KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTION TOWARDS SUPPLEMENTARY IMMUNIZATION ACTIVITIES (SIA) AMONG MOTHERS IN CHERAS, KUALA LUMPUR

Among the main reasons for re-emergence of vaccine preventable diseases were missed or incomplete immunization schedule. The supplementary immunization activity (SIA) is an important intervention done to provide complete immunization coverage among those children. Better outcome came along with good knowledge and perception on the program. Thus, this study aims to assess the level of knowledge and perception of the mothers towards SIA program. A cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers with children ≤ 15 years old in Cheras, Kuala Lumpur. Data was collected by interview using the guided questionnaire consists of four sections to assess the socio demographic, socio economic, knowledge and perception regarding SIA. The questionnaire was validated for internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha 0.461 for knowledge and 0.729 for perception. A total of 105 respondents with the median age of 33 years (IQR: 28-38) with majority of them are Malays (82.9%), Muslim (83.8%), married (97.1%) and (57.1%) with 1- 2 child in the family. Half of them were from low income family (46.7%) and had secondary education level (54.3%) and were housewives (47.6%). One third of the respondents (33%) never heard about SIA before. Overall had poor knowledge (82.9%) and perception (95.2%) towards SIA. There is a significant association between the level of knowledge on SIA with household income (χ^2=7.746, p=0.019) and occupation (χ^2=6.457, p<0.05). However, there was no significant association between the socio demographic and socio-economic factors and perception towards SIA. In conclusion, the knowledge and perception among mothers on SIA are still poor. More intensive health educations may be useful to be incorporated within the program implementation to increase the community understanding and perception towards SIA in the future.

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Vaccine hesitancy among parents in Kuala Lumpur: a single center study

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.20079.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 1653 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ahmad Farouk Musa ◽

Trived Soni ◽

Xian Pei Cheong ◽

Rusli Bin Nordin

Keyword(s):

Sample Size ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽

Past Experiences

Background: Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is defined as the delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccination despite availability of vaccination services. The main objective of this study was to improve the understanding of vaccine hesitancy (VH) among parents in Kuala Lumpur (KL), Malaysia, by determining the prevalence of VH among parents and to identify the predictors associated with a vaccine hesitant attitude. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in KL. A questionnaire was devised to collect information from parents, namely sociodemographic information, WHO determinants of VH and the Parents Attitude towards Childhood Vaccine (PACV) scale. Results: A total of 380 questionnaires were distributed and 337 were returned (88.6% response rate). Those that completed 49 (>90%) out of the 55 given questions in the survey were included for data analysis. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 were excluded, giving a sample size of 314. To identify parents, those with at least one child were included, giving a sample size of 221. We noted 60.2% (189) of the participants were females and 80.3% (252) were Malay. Our study found a prevalence of VH of 14.5% among parents based on the 15-item PACV scale. Univariate analysis found no link between sociodemographic factors and VH in parents. Only five of these determinants were included in the final model as statistically significant (p< 0.05) predictors of VH among parents in KL. The five factors were introduction to a new vaccine, negative past experiences of vaccinations, distrust of the pharmaceutical industry, distrust of health systems and providers and being male. Conclusions: Factors contributing towards a prevalence of VH of 14.5% in KL, Malaysia must be studied further to identify any temporal relationship to the under-immunization of children in order to reach the WHO goal of 100% immunization coverage in children and eradication of vaccine preventable diseases.

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Immunization coverage under universal immunization programme in Kozhikode district, Kerala

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20193607 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 3667

Author(s):

Sreedevi C.

Keyword(s):

Immunization Coverage ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Dropout Rate ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽

Immunization Programme ◽

Multi Stage

Background: Immunization is an important cost effective tool for preventing the morbidities and mortalities caused by vaccine preventable diseases. The objectives of this study were to assess the universal immunization programme coverage of children of 12–23 months of age in Kozhikode district and to study the factors associated with immunization coverage.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 30 randomly selected electoral wards of Kozhikode district which were selected using multi stage cluster sampling technique during April 2013 to May 2014.Results: 469 children were studied from 30 clusters. 75.5% was fully immunized while 1.5% was unimmunized. Dropout rate for DPT 3 to Measles was the highest accounting to 20.2%. Most common reason for failure of immunization among unimmunized was that the parents didn’t feel the need (57.1%) and for partially immunized was the illness of the child (27.8%) followed by lack of awareness of the time of immunization (22.2%). Religion, early age of the mother at marriage and first delivery and high birth order were significantly associated with a higher proportion of partially immunized while higher education of the parents (>12th standard), health worker’s home visit in the first year of the child and presence of immunization card were significantly associated with a high full immunization coverage (p<0.05).Conclusions: Immunization coverage of 75.5% is far behind the target to be achieved. 1.5% of the children didn’t get any of the vaccinations. It is very important to increases the coverage to prevent the re-emergence of vaccine preventable diseases.

