scholarly journals The effects of soil application of organic mate-rials on the dispersal, root penetration of soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines and on yield loss of soybean

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuo UEDA
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Root Penetration ◽  
Soil Application

Yield loss caused by soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, in Iran

Nematology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Heydari ◽  
Zahra Tanha Maafi ◽  
Ebrahim Pourjam
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Resistant Cultivar ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Second Stage

The soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, is of major economic importance and widely distributed throughout the world. The effect of H. glycines HG Type 0 on seed yield of susceptible and resistant soybean cultivars was assessed with and without nematicide application in two naturally infested fields in Iran. Soybean cvs BP (susceptible) and DPX (resistant) were arranged in a randomised complete block design and fenamiphos 10G was used in-furrow as a treatment. The population levels of eggs and second-stage juveniles of H. glycines were determined in soil samples collected at planting and harvesting time. Although no above-ground symptoms of nematode infection were visible, mean yield was 48% greater for the resistant cultivar compared with the susceptible cultivar. The yield of cv. BP increased by 16% in plots treated with fenamiphos compared with untreated plots. The resistant cultivar suppressed the reproduction rate of H. glycines. Seed composition, including protein and oil, did not show significant differences between resistant and susceptible cultivars. This is the first demonstration of the yield loss caused by the soybean cyst nematode in Iran.

Transgenic soybeans expressing siRNAs specific to a major sperm protein gene suppress Heterodera glycines reproduction

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan M. Steeves ◽  
Tim C. Todd ◽  
Juliane S. Essig ◽  
Harold N. Trick
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Root Tissue ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Major Sperm Protein ◽  
Sperm Protein

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, is the major disease-causing agent limiting soybean production in the USA. The current management strategy to reduce yield loss by SCN involves the deployment of resistant soybean cultivars and rotation to non-host crops. Although this management scheme has shown some success, continued yearly yield loss estimates demonstrate the limitations of these techniques. As a result, new control strategies are needed to complement the existing methods. Reported here is a novel method of SCN control that utilises RNA interference (RNAi). Transgenic soybeans were generated following transformation with an RNAi expression vector containing inverted repeats of a cDNA clone of the major sperm protein (MSP) gene from H. glycines. The accumulation of MSP-specific short interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules were detected by northern blot analysis of transgenic soybeans. T0 plants displaying MSP siRNA accumulation were deployed in a bioassay to evaluate the effects of MSP interfering molecules on H. glycines reproduction. Bioassay data has shown up to a 68% reduction in eggs g–1 root tissue, demonstrating that MSPi transgenic plants significantly reduced the reproductive potential of H. glycines. An additional bioassay evaluating progeny nematodes for maintenance of reproductive suppression indicated that progeny were also impaired in their ability to successfully reproduce, as demonstrated by a 75% reduction in eggs g–1 root tissue. The results of this study demonstrate the efficacy of an RNAi-based strategy for control of the soybean cyst nematode. In addition, these results may have important implications for the control of other plant parasitic nematodes.

Distribution of the Soybean Cyst Nematode, Heterodera glycines, in the United States and Canada: 1954 to 2014

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Tylka ◽  
Christopher C. Marett
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Initial Discovery

The soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) is considered the most damaging pathogen of soybean in the USA and Canada, and causes considerable yield loss in many other soybean-producing countries. It is believed to have been introduced into North America from Asia. The map of the known distribution of H. glycines in the USA and Canada has been updated for 2014. Maps of its known distribution in past years illustrate the spread of the pathogen since its initial discovery in the United States in 1954. Accepted for publication 20 April 2014. Published 27 May 2014.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effects of ILeVO and VOTiVO Seed Treatments on Reproduction, Hatching, Motility, and Root Penetration of the Soybean Cyst Nematode, Heterodera glycines

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustine Q. Beeman ◽  
Gregory L. Tylka
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Root Penetration ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
Treated Seed

Successful management of the soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines is limited by increased virulence of nematode populations on resistant soybean cultivars and persistence of the nematode in the soil in the absence of hosts. Seed treatments are now available for H. glycines management. However, it is unclear how these treatments affect specific life stages of the nematode. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of ILeVO (with active ingredient fluopyram) and VOTiVO (with active ingredient Bacillus firmus I-1582) seed treatments on H. glycines reproduction and important processes in the nematode life cycle, such as second-stage juvenile (J2) hatching, motility, and root penetration. The effects of seed treated with formulated (ILeVO and VOTiVO) and nonformulated active ingredient (fluopyram and B. firmus I-1582) on H. glycines reproduction were conducted in a greenhouse. Nematode reproduction on plants grown from seed treated with ILeVO or technical fluopyram (active ingredient only) was reduced by 35 to 97% relative to the nontreated control, suggesting that the fluopyram active ingredient was affecting H. glycines directly and was not an inert ingredient in the seed treatment formulation. Hatching, motility, and root penetration experiments also were conducted using only the formulated seed treatments. Exudates collected from ILeVO-treated seed reduced J2 hatching and motility by more than 95% in laboratory assays. Exudates from radicles grown from ILeVO-treated seed reduced hatching in vitro by 48% in one run but had no significant effect in the second run compared with the nontreated control exudates. There also were no consistent effects of radicle exudates, regardless of treatment, on hatching and motility of the J2. ILeVO reduced root penetration of H. glycines J2 at different inoculation densities in a growth chamber experiment. VOTiVO did not affect any of the processes or life stages of the nematode studied. The results of this study indicate that the use of nematode-protectant seed treatments may be useful in controlling H. glycines; however, additional investigations into the precise effects of ILeVO and VOTiVO on H. glycines life processes and in different parts of the soil profile are necessary.

