scholarly journals FOREST GROWING CONDITIONS OF PINUS PALLASIANA D. DON IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE SOUTHERN SLOPE OF THE MAIN RIDGE OF THE CRIMEAN MOUNTAINS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (73) (1) ◽  
pp. 64-74
Author(s):  
V. P. Koba ◽  
R. A. Nikiforov ◽  
V. V. Papelbu ◽  
M. L. Novitsky
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Crimean Mountains ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
The Stability

The objective of the research was to study the forest conditions and forest inventory characteristics of P. pallasiana in the eastern part of the southern slope of the Main ridge of the Crimean Mountains, the evaluation of its growth in connection with high-rise zoning and dynamics of soil properties. The studies were carried out using the methods of laying hypsometric profiles. Soil characteristics were studied in soil sections in five layers with an interval of 10 cm. The ecotopic grid of the Mountainous Crimea was used for the typological classification of phytocenoses. The features of the territorial distribution of artificial coniferous stands in the study area were analyzed using the data of space sensing of Landsat 8 satellite system. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that the forest crops of P. pallasiana in the eastern part of the southern macroslope of the Main Ridge of the Crimean Mountains in the lower belt are characterized by low taxation indicators. With an increase in the height of the growing area, their state and growth intensity improve. Dynamics of forests conditions in the study area is associated with increasing dryness of the climate, a decrease in precipitation, the number of which decreases in the direction from the central to the eastern part of the southern slopes of the Main ridge of the Crimean Mountains. The high-altitude zoning of soil fertility is revealed. In the ecotopes of the middle belt, there is a decrease in the content of humus in the upper layer of the soil, which is associated with increased erosion processes in the territory of anthropogenic degradation of forest vegetation. High seasonal variability and instability of precipitation over the years, especially in the summer growing season, the weather conditions of which largely determine the implementation of growth and development processes, reduce the stability of the structure and composition of plant communities, form a negative ecological background, which determines the deterioration of the life state of P. pallasiana forest cultures. In the research area edaphic characteristics of forest crop ecotopes of P. pallasiana in the lower and middle belt correspond to forest-growing conditions such as dry sudubrava, and in the upper belt – fresh sudubrava.

AGROBIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF A NEW VARIETY OF SPRING BARLEY

1970 ◽  
pp. 56-58
Author(s):  
O. B. Batakova ◽  
V. А. Korelina ◽  
I. V. Zobnina
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Federal State ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
The Stability

The selection work has been carried out on the base of the Primorskiy branch of the Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FCIARctic) in 2005-2016, in a selection seven-field crop rotation. Various weather conditions contributed to a complete and comprehensive assessment of the selected sample. Data on agrometeorological research were provided by the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Northern UGMS” of the Hydrometсenter at the post of Kurtsevo. Assessment of breeding material was carried out by the main breeding valuable traits, taking into account the length of the growing season, resistance to lodging and grain yield according to the methodology of the State Commission for the Testing of Crops (1985).  Statistical processing of the experiment results were carried out using the genetic and selection software package AGROS version 2.07. A new variety of spring fodder barley “Kotlas” with increased adaptability for variable growing conditions was developed, it intended for cultivation in extreme climatic conditions of the Far North as an early ripening, productive, adaptive to unfavorable environmental factors to obtain concentrated feed for livestock and poultry. The variety is immune to net blotch of the Arkhangelsk population. The stability index (L) of the variety is 53. The new variety usage will increase the yield of spring barley, increase the economic efficiency of using the variety to 15%, the economic effect of introducing the variety per unit volume of production is 7.85 thousand rubles.

scholarly journals VARIABILITY OF BEAN VARIETIES SAMPLE BY YIELD STRUCTURE STRUCTURE AND ADAPTABILITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 198-222
Author(s):  
Olena Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Growing Conditions

The study of quantitative characteristics controlled by polymer genes is rather complicated due to their significant variability, depends on the environment conditions, and the general picture of their inheritance and variability is masked by the modifying action of heterosis in the first generation. New varieties should have a balanced development of all elements of productivity, resistance to abiotic and biotic factors, and not just the maximum value of the individual characteristic. Plant growing conditions are important in forming their resistance to various diseases. In nature, pathogens and plants are affected by the weather conditions that are constantly changing. The research objective was to determine the variability level and to identify the patterns of inheritance of valuable commercial-biological traits for the selection of productive and adaptive forms of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The research was conducted during 2014–2016 in the conditions of the research plot of the Department of Plant Production, Selection and Bioenergetic Cultures of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. The region of the research by its natural conditions refers to the central subzone of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe. The hydrothermal conditions of the 2014 and 2016 surveys were typical of the average yearly indices of the research area and the year 2015 was characterized by a significant deficiency of precipitation and high temperature air conditions. The research material were the varieties of common bean provided by the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine and hybrid combinations obtained as a result of intervarietal crossings. Sowing was carried out by the temperature regime of soil 10–12 °С at the depth of seeding and stable increase of average daily air temperature. The placement of the plots was consistent, the varieties were sown in a six-time repetition. The wide-row sowing with a width of rows of 45 cm was used. The total area of the plots was 1.35 m², and the account one is 1.0 m². Sowing was carried out with the seeding rate of 18 similar seeds per 1 linear meter, the standard was placed in 10 numbers. The general adaptability of the common bean varieties for the research years was determined by regression coefficient (bi) and the stability variance (Sі2). Assessment of the morphological features variation was carried out by the variationcoefficient (V, %). The ecological variation coefficient (Vе, %) was determined by the ratio of the average sign to its standard deviation. The determination of ultrastability (Nom) and agronomic stability coefficient (As) was made. Conclusions. As a result of the three year research, it was established that the highest resistance to bacteriosis had such varieties as UD0303601, UD0303526, UD0303543 and UD0303557. The varieties UD0303601, UD0303526 were resistant under adverse growing conditions; the highest resistance to bacterial wilding, including under adverse growing conditions, was provided by the varieties UD0300414, UD0301063 and UD0303543; according to the resistance to variegation the following varieties were selected: UD0303543, UD0303557, and UD0303610 (they were better under all growing conditions). Key words: bean varieties, elements of crop structure coefficient of variation, variability.