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Knowledge, attittude and practice among mothers of under five children on immunization

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20190621 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 1252

Author(s):

K. K. Lamiya ◽

Jesha Mohammedali Mundodan ◽

Sheela P. Haveri

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Childhood Immunization ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽

Under Five ◽

Root Cause ◽

Attitude And Practice

Background: Many parents have poor understanding of vaccine preventable diseases (VPD) and many believe in false propagations about the contents, side effects and effectiveness of vaccines. Lack of good knowledge and positive attitude about childhood immunization was believed to be the root cause for resurgence of VPDs. Aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding childhood immunization among mothers of under five children.Methods: A cross sectional study was done among mothers with at least one child in the under-five age group residing in the rural field practice area of a teaching institution. Assuming 61% mothers have good knowledge (Mangalore study) the sample size was calculated to be 235 with 20% error and 1.5 design effect. Data was collected with the help of pretested semi structured questionnaire by interviewing 15 eligible mothers from each of 16 wards. Descriptive analysis was done.Results: The average age of the participants was 27.30±5.42 years with many of them educated up to 10th grade (40.3%) and most being housewife (74.5%). Knowledge of mothers regarding the diseases that can be prevented by immunization was fairly good. But the knowledge regarding individual vaccines, their dosages and schedule were found to be low. Majority of mothers had good attitude about immunization. Immunization coverage of the locality was relatively good (87.7%). Significant relation was established between attitude and practice. Sick at the time of vaccination was the most common cause of being partially immunised (68.96%).Conclusions: Intensify the awareness classes for mothers and religious leaders on immunisation.

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Status of Vaccine Coverage In Venezuelan Children, A Country With A Complex Humanitarian Crisis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-42418/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tatiana Drummond ◽

Isabel Marín ◽

Anny Sánchez ◽

Marianjosé Reyes ◽

Jenny García ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Vaccine Coverage ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccination Schedule ◽

Humanitarian Crisis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽

Vaccination Rates ◽

One Year

Abstract In Venezuela, PAHO has reported an increase in vaccine-preventable diseases since 2016. The goal of this work was to assess vaccination coverage in children hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics at the Hospital Universitario de Caracas (HUC). Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study included 0 to 12 years old children hospitalized in HUC admitted between January 2015 and December 2019, and verified immunization scheme. The patient data were compared with the schedule of the Ministry of Health of Venezuela and analyzed by comparing immunization coverage by year of patient hospitalization and patient age. Results: A total of 2903 patients were surveyed, corresponding to 53.2% male, 37.4% infants. A coverage level above 95% was found only for BCG. Comparing vaccination coverage with the vaccination schedule vs year of patient hospitalization, it was observed a mean decrease in vaccine coverage of 21.5% in 2019 relative to 2015 (p = 0.0000). Vaccination rates in children under one year old were lower than in children older than 6 years for all vaccines (p = 0.0000) Conclusions: There is a decline in vaccination coverage in 2019 in relation to previous years, being the most affected children less than one year old

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Antenatal Care and Provision of Basic Immunization in Children Aged 12-23 Months: Meta-Analysis

Childhood Stunting, Wasting, and Obesity, as the Critical Global Health Issues: Forging Cross-Sectoral Solutions ◽

10.26911/the7thicph.03.125 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Vitri Widyaningsih ◽

Bhisma Murti ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Middle Income ◽

