scholarly journals PREVALENCE, PATTERNS AND PERCEPTION OF TOBACCO USE AMONG HEALTH SCIENCES UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
Priyadarshini Ramamurthy ◽  
Bennete Fernandes ◽  
Avita Rath
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of tobacco use among health sciences undergraduate students. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 students in four health sciences faculties at a private university in Kota Damansara, Selangor Malaysia. Data was collected through a self-administrated validated questionnaire, adopted and modified from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey. The survey  was administered online  using a Google Form for the participants to fill. Data was analysed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics was used to express results in percentage. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression was used to test the association of smoking status and demographic variables. p value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results showed that more than 90% of the respondents were aware of the harmful effects of tobacco and effects of passive smoking. About one fifth of the participants had used tobacco (19%) in our study. Out of the tobacco users, 95% had used tobacco in more than one form. The most important reasons for smoking were peer pressure (36%) and stress (35%). No significant differences were found between age,  faculty, year of study, or nationality, with the use of tobacco. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed significant gender differences in smoking with more smokers among males than females. In conclusion, about one fifth of the health science undergraduate students had  used tobacco products in our study reflecting a seemingly inappropriate portrait as compared to their future careers as health professionals. Therefore, there is an urgent need for reinforcement of education and assistance on quitting tobacco usage among the undergraduates of health science faculties.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE, PATTERNS AND PERCEPTION OF TOBACCO USE AMONG HEALTH SCIENCES UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
Priyadarshini Ramamurthy ◽  
Bennete Fernandes ◽  
Avita Rath
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of tobacco use among health sciences undergraduate students. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 students in four health sciences faculties at a private university in Kota Damansara, Selangor Malaysia. Data was collected through a self-administrated validated questionnaire, adopted and modified from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey. The survey  was administered online  using a Google Form for the participants to fill. Data was analysed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics was used to express results in percentage. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression was used to test the association of smoking status and demographic variables. p value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results showed that more than 90% of the respondents were aware of the harmful effects of tobacco and effects of passive smoking. About one fifth of the participants had used tobacco (19%) in our study. Out of the tobacco users, 95% had used tobacco in more than one form. The most important reasons for smoking were peer pressure (36%) and stress (35%). No significant differences were found between age,  faculty, year of study, or nationality, with the use of tobacco. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed significant gender differences in smoking with more smokers among males than females. In conclusion, about one fifth of the health science undergraduate students had  used tobacco products in our study reflecting a seemingly inappropriate portrait as compared to their future careers as health professionals. Therefore, there is an urgent need for reinforcement of education and assistance on quitting tobacco usage among the undergraduates of health science faculties.

scholarly journals Tobacco Use among Adolescents of a Public School of Kaski District

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Sailaja Sharma ◽  
Ratna Shila Banstola ◽  
Sakuntala Pageni
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Influence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Introduction: Tobacco is one of the proven risk factors, contributes substantially to the rising epidemic of non-communicable diseases. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of tobacco use and associated factors among adolescents of a selected public School in Kaski district. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was adopted and data was collected with self-administered questionnaire from 168 respondents. Results: The prevalence of tobacco-use was 19.6 percent and mean age of initiation was13.84 years. The most common reasons for smoking were peer pressure (63.3%), imitation (27.3%), family influence (27.3%) and quest for new experience (21.2%). Tobacco-use was strongly associated with ethnicity (p=0.03), mother's education level (p=0.02), father's occupation (p=0.03), peer pressure (p=0.01) and friends smoking habit (p=0.03). Conclusion: Tobacco-focused interventions are required for school going adolescents to promote cessation among users and prevent its initiation.

scholarly journals Magnitude of Mental Distress and its Determinants Among Medical and Health Science Regular Undergraduate Students at Jimma University: Institutional Based Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyew Agenagnew Gebeyaw ◽  
Desalew Tilahun ◽  
Yonas Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Jimma University

Background: Mental distress is a group of mental problems manifested by symptoms of insomnia, fatigue, irritability, forgetfulness, difficulty in concentrating, and somatic complaints. University students have more severe mental health problems than the general population. Objectives: Therefore, this study attempted to assess the magnitude of mental distress and its determinants among medical and health science regular undergraduate students at Jimma University. Methods: A descriptive institutional-based with cross-sectional study design was conducted at Jimma University from March to April 2017 on regular undergraduate medical and health science students of the Faculty of Health Science. Study participants were selected from each batch using simple random sampling techniques and from the department by lottery method. Mental distress was assessed by using Self-Reporting questionnaire-20. Participants with score of eight and above on the Self-Reporting questionnaire-20 were considered as having mental distress. Chi-square and descriptive statistics were done using SPSS-20. Results: From a total of 369 study participants, about 354 gave the response rate of (95.9%). The magnitude of mental distress among medical and health science students was 35.03 %. Most of the respondents were males by sex and the mean age of the respondents was 23 years with SD ± 6. Age, sex, year of study, the practice of religion, presence of family history of mental illness, department choice, and ever use of substance (chat chewing and alcohol) were predictor variables and significantly associated with mental distress at P < 0.05. Conclusions: The magnitude of mental distress in our study was 35.03% and it needs intervention and addressing the mentioned factors significantly associated with mental distress.

