scholarly journals Evaluating the effectiveness of a shipping company environmental protection

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
В.Ю. Каминский ◽  
Д.А. Скороходов ◽  
С.Н. Турусов
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Functional Safety ◽  
Safety Criterion ◽  
Safety Models ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Ship Repair

В статье сформирована структура показателей оценки безопасности для транспортных средств морского и внутреннего водного транспорта. Каждый компонент структуры включает от двух до пяти составляющих. Обоснованы группы оценочных критериев: функциональные, экономические, социальные, экологические и информационные. Установлено, что в качестве основных критериев безопасности водных транспортных средств целесообразно рассматривать значения концентраций опасных веществ (экологическая безопасность), уровень шума на судах (экологическая безопасность), уровень аварийности и травматизма на судне (функциональная безопасность), уровень ущерба от аварий и инцидентов на судне (функциональная безопасность) и уровень риска, как интегральный критерий безопасности. Показаны причины возникновения технических аварийных ситуаций, которые связаны с недостатками в организации работы судовых экипажей, с низкой квалификацией личного состава, с ошибочными действиями береговых служб управления, технического обслуживания и судоремонта. Утверждается, что для получения количественных показателей безопасности водной транспортной системы необходимо разработать модели безопасности для её элементов с учетом разнообразных ситуаций и определить вероятностные характеристики частных событий (аварий и инцидентов), входящих в модели безопасности. The structure of safety assessment indicators for sea and inland water transport vehicles is formed in the article. Each component of the structure includes from two to five components. The groups of evaluation criteria are justified: functional, economic, social, environmental and informational. It is established that as the main criteria for the safety of water vehicles, it is advisable to consider the values of concentrations of hazardous substances (environmental safety), the noise level on ships (environmental safety), the level of accidents and injuries on the ship (functional safety), the level of damage from accidents and incidents on the ship (functional safety) and the level of risk as an integral safety criterion. The reasons for the occurrence of technical emergencies are shown, which are associated with shortcomings in the organization of the work of ship crews, low qualification of personnel, with erroneous actions of the coastal management services, maintenance and ship repair. It is argued that in order to obtain quantitative indicators of the safety of a water transport system, it is necessary to develop safety models for its elements taking into account various situations and to determine the probabilistic characteristics of particular events (accidents and incidents) included in the safety models.

scholarly journals Improving the environmental assessment of objects in the system of construction engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 01009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim Bespalov ◽  
Ekaterina Kotlyarova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Environmental Criteria

The problem of maintaining the proper level of environmental safety in urban areas currently is not yet fully resolved. In this case, a special role at the level of impact on the environment is played by the industry of design, construction and operation of construction projects and urban facilities for various purposes. To solve this issue in our research, we identified and systematized the main characteristics of the groups, which largely determine the state of both individual objects of the urban environment and urban economy, and urbanized territories as a whole. As a result, groups of environmental, economic and social characteristics were obtained. In addition, we paid attention to the distribution of the importance of the evaluation criteria regarding the type of functional zone of the urbanized territory. Further in the article, we proposed to determine the environmental criteria based on the characteristics of the state of individual components of the surrounding urban environment and the characteristics of economic activity in the territory under consideration, causing qualitative changes in the state of this environment. Our research allows us to identify the dominant importance of the environmental criteria for a specific urbanized area and the need to take it into account at the initial design stage. At further stages, we intend to conduct scientific research to derive a dimensionless indicator based on the environmental criteria described above with the further development of an appropriate methodology, which will allow us to assess comprehensively the degree of construction projects and urban facilities for various purposes impact on the environmental safety of urbanized territories and develop appropriate measures for its optimization and reduction.

scholarly journals A Multi-Criteria Decision Framework Considering Different Levels of Decision-Maker Involvement to Reconfigure Manufacturing Systems

Machines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Mabkhot ◽  
Saber Darmoul ◽  
Ali M. Al-Samhan ◽  
Ahmed Badwelan
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Reconfigurable Manufacturing ◽  
New Production ◽  
Industrial Case Study ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Weighting Methods ◽  
Different Levels

Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems (RMSs) rely on a set of technologies to quickly adapt the manufacturing system capacity and/or functionality to meet unexpected disturbances, such as fluctuation/uncertainty of demand and/or unavailability/unreliability of resources. At the operational stage, such disturbances raise new production requirements and risks, which call upon Decision-Makers (DMs) to analyze the opportunity to move from a running configuration to another more competitive one. Such a decision is generally based on an evaluation of a multitude of criteria, and several multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches have been suggested to help DMs with the reconfiguration process. Most existing MCDM approaches require some assignment of weights to the criteria, which is not a trivial task. Unfortunately, existing studies on MCDM for an RMS have not provided guidelines to weigh the evaluation criteria. This article fills in this gap by offering a framework to set up such weights. We provide a comprehensive set of quantitative indicators to evaluate the reconfiguration decisions during the operation of the RMS. We suggest three weighting methods that are convenient to different levels of DM expertise and desired degree of involvement in the reconfiguration process. These weighting methods are based on (1) intuitive weighting, (2) revised Simos procedural weighting combined with the Technique for Order of Preferences by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and (3) DM independent weighting using ELECTRE IV. The implementation of the suggested framework and a comparison of the suggested methods carried out on an industrial case study are described herein.

