Coronavirus and Medical Ethics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaspal Kaur Oberoi
Keyword(s):  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Infectivity Rate ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Common ◽  
Dead Bodies ◽  
The Right

Medical ethics has been followed in most nations for decades. But during COVID 19 pandemic situation, again every nation has to deal with the ethics related to categorizing patients and health care distribution while maintaining community health. To solve the dilemma of consequentialist and non-consequentialist theories, the major focus was driven on community health. But while looking at the rate of infected, cured, and death, it’s an alarming sign to India to strengthen the medical resources and follow the common good approach. Every Indian citizen has the right to get proper treatment and funerals after death. Considering the problem associated with the spreading of the virus through dead bodies, cremation was done by medical staff. Due to the limited availability of medical staff and lack of an electric furnace, many dead bodies were cremated after a long time. Due to inadequate medical professionals and technical constraints, the infectivity rate is increasing which is affecting the economy, mental strength, and social values. Hence, now we have to start thinking and working on strengthening hospitals, diagnostic labs, and sophisticated cremation centers to avoid negligence and to follow ethics.

Theology as Work: The Mandatum and the Rights of Labor

Horizons ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
Patrick T. McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Academic Freedom ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Catholic Social Teaching ◽  
Social Teaching ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Church ◽  
Safe Working

ABSTRACTMany oppose the mandatum as a threat to the academic freedom of Catholic scholars and the autonomy and credibility of Catholic universities. But the imposition of this juridical bond on working theologians is also in tension with Catholic Social Teaching on the rights and dignity of labor. Work is the labor necessary to earn our daily bread. But it is also the vocation by which we realize ourselves as persons and the profession through which we contribute to the common good. Thus, along with the right to a just wage and safe working conditions, Catholic Social Teaching defends workers' rights to a full partnership in the enterprise, and calls upon the church to be a model of participation and cooperation. The imposition of the mandatum fails to live up to this standard and threatens the jobs and vocations of theologians while undermining this profession's contribution to the church.

Aristotle

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-50
Author(s):  
Terence Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Virtuous Person ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Rational Part ◽  
Human Good ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right

Aristotle agrees with Plato that virtue requires the cooperation of the rational and the non-rational parts of the soul, and that the virtuous person is always better off than the non-virtuous, even though virtue alone is not sufficient for happiness. To strengthen Plato’s argument for this claim, he offers a more detailed account of the nature of happiness, and of the relation between virtue and happiness. Since happiness is the supreme human good, it should be identified with rational activity in accordance with virtue in a complete life, in which external circumstances are favourable. A virtue of character is the appropriate agreement between the rational and the non-rational parts of the soul, aiming at fine action (i.e., action that promotes the common good). This requirement of appropriate agreement distinguishes virtue from continence (mere control of the rational over the non-rational part). To show that a life of virtue, so defined, promotes the agent’s happiness, Aristotle argues that one’s own happiness requires the right kind of friendship with others, in which one aims at the good of others for their own sake.

Trespass and Kyosei in Cyberspace

2011 ◽  
pp. 205-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Spinello
Keyword(s):  
Copyright Protection ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
Data Usage ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Common ◽  
Prima Facie Duty ◽  
The Right ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Factual Data

This chapter considers the theme of trespass in cyberspace. In order to prevent unauthorized use of their data several U.S. companies have hastily filed lawsuits alleging trespass to chattels. But some of this data usage, especially for metasites, is socially valuable. Nonetheless, the courts are generally sympathetic with these trespass claims even if this means that activities like spidering or e-mail are constrained in certain contexts. Legal scholars have criticized this trend because it creates a novel property right in factual data which is not eligible for copyright protection. These legal concerns are justified, but what should moralists be saying about this matter? We argue here that both eastern and western philosophies recognize the need to respect the common good of a community or common venture. This awareness should temper a company’s narrow focus on proprietary property rights. We attempt to define the Net’s common good (or commonly shared values) and make the case that Internet users have a prima facie duty to support that common good. Thus, prudent and morally responsible companies operating on the Net will seek to balance their property entitlements with this affirmative duty to support the Internet’s common good. There is no magic formula for achieving this precarious balance, but we offer some general criteria that will orient managers toward the right direction. Finally, we explain that a private settlement of trespass matters is clearly welfare-enhancing.