Child Immunization ◽

Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽

Central Java

ABSTRACT Background: Among the leading causes of global child morbidity and mortality are vaccine-preventable diseases, especially in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). A complete basic immunization for children contains one BCG, three DPT-HB-Hib immunizations, four polio immunizations, and one measles immunizations. Antenatal care visit contributes an important to complete the basic immunization. This study aimed to estimate the effect of antenatal care on the completeness of basic immunization in children aged 12-23 months in Africa using meta-analysis. Subjects and Method: A meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted to examine the effect of antenatal care on the basic immunization completeness in children aged 12-23 months. Published articles in 2015-2020 were collected from PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Keywords used “immunization coverage” OR “vaccination coverage” OR “complete immunization” OR “complete vaccination” OR “full immunization” OR “full vaccination” AND children OR “child immunization” OR “child immunization coverage” NOT “incomplete immunization” OR “incomplete vaccination”. The inclusion criteria were full text, in English language, and using cross-sectional study design. The selected articles were analyzed by Revman 5.3. Results:6 studies from Senegal, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and South Africa showed that antenatal care increased basic immunization completeness in children aged 12-23 months (aOR=1.19; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.36; p<0.001) with I2 = 95%). Conclusion: Antenatal care increases basic immunization completeness in children aged 12-23 months. Keywords: basic immunization, antenatal care, children aged 12-23 months Correspondence: Farida. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutarmi 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085654415292 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.125

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Relationship between Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study among Low-Income Housewives in Kuala Lumpur

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18116090 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 6090

Author(s):

Nur Zakiah Mohd Saat ◽

Siti Aishah Hanawi ◽

Nor M. F. Farah ◽

Hazilah Mohd Amin ◽

Hazlenah Hanafiah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Low Income ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Cardiovascular disease is a significant public health concern worldwide, including in Malaysia. Various attempts have been made to resolve this issue. One of the most important methods of controlling cardiovascular risk factors is physical exercise. However, today’s women, especially housewives, are often identified by a lack of physical activity. This is alarming to society, as cardiovascular disease can affect the quality of their life. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors among low-income housewives in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 63 housewives participated in this cross-sectional study. All participating housewives were asked to fill out a sociodemographic questionnaire and the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). To evaluate cardiovascular risk factors, anthropometric measurements and blood samples were taken. Findings showed that an average of 70.5 ± 232.4 min/week was spent on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), which indicated a low level of physical activity. Data showed that 90.5% of the subjects had low physical activity, 6.3% were moderate, and 3.2% were considered as having a high level of physical activity. For body mass index (BMI), 58.7% of the respondents were obese, 28.6% were overweight (29.10 ± 5.67 kg m–2), and 81.0% of subjects had a waist circumference (WC) value above the normal range (92.74 ± 16.40 cm). A two-way ANOVA test revealed significant mean differences between systolic blood pressure (mm/Hg) and age groups (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, there was a significant association between MVPA and cardiovascular risk factors using negative binomial regression (p < 0.01). The findings of this study highlight the need for health promotional programs to raise awareness, educate, and engage low-income housewives in lifestyle-enhancing behaviors.

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Immunization coverage among anganwadi preschool children in Kannur, Kerala, India

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20172173 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 2042

Author(s):

Anitha S. S. ◽

A. K. Jayasree ◽

Devaki Antherjanam S.

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽

Government Sector ◽

Study Population ◽

The Government ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

Background: The Government of India launched the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in 1978 with the objective of reducing the mortality and morbidity resulting from vaccine-preventable diseases of childhood. The Coverage Evaluation Survey by UNICEF in 2009 reported that the percentage of children fully immunized in India is only 61%. The objective of this study was to assess the immunization coverage among preschool children attending Anganwadi in Kannur district.Methods: Cross-sectional study done during July 2013- June 2014 among Anganwadi pre-school children. Anganwadi centres were selected using multistage random sampling. The data regarding immunization and socio-demographic factors were collected by interviewing the mothers using a standardized questionnaire. Data was entered in Epi Data version 3.1 and analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19 software.Results: In this study 456 preschool children (3-6 years) were studied. Among the study population, 429 children (94.1%) were fully immunized, 25 (5.5%) were partially immunized and 2 (0.4%) were non-immunized. The major reasons for not taking immunization as stated by the respondents were: religious beliefs, personal engagements at the time of immunization, fear of fever after immunization, and that the child had fever at the proposed date.Conclusions: The present study shows that regular follow up and motivation through systems like Anganwadi can improve immunization coverage. The study also identified that children taking vaccination from government sector are more likely to complete the schedule.