scholarly journals Magnitude of premenstrual dysphoric disorder and its correlation with academic performance among female medical and health science students at University of Gondar, Ethiopia, 2019: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e034166
Author(s):  
Woredaw Minichil ◽  
Eleni Eskindir ◽  
Demeke Demilew ◽  
Yohannes Mirkena
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Menstrual Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Sciences Students

ObjectiveTo assess the magnitude of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and associated factors among female students of the College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia, 2019.DesignInstitution-based cross-sectional study design.SettingCollege of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.Participants386 participants were recruited for self-administered interview using the stratified followed by simple random sampling technique.MeasurementData were collected by self-administered interview. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) was used to measure PMDD. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Oslo-3 social support are used to assess the factors. The data were checked, cleaned and entered into EpiData V.3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) V.21.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regressions were used. OR with 95% CI was employed to see the strength of associations between dependent and independent variables. Variables with a p value <0.05 in multivariable logistic regression were declared as significantly associated.Result386 participants were involved in the study, with a response rate of 84.6%. The overall magnitude of PMDD in this study was 34.7% (30.3 to 39.1). Severe menstrual pain (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.82, 95% CI: 1.83 to 4.23), perception of an impact on academic performance due to menstrual pain (AOR=2.31, 95% CI: 1.23 to 4.32), and high perceived stress (AOR=3.52, 95% CI: 2.58 to 5.60) were significantly associated with PMDD disorder among female medical and health sciences students.ConclusionPMDD is high among female medical and health sciences students. Thus, it needs early screening and intervention especially for those who have severe menstrual pain, perceived to have an impact on academic performance and high perceived stress.

scholarly journals Excessive Daytime Sleepiness among First to Fourth Year Undergraduate Students of a Medical College in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (229) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Roka ◽  
Sabina Khadka ◽  
Sanju Dahal ◽  
Meenakshi Yadav ◽  
Puja Thapa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Excessive Daytime Sleepiness is a significant health problem among medical students worldwide which can impair their cognitive and academic performances. Our study aims to determine the prevalence of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness among the first to fourth year undergraduate students of the Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences-College of Medicine. Methods: Following the ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee with registration no. 317, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the first to fourth year medical students of the Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences-College of Medicine from 4" to 10" August 2020. Two hundred and thirty-two students were selected for the study using the stratified random sampling technique. Epworth Sleepiness Scale was used to obtain data on daytime sleepiness among the study participants. The data were entered into Google spreadsheets and later analyzed. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with the frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: The prevalence of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness among the first to fourth year undergraduate students of the Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences-College of Medicine is found to be 67 (31.02%) at 95% Confidence Interval (24.85-37.19). It was found to be highly prevalent among the fourth year undergraduate medical students 20 (35.09%) and least prevalent among the first year students 13 (26.00%). Excessive Daytime Sleepiness was found to be slightly higher among females 23 (34.85%) than males 44 (29.33%). Conclusions: Excessive Daytime Sleepinessis highly prevalent among medical students in our study as suggested by various international studies.

scholarly journals Internet Addiction and its Associated Factors Among Dilla University Undergraduate Students, Dilla, Ethiopia, 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebiyu Mengistu ◽  
Desalegn Tarekegn ◽  
Wondwosen Molla ◽  
Seid Shumye
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background: Internet addiction is characterized by excessive or poorly controlled preoccupation, urges or behavior regarding computer use and internet access that lead to impairment or distress. Globally, it has been found that the occurrence rate of internet addiction among university students ranges from 0.8% to 47.7%. Despite, there are multiple challenges that related with internet addiction which remains under-recognized and largely ignored by stakeholders and also not well known especially in low income countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted aimed to assess the magnitude of the internet addiction and its associated factors among undergraduate students. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was employed from May 1st to June 1st 2019. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to get a total of 846 undergraduate Students. Data was collected by using self-administered structured questionnaires of Young’s Internet Addiction Test. The collected data was coded and entered into EPIDATA 3.1 and analyzed by using SPSS version 22, Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with internet addiction and statistically significant was considered at P-value <0.05. Results: A total of 846 study participants, giving a response rate were 761 (90%) and the prevalence of internet addiction was 19.4%. Multiple logistic regression model revealed that being male [AOR=1.69, 95% CI: (1.80, 6.41)], probable depression [AOR =3.61, 95% CI (2.40, 5.43)] and khat or caffeinated drinks [AOR=1.86, 95%CI: (1.21, 2.87)] were significantly associated with internet addiction.Conclusion: This study revealed that a high prevalence of internet addiction among Dilla university students and there were various factors associated with increased prevalence of problematic internet use. Therefore, students need to be educated about safe, valuable, and healthy practice of internet use and better to counsel on substance use and its consequences and also psychiatric evaluation (referring for mental health services) to overcome the anticipated increase in internet addiction