Research on Evaluation Index System of Non-Metallic Materials Recycling Technologies from Copper Clad Laminate

2015 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 627-635
Author(s):  
Xiao Peng Li ◽  
Yun Song ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Index System ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Evaluation Index ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Research On Evaluation ◽  
Technical Evaluation ◽  
Materials Recycling ◽  
Social Environmental

The Copper Clad Laminate (CCL) residue recycling technologies are important to improve the recycling of waste circuit boards and reducing the environmental impact during its life cycle. However, there has not yet been able to have the technical evaluation criteria for CCL residue. This study demonstrates the feasibility of one recycling technology from the technical, economic, social, environmental and political, and then determinates CCL residue recycling technologies evaluation index system by Delphi Method, AHP, expert panel and Questionnaire and etc., which provides a tool for CCL residue recycling technologies assessment.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND JUSTIFICATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF ASSEMBLIES OF PYROLYSIS INSTALLATION FOR UTILIZATION OF MEDICAL WASTE

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Rostyslav Iskovich-Lototskyy ◽  
Nataliia Veselovska ◽  
Oleksii Tokarchuk ◽  
Oleksandr Skliaruk
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Degree ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Medical Waste ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Hazardous Chemical

When developing a pyrolysis plant for the disposal of medical waste, the evaluation criteria were ergonomics, operational reliability, simplicity and manufacturability of its manufacture, as well as maintainability. In certain operating conditions, given the high degree of epidemiological danger, ensuring the minimum degree of operator contact with the most medical waste is an urgent task. Therefore, the most effective solution in the development of a simple and operationally reliable pyrolysis plant for waste disposal, provided the use of a special robotic loading device and a furnace design for incinerating medical waste. The application of the above developments made it possible to efficiently for the environment, in an automated mode, dispose of medical waste with a minimum degree of operator contact with the most medical waste, as well as with minimal economic and technological disposal costs. The creation of a simpler, highly reliable and safe pyrolysis plant for the disposal of medical waste with a low cost of their manufacture, increased maintainability and a high environmental safety degree necessitates special design and theoretical calculations. Plants for the disposal of medical waste are distinguished by a special nature of work, which is the excessive creation of high temperatures, for the complete neutralization (oxidation) of hazardous chemical compounds contained in medical waste. Therefore, when developing the pyrolysis plant itself for the disposal of medical waste, one should take into account the temperature difference at the inlet and outlet of the furnace itself for incinerating medical waste. In the process of developing and justifying the design of the units of the new installation for the disposal of medical waste, the following tasks were solved: - development of a schematic diagram of the units of the facility for the disposal of medical waste, reflects the relationship between the operating and operational parameters of the facility itself; - design calculations for the units of the facility for the disposal of medical waste; - theoretical studies of the influence of the operating and operational parameters of the installation for the disposal of medical waste in the technological process of disposal of medical waste.

scholarly journals The matrix model for assessing the investment attractiveness of industrial enterprises

2019 ◽  
pp. 176-178
Author(s):  
N. Steblyuk ◽  
V. Oparenko
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Model ◽  
Quantitative Characteristic ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Property Condition ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

The article defines the role of evaluation of investment attractiveness of the enterprise. The main directions of methodological approaches to the assessment of investment attractiveness of the enterprise are given, their peculiarities and purpose are defined. The main disadvantages of methodological approaches to the assessment of investment attractiveness are revealed. It is proposed to use a matrix model to evaluate the investment attractiveness of an industrial enterprise. The necessity of using precisely a matrix model of complex nature to assess the investment attractiveness of industrial enterprises based on the use of quantitative and qualitative factors is substantiated. The main advantages of the matrix model of estimation of investment attractiveness of the enterprise are determined. A methodological toolkit for estimating the investment attractiveness of an industrial enterprise on the basis of a matrix model has been improved, taking into account the current state of domestic industrial enterprises and identifying problematic areas of activity. The matrix model has been supplemented with a matrix of quantitative indicators by a group of property condition indicators, which will allow the investor to take a more objective approach to assessing the investment attractiveness of an industrial enterprise. Quantitative indicators of investment attractiveness are grouped and their marginal evaluation criteria are given. The general index of quantitative characteristic of investment attractiveness of industrial enterprise and possible variants of estimation of its financial condition are determined. The qualitative indicators of estimation of investment attractiveness on the basis of the matrix model are given, they are given weighting coefficients and their boundary intervals are defined. On the basis of qualitative and quantitative indicators, the levels of the generalized index of investment attractiveness of an industrial enterprise according to the matrix model have been formed, which will allow to prove to the investor the expediency of investing in an industrial enterprise. Keywords investment; investment attractiveness; investment potential; enterprise; matrix model.