scholarly journals Getting to agreement: mechanisms of deliberative decision-making

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik O. Eriksen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
The European Union ◽  
International Affairs ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
Social Events ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Decision Making

Deliberation has not only epistemic and moral value, it also has transformative value. Even if deliberation faces the problem of indeterminacy, it is assumed to have explanatory power. This article spells out why this is so and suggests a way to establish the causing effect of deliberation. It outlines a reason-based (RB) model of political decision-making applicable also to international affairs. By specifying a theory of argumentation on collective decision-making, we get to the nuts and bolts of deliberative decision-making, which, when supported by institutional powers, ensures a justified and well-grounded decision. The model contains a set of rules of inference and offers ‘mechanismic’ accounts of social events. It allows for explanations, but not predictions. The RB model conceives of decision-making as consisting of three sequences: claims-making, justification, and learning, each containing a set of explanatory mechanisms: values referring to conceptions of the common good, mandatory norms concerning the right thing to do, and evidence to the fact that non-compliance is wrong. The explanatory potential of this scheme is exemplified with reference to agreement making in the European Union. Some actors changed opinion voluntarily with regard to empowering the European parliament.

The common good as an invisible hand: Machiavelli's legacy to public management

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Rochet
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Invisible Hand ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Research Programmes ◽  
Complex Decision Making ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right

Public management has been dominated by the quest for efficiency and has left us with fundamental ethical questions that remain unresolved. It is argued that Machiavellian thought may provide us with concepts and tools applicable to ruling societies confronted with uncertainties and change that are (1) in line with the most recent insights into institutional evolution and (2) appropriate to solve complex decision-making problems. The common good — a central concept of Machiavelli's thought — appears to be an invisible hand that lowers the transaction costs and acts as the keystone of complex public affairs thinking. This analysis is illustrated by a comparative case study of the two management projects of infrastructure crossing the Alps, the AlpTransit in Switzerland, and the Lyon Torino Link. It concludes with a proposal to upgrade the research program in public management that allows effectiveness (legitimacy of the ends) and effectiveness in its implementation. Points for practitioners The mainstream of public management theories and reform has been dominated by the quest of efficiency as a Holy Grail. I argue that theses reforms didn't deliver with their promises and left us with fundamental ethical questions unresolved: doing things right do not answer to the question of doing the right things. The main reason is a profound misunderstanding of the very nature of the ongoing change process that makes any kind one size fits all recipes inappropriate. Such a sea change occurred in the Renaissance era and Machiavelli bequeathed us a comprehensive understanding of how to rule a public body in a changing and uncertain world. I explain Machiavelli's misunderstood legacy and apply his teaching to analyzing two huge management projects of public infrastructures. I conclude on what has to be upgrade in the research programmes in public management to confront with the challenges of our era that call for a back to basics of classical political philosophy

scholarly journals The Wafers Dumped: Lamenting a Bleeding Nation in Cry, the Beloved Country

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Dr. Leon BASHIRAHISHIZE,
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The South ◽  
South African Society ◽  
African Community ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right

Alan Paton’s wistful novel Cry, the Beloved Country which was released at the threshold of Apartheid in South Africa relates the South African socio-political instability at the time when racism and poverty are profoundly shaking the nation’s foundations [1]. The work explores the aftermaths brought by racial bondage that the subjugated black endures and the repercussions it casts on the whole South African society. This chapter examines how the writer grapples with the dangers brought by racial discrimination and urban life on the South African community as a whole. Paton’s view of Race and city projects a negative perception about the white racism and black crime that create tensions between the national forces [1]. This social polarity puts at risk the nation’s prospects that would build and maintain the “beloved country” which is gradually collapsing. It is this decaying state of the nation that Paton mourns in the novel. The study establishes that race and skin color do not have any relation that would define an individual’s nature and inner feelings to justify one’s deportment. The wrong or the right is a result of an individual’s moral predisposition coupled with the socio-cultural forces that feature his environment. It has also been noted that urban life corrupts; in some situations, it converts an individual into a rogue becoming a threat against society and an enemy against oneself to impair the common good.