scholarly journals TEKANAN TEMAN SEBAYA TERHADAP PERILAKU BERISIKO MAHASISWA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Evira Anggrainy ◽  
Sri Seprianto Maddusa
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Risky Behavior ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thrill Seeking ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACKThis study aims to determine the effect of peer pressure on risky behavior conducted by students. There are four types of risky behavior, namely thrill-seeking, rebellious, reckless, and anti-social, and this research wants to know the dominant risky behavior carried out by students. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design. The research subjects were 103 undergraduate students from the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, the State Islamic Institute (IAIN) Manado, totaling 103 subjects (N = 103) who had the criteria that they were still active students and were in their late teens, namely the age range 18-21 years. The results of this study prove that there is a significant positive effect on peer pressure of risky behavior conducted by students and also explain that the dominant risky behavior carried out by students is anti-social.Keywords: Peer Pressure, Risky Behavior ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tekanan teman sebaya terhadap perilaku berisiko yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa. Perilaku berisiko tersebut terdiri dari empat jenis yaitu thrill-seeking, rebellious, reckless, dan anti-social. Selain itu, ingin pula diketahui perilaku berisiko yang dominan dilakukan oleh mahasiswa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif  dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional study design. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Strata 1 dari Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Manado berjumlah 103 subjek (N = 103) yang memiliki kriteria yaitu masih berstatus mahasiswa aktif dan berada pada usia remaja akhir yaitu rentang usia 18 – 21 tahun. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif yang signifikan pada tekanan teman sebaya terhadap perilaku berisiko mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian ini juga menjelaskan bahwa perilaku berisiko yang dominan dilakukan oleh mahasiswa yaitu anti-social.Kata Kunci: Tekanan Teman Sebaya, Perilaku Berisiko

scholarly journals Mild behavioral impairment is related to frailty in non-dementia older adults: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoyi Fan ◽  
Ximin Liang ◽  
Tianchan Yun ◽  
Zhong Pei ◽  
Bin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Behavioral Impairment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Frailty and cognitive decline are highly prevalent among older adults. However, the relationship between frailty and mild behavioral impairment (MBI), a dementia risk syndrome characterized by later-life emergence of persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms, has yet to be elucidated. We aimed to evaluate the associations between MBI and frailty in older adults without dementia. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a consecutive series of 137 older adults without dementia in the Anti-Aging Study, recruited from primary care clinics, were enrolled. Frailty was estimated using the Fried phenotype. MBI was evaluated by the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist (MBI-C) at a cut-off point of > 8. Cognition was assessed with the Chinese versions of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-BC) and Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate the relationship between MBI and objective cognition with frailty status. Results At baseline, 30.7% of the older adults had frailty and 18.2% had MBI (MBI+ status). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that compared to those without MBI (MBI- status), MBI+ was more likely to have frailty (odds ratio [OR] = 7.44, 95% CI = 1.49–37.21, p = 0.02). Frailty and MBI were both significantly associated with both MMSE and MoCA-BC score (p < 0.05). Conclusions Both frailty and MBI status were associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment. MBI was significantly associated with an increased risk of having frailty in the absence of dementia. This association merits further study to identify potential strategies for the early detection, prevention and therapeutic intervention of frailty.

scholarly journals Anaemia Prevalence and Contributory Factors among Children in Uttarakhand, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Shweta Suri ◽  
Anuradha Dutta ◽  
Rita Singh Raghuvanshi ◽  
Anupama Singh ◽  
C. S. Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽  
History Of

Background: In India, Anaemia among children is still one of the major nutritional problems of public health concern. Aim of the Study: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of anaemia among Anganwadi children (3-6 years of age) and to determine the important risk factors associated with anaemia. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted among 390 Anganwadi children of Udham Singh Nagar district of Uttarakhand, during April, 2019- August, 2019. Methodology: In this cross sectional study, data on socio-demographic, socioeconomic, hygiene and dietary practices were collected using a self-structured questionnaire. Hemoglobin (Hb) and anthropometric measurements were carried out. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR). Results: A majority, 70.54% of the Anganwadi children were found to be anaemic, with higher prevalence among male children (51.30%) as compared to female children (48.70%). The mean hemoglobin concentration of children was 9.91 (±1.9 g/dl). Stunting was higher among males (54.83%) as compared to females (45.17%).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that anaemia was significantly associated with monthly income of family AOR (95% CI) 3.25(2.49, 4.00), mother's illiteracy AOR (95% CI) 1.98 (1.49, 2.46), history of anaemia in mother AOR (95% CI) 1.60(0.67, 2.52 ), history of worms in child's stool AOR (95% CI) 3.17(2.26,4.03), barefoot walking AOR (95% CI) 3.08(2.11,4.04) and lack of habit of hand washing AOR (95% CI) 1.55(0.98, 2.11). Conclusion: The prevalence of anaemia among children was high. Iron supplementation, nutrition education among mothers and overall personal hygiene are important to ameliorate their iron status.

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