scholarly journals Weeds Hosting the Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe): Management Implications in Agroecological Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Leonardo F. Rocha ◽  
Karla L. Gage ◽  
Mirian F. Pimentel ◽  
Jason P. Bond ◽  
Ahmad M. Fakhoury
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Sites Of Action

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is a major soybean-yield-limiting soil-borne pathogen, especially in the Midwestern US. Weed management is recommended for SCN integrated management, since some weed species have been reported to be hosts for SCN. The increase in the occurrence of resistance to herbicides complicates weed management and may further direct ecological–evolutionary (eco–evo) feedbacks in plant–pathogen complexes, including interactions between host plants and SCN. In this review, we summarize weed species reported to be hosts of SCN in the US and outline potential weed–SCN management interactions. Plants from 23 families have been reported to host SCN, with Fabaceae including most host species. Out of 116 weeds hosts, 14 species have known herbicide-resistant biotypes to 8 herbicide sites of action. Factors influencing the ability of weeds to host SCN are environmental and edaphic conditions, SCN initial inoculum, weed population levels, and variations in susceptibility of weed biotypes to SCN within a population. The association of SCN on weeds with relatively little fitness cost incurred by the latter may decrease the competitive ability of the crop and increase weed reproduction when SCN is present, feeding back into the probability of selecting for herbicide-resistant weed biotypes. Therefore, proper management of weed hosts of SCN should be a focus of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies to prevent further eco–evo feedbacks in the cropping system.

AAC Richard Soybean

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangfu Yu ◽  
Lorna Woodrow ◽  
M. Chun Shi
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Processing Quality ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
High Protein Concentration ◽  
Glycine Max L

AAC Richard is a food grade soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] cultivar with yellow hilum, high protein concentration, and good processing quality for foreign and domestic soymilk, tofu, and miso markets. It has resistance to SCN (soybean cyst nematode) (Heterodera Glycines Ichinohe). AAC Richard was developed at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Harrow Research and Development Centre (Harrow-RDC), Harrow, Ontario and is adapted to areas of southwest Ontario with 3100 or more crop heat units and has a relative maturity of 2.3 (MG 2.3).

scholarly journals Taxonomic Resolution of the Nematophagous Fungal Isolate ARF18 via Genome Sequencing

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Sharma ◽  
Alex Z. Zaccaron ◽  
John B. Ridenour ◽  
Amy Bradshaw ◽  
Terry L. Kirkpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Nematophagous Fungus ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Fungal Isolate ◽  
Taxonomic Resolution

ABSTRACT The taxonomically uncharacterized nematophagous fungus ARF18, which parasitizes cysts, juveniles, and adults of the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines), was proposed as a nematode biological control agent in 1991. A 46.3-Mb draft genome sequence of this fungus is presented, and a tentative taxonomic identification as a novel species of Brachyphoris is proposed.

scholarly journals The genome of the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) reveals complex patterns of duplications involved in the evolution of parasitism genes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Masonbrink ◽  
Tom R. Maier ◽  
Usha Muppiral ◽  
Arun S. Seetharam ◽  
Etienne Lord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Long Read ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Parasitism Genes ◽  
Nematode Genomes

AbstractHeterodera glycines, commonly referred to as the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), is an obligatory and sedentary plant parasite that causes over a billion-dollar yield loss to soybean production annually. Although there are genetic determinants that render soybean plants resistant to certain nematode genotypes, resistant soybean cultivars are increasingly ineffective because their multi-year usage has selected for virulentH. glycinespopulations. The parasitic success ofH. glycinesrelies on the comprehensive re-engineering of an infection site into a syncytium, as well as the long-term suppression of host defense to ensure syncytial viability. At the forefront of these complex molecular interactions are effectors, the proteins secreted byH. glycinesinto host root tissues. The mechanisms of effector acquisition, diversification, and selection need to be understood before effective control strategies can be developed, but the lack of an annotated genome has been a major roadblock. Here, we use PacBio long-read technology to assemble aH. glycinesgenome of 738 contigs into 123Mb with annotations for 29,769 genes. The genome contains significant numbers of repeats (34%), tandem duplicates (18.7Mb), and horizontal gene transfer events (151 genes). Using previously published effector sequences, the newly generatedH. glycinesgenome, and comparisons to other nematode genomes, we investigate the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for the emergence and diversification of effector genes.

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