scholarly journals Methodical approaches to assessment of the capability of biochemical decomposition of polymeric materials and their wastes

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
S.V. Snoz ◽  
L.М. Smerdova ◽  
L.O. Prokopenko ◽  
O.O. Bobyliova
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Biodegradable Materials ◽  
Test Scheme ◽  
Packaging Waste

Actuality. The urgency of the topic is due to the fact that recently the problem of environmental safety in connection with the generation of large quantities of waste has become particularly acute. A separate aspect of this problem is the accumulation of polymeric material wastes, in particular packaging and packaging waste. Preventing packaging and packaging waste with a view to ensuring a high level of protection of the environment and human health is a major goal of regulation in the field of packaging and packaging management, both nationally and internationally. Materials and Methods.The purpose of the work is to analyze the existing requirements for packaging and its waste in the EU and Ukraine and to systematize the methods used in the process of evaluation and certification of polymeric packaging according to biodegradation criteria. It is stated that the manufacture of packaging must be carried out in such a way that the level of toxic and other harmful substances and materials that are components or components of the packaging is minimized. Packaging to be recovered through energy recovery must have the minimum required calorific value for energy recovery. Organic recovery packaging should be characterized by its ability to decompose under the influence of microorganisms, which should not interfere with its separate collection. The use of biodegradable materials for packaging and packaging is a new step in the field of packaging and packaging waste management, which will prevent waste generation. The characteristic of the main types of biodegradable polymeric materials is given. DSTU EN 13432: 2015 “Packaging. Requirements for packaging recoverable through composting and biodegradation. Test scheme and evaluation criteria for the final acceptance of packaging» and DSTU EN 14995: 2018 «Plastics. Evaluation of compostability. Test scheme and specifications”, which sets out the basic requirements and procedures for determining the biodegradability of packaging and packaging materials, which will allow the assessment and certification of packaging according to biodegradation criteria both for the internal market and for export. Conclusions. The introduction of methods and test schemes for assessing the biochemical degradation capacity of packaging will accelerate the introduction of biodegradable materials in the consumer market of Ukraine, reduce the total amount of packaging and packaging waste, and help meet the goals set by the 2030 National Waste Management Plan. Key Words: packaging waste, EU Directives, biopolymer materials, biodegradability, methods for determining biodegradation.

scholarly journals Water transport and energetic of North European part of Russia (a review)

2017 ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
N.N. Filatov ◽  
◽  
V.A. Karpechko ◽  
A.V. Litvinenko ◽  
M.S. Bogdanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
Inland Waterways ◽  
The North ◽  
Hydropower Plants ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
Future Economic Development

The article deals with the problem of water transport and energy development, and their peculiarities in the north of European Russia. The specific features of water transport and energy were considered for each of the regions. The main challenges and possible solutions for the development of water supply were studied. Inland waterways in the northern part of European Russia constitute about 13% of the length of Russia’s inland waterways. The region has considerable potential for the development of inland waterways. The main problem for inland water transport lies in an unsatisfactory condition of the waterways. Water transport cannot be developed further without addressing the shortage of new ports and docks, as well as without the introduction of new cargo and passenger vessels. The region has significant untapped hydropower potential. The hydropower characteristics of watercourses typical of the north of European Russia allow for the generation of electricity by small hydropower plants, fully satisfying the needs of regions whose economies are focused on agricultural and forest industry. Revival of the small hydropower industry will help to both avoid energy deficit in remote areas and reduce the burden on the environment. Some problems of water resources of the north of European Russia are associated with partly outdated laws and regulations, flaws of water management systems, their lack of compliance with the current and future economic development of the country, as well as the requirements of environmental safety.

scholarly journals MODEL OF SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF LAND RECULTIVATION OF PLACES OF AMMUNITION DISPOSAL AND DESTRUCTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Yurij Didovets ◽  
Volodymyr Koloskov ◽  
Hanna Koloskova ◽  
Abdulbaqi Jinadu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Management System ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Safety Criterion ◽  
Safety Management System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Explosion Risk

An analysis of the impact of explosion hazards on the level of environmental safety of disposal and destruction of ammunition. An analysis of existing technologies of land reclamation that can be used for places of disposal and destruction of ammunition, and identified opportunities and limitations of their use. For the first time, a simulation model of the safety management system for land reclamation and ammunition destruction was created. During the development of the model, it is proposed to consider the parameters of the site of disposal and destruction of ammunition, which determine the parameters of explosion risk, and environmental quality indicators, as responses to the influence of factors of operation of the site of disposal and destruction of ammunition. Safety criteria are determined using a regulatory approach in three areas: current factors, explosion risk parameters and environmental quality indicators. The integrated safety criterion is defined as the highest value of all individual safety criteria.

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