitats, and insure the productivity of the land for future generations. However, widespread conversion to organic farming would have an undesirable impact on the balance of trade. Future research on the economics of organic farming at the farm or microeconomics level should be directed at horticultural crops, southern latitudes, marketing, and the process of conversion from conventional to organic farming. Future macroeconomic research should quantify the social benefits described above, enabling decision makers to compare organic farming with other policy options.

scholarly journals Healing the Metabolic Rift between Farming and the Eco-System: Challenges Facing Organic Farmers in Canada and in Sweden

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Clow ◽  
Darrell McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Food System ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Metabolic Rift ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organic Farmers

There is a growing list of scholarly and popular works which, when taken collectively, raise major concerns about industrialized farming and our present food system, particularly its impact on the natural environment. Over a century ago, Karl Marx used the concept “metabolic rift” to describe problems related to ecological and social sustainability resulting from capitalist industry and agriculture. in this paper, we examine the extent to which some members of today’s organic farming movement are addressing the metabolic rift and changing the social organization of food production.

scholarly journals Analisis Respon dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Petani terhadap Penerapan Pertanian Organik di Kota Mataram

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Aeko Fria Utama FR ◽  
Muhammad Nursan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Production Equipment ◽  
City Government ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Categorical Data Analysis ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
The City

The city of Mataram is one of the regions that has the potential for developing organic agriculture and has prepared a policy of using organic materials for farmers in conducting their farming. One of the policies of the Mataram City Government in supporting organic farming practices is to provide assistance in the form of production equipment in the form of an organic fertilizer counter for each farmer group. But in reality, at this time there are still not many farmers who want to do an organic farming system in their farming business. The purpose of this study is to 1) Determine farmers' responses to organic agriculture, and 2) link the factors that encourage farmers to apply organic farming. The method used in this research is descriptive method. This research was conducted in two districts namely Selaparang Subdistrict and Sekarbela Subdistrict, Mataram City, which were selected by purposive sampling. The data in this study are cross section data obtained from interviews with 40 people taken by quota sampling consisting of 20 organic farmers and 20 non-organic farmers. The data collected is then analyzed using a categorical data analysis model. The results showed that, the response of organic farmers to organic farming in the city of Mataram depended on positive results. The response of organic farmers to organic farming in the city of Mataram was positive because respondents thought that the benefits of organic farming on soil fertility were very high, could reduce environmental pollution and could increase increased agriculture. While the response of non-organic farmers to organic farming is in the moderate / less positive range. This causes the complexity of the application of organic agriculture both in terms of fertilization and when spraying pests and diseases. Factors that support farmers in implementing organic farming systems in the city of Mataram are the role of extension workers, approval of agricultural technology and capital. While the factors that hamper farmers involving organic agriculture are farmer prices, prices of organic products which are the same as non-organic products, capital, access to information and access to organic agricultural production.

What Can We Learn From Factorial Surveys About Human Behavior?

Methodology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Petzold ◽  
Tobias Wolbring
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Factorial Survey ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Intended Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Survey Experiments ◽  
High Level

Abstract. Factorial survey experiments are increasingly used in the social sciences to investigate behavioral intentions. The measurement of self-reported behavioral intentions with factorial survey experiments frequently assumes that the determinants of intended behavior affect actual behavior in a similar way. We critically investigate this fundamental assumption using the misdirected email technique. Student participants of a survey were randomly assigned to a field experiment or a survey experiment. The email informs the recipient about the reception of a scholarship with varying stakes (full-time vs. book) and recipient’s names (German vs. Arabic). In the survey experiment, respondents saw an image of the same email. This validation design ensured a high level of correspondence between units, settings, and treatments across both studies. Results reveal that while the frequencies of self-reported intentions and actual behavior deviate, treatments show similar relative effects. Hence, although further research on this topic is needed, this study suggests that determinants of behavior might be inferred from behavioral intentions measured with survey experiments.