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1398. Maternal Knowledge and Perceptions about Routine Immunisation in a Slum Area of Pakistan

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1580 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S708-S708

Author(s):

Ghulam Mustafa ◽

Abdul Mannan Mustafa

Keyword(s):

Immunization Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Slum Area ◽

Maternal Knowledge ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Routine Immunisation ◽

Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽

Face To Face ◽

Baseline Coverage

Abstract Background To know the baseline coverage and potential obstacles for children vaccination before starting a health awareness program. Methods A cross sectional study on immunization coverage in the slum area of Multan, Pakistan was conducted and a total of 312 mothers were interviewed face to face for Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions (KAP). Results Among the children less than 3 years, 33 % fully, 46 % partially and 21 % were not at all immunized. High levels of BCG and OPV zero rates (79%) and low rates of OPV3/DPT3 (48%) and measles (41%) vaccines were found. Majority of the mothers were satisfied with the program. Most of the mothers were aware about the importance of vaccination but were ignorant for the need to complete the schedule. There were many misconceptions and beliefs among the mothers of partial and unimmunized children. The majority were of view that vaccines contain ingredients that will make the children infertile. Conclusion There is a need to enhance the maternal knowledge about the vaccine preventable diseases and importance of completing the immunization schedule. Also the misconception about the vaccines need be specifically addressed. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Assessment of timely immunization in an urbanized agglomeration of East Delhi, India

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20190603 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 1156 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vinu Cherian ◽

Narinder Kumar Saini ◽

Arun Kumar Sharma

Keyword(s):

Sample Size ◽

Child Survival ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

High Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽

Final Sample ◽

Timely Immunization ◽

Sustainable Developmental Goals

Background: The under-5 mortality rate in India has shown a decline in the last few decades. However, there is still a lot of work to be done for our country to achieve sustainable developmental goals. One of the factors contributing to child survival is immunization coverage, but high coverage does not mean timely vaccination. ‘On time’ immunization is an important yet little researched factor shielding a child from susceptibility to vaccine preventable diseases. This study aims at assessing the extent of timely immunization and predictors of intentional delay in vaccination of children.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in East Delhi among caregivers having a child in the age group of 13-24 months. Sample size was calculated at 95% confidence limit and 3.5% absolute precision. The final sample size obtained was 350.Results: The percentage of fully and timely vaccinated children is 67.1%, whereas children fully vaccinated but with a delay of 4 weeks from the recommended age of administration is 19.7%. Partial vaccination was found in 11.2% of children and 2% of children were found to be not vaccinated. The most common reason for delay in immunization was pain at the time of administration leading baby cries and fear of needles (26.1%), followed by bad experience with previous vaccination (11.6%). Fear of side effects (14.5%) and being denied vaccination without card (11.6%) were other reasons.Conclusions: The immunization program should include timely completion of vaccination as a quality indicator. Delayed immunization can lead to epidemics in the community and threaten the goal of elimination of vaccine preventable diseases. Improving timeliness can be successfully achieved if the reasons for delay are taken into account.

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1686. Maternal Knowledge and Perceptions about Routine Immunization in a Slum Area of Pakistan

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1550 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. S617-S617

Author(s):

Abdul Mannan Mustafa ◽

Ghulam Mustafa

Keyword(s):

Immunization Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Slum Area ◽

Maternal Knowledge ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽

Face To Face ◽

Attitudes And Perceptions ◽

Baseline Coverage

Abstract Background To know the baseline coverage and potential obstacles for children vaccination before starting a health awareness program. Methods A cross-sectional study on immunization coverage in the slum area of Multan, Pakistan was conducted and a total of 312 mothers were interviewed face to face for Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions (KAP). Results Among the children less than 3 years, 33% fully, 46% partially and 21% were not at all immunized. High levels of BCG and OPV zero rates (79%) and low rates of OPV3/DPT3 (48%) and measles (41%) vaccines were found. Majority of the mothers were satisfied with the program. Most of the mothers were aware about the importance of vaccination but were ignorant for the need to complete the schedule. There were many misconceptions and beliefs among the mothers of partial and unimmunized children. The majority were of view that vaccines contain ingredients that will make the children infertile. Conclusion There is a need to enhance the maternal knowledge about the vaccine-preventable diseases and importance of completing the immunization schedule. Also the misconception about the vaccines need be specifically addressed. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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