scholarly journals What's faith got to do with it?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Maclean ◽  
Agnes Meinhard ◽  
Areeta Bridgemohan
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
The Other ◽  
Food Banks ◽  
World Religion ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Normative Practices ◽  
Basic Distinction ◽  
The Common

“What’s faith got to do with it?” In this paper we explore the multilayered role of faith in two food banks in Toronto. We are drawing on a larger study of five partnerships between faithbased organizations and others for the common good, a study that unpacks the interesting dynamics of collaborations involving at least one faith partner. In the selection we have made for our present paper, the reader can expect to find a description and analysis of those dynamics as they pertain to individuals, groups, religious and secular organizations, new immigrants and long time residents, a rich variety of faith groups—all around the issues of having enough to eat, human dignity and the formation of community. When we use the word “faith” we are aware of the multiplicity of meanings carried by the term. There is a basic distinction, famously formulated by Wilfred Cantwell Smith, between the faith that animates and is held by an individual and ‘a faith’ in the sense of a world religion, which has a history, traditions, sacred texts, liturgy, normative practices, teachings, creeds, buildings, authorized leaders— in short all the characteristics of a religion established over many centuries. Of course, there is a symbiotic relationship between the personal and the institutional. Each enlarges and enriches the other; neither can exist without the other. Keywords: CVSS, Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Working Paper Series,TRSM, Ted Rogers School of Management Citation:

scholarly journals A STUDY ON ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS AMONG THE TEACHER EDUCATORS OF KUVEMPU UNIVERSITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 289-295
Author(s):  
Dr. Shivakumar GS
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Concerted Action ◽  
The People ◽  
Decent Life ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right

Every human being has the right to decent life but today there are elements in our environment that tend to militate against the attainment and enjoyment of such a life. The exacerbation of the pollution of environment can cause untold misery. Unhappiness and suffering to human beings, simply because of our lack of concerns for the common good and the absence of sense of responsibility and ethics for sustaining a balanced eco-system. If we are to aspire to a better quality of life – one which will ensure freedom from want, from disease and from fear itself, then we must all join hands to stem the increasing toxification of this earth. What we need in order to defuse this environmental time bomb is immediate concerted action of all the people, but such needed action will come only if we reorient such citizenry values, i.e., imbibe them with proper awareness and values (ethics), specifically those that will lead to a greater concern for preserving balance in the ecosystem, besides teaching them how to save the environment from further degradation, and to help, make it more healthful and progressive place to live in, springs from a strong sense of social responsibility. KEYWORD: Environmental Ethics

scholarly journals The Essential Ingredients of a Future Curriculum Design

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Regina Joseph Cyril ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Curriculum Design ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Common ◽  
Survival Skills ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Right

The advent of industrialization and the advancement of technology at a rapid rate has been a concern for countries that aim to meet the demands of globalization and future job markets. The stability of a country’s economy is the aspiration of politicians as opposed to equipping individuals with survival skills to live in a sustainable world as human beings capable of solving problems. What are the essential ingredients for our future generation? The curriculum should produce individuals who can solve problems in the future regardless of the circumstances or a generation equipped with knowledge for future jobs, which are non-existent now. The targeted product should be a human being who is able to balance the demands of modernization through knowledge of artificial intelligence or a holistic individual who can balance mind and matter to thrive in a sustainable world for the common good of our planet and its citizens. This paper attempts to study the right ingredients needed for a future curriculum design by examining what is lacking now and recommending a design suited for sustainable economic and ecological living.

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