The 1980s to the Present

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Barton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Organic Certification ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Mainstream Press

While a few positive stories on organic farming appeared in the 1970s most mainstream press coverage mocked or dismissed organic farmers and consumers. Nevertheless, the growing army of consumer shoppers at health food stores in the United States made the movement impossible to ignore. The Washington Post and other newspapers shifted from negative caricatures of organic farming to a supportive position, particularly after the USDA launched an organic certification scheme in the United States under the leadership of Robert Bergland. Certification schemes in Europe and other major markets followed, leading to initiatives by the United Nations for the harmonization of organic certification through multilateral agencies. As organic standards proliferated in the 1990s the United Nations stepped in to resolve the regulatory fragmentation creating a global market for organic goods.

scholarly journals Benefits of Organic Agriculture under the Perspective of the Bioeconomy: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6852
Author(s):  
Camila Fritzen Cidón ◽  
Paola Schmitt Figueiró ◽  
Dusan Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
World Population ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Development Objectives ◽  
Global Growth

The opportunities for the global growth of the bioeconomy (BE) are generated by the need to expand the food supply for an increasing world population without compromising the environment even further. Organic agriculture (OA) claims to be more environmentally friendly than conventional agriculture and capable of addressing sustainable development objectives by using green technologies, resulting in economic, social, and ecological benefits. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relation between OA and BE through a systematic literature review. We addressed the benefits of OA under perspective of the main aspects of BE. As demonstrated by previous papers assessed on this review, OA can be a means to facilitate strategies for the use of renewable resources to mitigate the emergencies arising from global warming, as claimed by the BE concept. This article introduces a necessary discussion due the lack of previous studies reporting the capacity of OA to connect with the BE. As a final contribution, we present a conceptual framework characterizing potential benefits of OA under the perspective of BE, for organic farmers and researchers to advance in sustainability and green innovation.

Los estereotipos sociales a través del filtro de la traducción

Babel ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-233
Author(s):  
Gemma Andújar Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Social Stereotypes ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
Thought Patterns ◽  
Points Of View

Cultural referents not only designate specific realities of a given culture which do not always exist in another but they are also semantic elements which trigger social representations. By conveying values and points of view about different social groups, cultural referents become linguistic instruments to build stereotypes. These thought patterns are shared by the members of a social or cultural community and act as a filter of reality. The aim of this paper is to study the role of cultural referents in the construction of social stereotypes, focusing on the socio-cognitive universe they evoke. To this end, we have analyzed the translations techniques applied in the Spanish, Catalan and English versions of a novel which has been very successful on the French literary scene: Muriel Barbery’s L’Élégance du hérisson (2006). As show the results of this textual comparison, the explanations, descriptions and additional information observed in target texts do not trigger the same associations as cultural referents do in the source text. Translational approaches are too limited when it comes to achieve linguistic adequacy to different world visions. Therefore, translation must be conceived as an encounter between two cultural systems, in which the translator must build bridges, not so much between two linguistic systems as between the social perceptions and values of two different cultural communities.

scholarly journals Effects of Organic Energy Crop Rotations and Fertilisation with the Liquid Digestate Phase on Organic Carbon in the Topsoil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1393
Author(s):  
Karin S. Levin ◽  
Karl Auerswald ◽  
Hans Jürgen Reents ◽  
Kurt-Jürgen Hülsbergen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Liquid Digestate ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Positive Effect

Combining organic farming and biogas production from agricultural feedstocks has been suggested as a way of achieving carbon (C) neutrality in Europe. However, as the long-term effects of C removal for methane production on soil organic carbon (SOC) are unclear, organic farmers in particular have questioned whether farm biogas production will have a positive effect on soil fertility. Eight years of data from an organic long-term field trial involving digestate fertilisation and various crop rotations (CRs) with differing proportions of clover-grass leys were used to calculate C inputs based on the CANDY model, and these modelled changes compared with measured changes in SOC content (SOCc) over the same period. Measured SOCc increased by nearly 20% over the eight years. Digestate fertilisation significantly increased SOCc. Fertilised plots with the highest proportion of clover-grass in the CR had the highest SOCc. The C inputs from clover-grass leys, even if they only made up 25% of the CR, were high enough to increase SOCc, even with the removal of all aboveground biomass and without fertilisation. Our results show that biogas production based on clover-grass leys could be an important part of sustainable farming, improving or maintaining SOCc and improving nutrient flows, particularly in organic farming, while simultaneously providing renewable energy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document