scholarly journals ОЦІНКА АДАПТИВНОЇ ЗДАТНОСТІ ТА ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ СТАБІЛЬНОСТІ СКОРОСТИГЛИХ ГІБРИДІВ КУКУРУДЗИ (ZEA MAYS L.) В КОНТРАСТНИХ УМОВАХ ВИПРОБУВАННЯ

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
V. Yu. Cherchel ◽  
O. L. Gaidash
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Plastic Type ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Adaptive Ability ◽  
Research Period

<p><strong>Objective.</strong> Assessment of adaptive ability and environmental stability of new early-season maize hybrids created on the basis of inbred lines of hybrid germplasm and alternative germplasms was performed. <strong>Methods.</strong> Field, mathematical, and statistical. <strong>Results.</strong> The results revealed parameters of an adaptive capacity and environmental stability of 11 new inbred maize lines when testing their testcrosses obtained based on 3 testers. The DK285, DK265 and DK412 constant lines, the testcrosses of which had the highest average grain yield (5.49; 5.38; 5.25 t/ha respectively) were distinguished during the research period and they were characterized by high total adaptive capacity (1.48; 1,14; 0.75 respectively) with an intensive and plastic type of response to the variability of growing conditions. It was determined that Cross 267C sister hybrid was distinguished among the tester genotypes by the high values of the effects of the overall adaptive capacity (1.19) and the highest average yield of testcrosses (5.11 t/ha).</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>. We observed strong fluctuations in the average yield of grain from 1.96 to 8.13 t/ha during the study period. The level of manifestation of breeding characteristics and parameters of the ecological stability of genotypes depended on weather conditions which changed drastically during the study period and often negatively affected the assessment of genotypes. The high gradient variability of the test environments revealed a significant dependence of the stability-indicating parameters on the productivity of testcrosses. The correlation analysis showed the dependence of the hybrids productivity on the level of implementation of biometric indices of the plant under steppe conditions.</p>

scholarly journals Typological structure and age composition of beach stands in the mountainous Crimea

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Y. V. Plugatar' ◽  
V. P. Koba ◽  
V. V. Papelbu ◽  
O. L. Muntyan
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Adult Trees ◽  
Cyclical Process ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Typological Structure ◽  
Young Growth ◽  
Mountainous Crimea

The features of the typological structure, age composition and territorial distribution of beech stands in the Mountainous Crimea were studied. It is shown that nowadays beech forests grow in the range of altitudes from 400-500 to 1300-1400 m above sea level on an area of 34.9 thousand hectares, which is 13.4% of the forested territory of the peninsula. The age structure of beech stands is characterized by the cyclical process of renewal of indigenous stands, which is determined by the implementation of favorable natural factors - the level of seed yield and weather conditions during the formation of seed renewal generation, the frequency of which is 40-50 years. Based on the analysis of the ecological spectrum of the species composition of the grass layer, it is established that the forest growing conditions in the beech stands in the central part of the Main Ridge of the Crimean Mountains should be characterized as fresh sudubravas and beech forests. The density of beech young growth in ecotopes in this area varies from 0.5 to 4 thousand pieces per 1 ha. In areas where the light regime improves, the young trees grow in the form of small bunches, often forming groups of young plants around the trunks of adult trees. Using satellite images of the Landsat 8 space sensing system, it was revealed that at present, in the central part of the beech forests of the Mountainous Crimea, significant areas are completely devoid of forest vegetation, or are covered with sparse woodlands, in the phytocenotic structure of which herbaceous plants predominate.

Resistance of cherry varieties to spring return frozes in the conditions of Astrakhan region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Dronic A.A. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Damage Score ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Total Damage ◽  
Continental Climate ◽  
Unfavorable Weather

The article presents an assessment of the stability of introduced cherry varieties to spring return frosts in 2020 in the conditions of the sharply continental climate of the Astrakhan region. As a result of unfavorable weather conditions, the total damage score of all varieties was 2-5 points. Almost all the studied varieties showed an insufficient level of resistance to recurrent frosts.

scholarly journals Estimation of fractional cycle bias for GPS/BDS-2/Galileo based on international GNSS monitoring and assessment system observations using the uncombined PPP model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Wang ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Guanwen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Estimation Method ◽  
Satellite Orbit ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Fractional Cycle Bias ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Consistency ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

AbstractThe Fractional Cycle Bias (FCB) product is crucial for the Ambiguity Resolution (AR) in Precise Point Positioning (PPP). Different from the traditional method using the ionospheric-free ambiguity which is formed by the Wide Lane (WL) and Narrow Lane (NL) combinations, the uncombined PPP model is flexible and effective to generate the FCB products. This study presents the FCB estimation method based on the multi-Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) precise satellite orbit and clock corrections from the international GNSS Monitoring and Assessment System (iGMAS) observations using the uncombined PPP model. The dual-frequency raw ambiguities are combined by the integer coefficients (4,− 3) and (1,− 1) to directly estimate the FCBs. The details of FCB estimation are described with the Global Positioning System (GPS), BeiDou-2 Navigation Satellite System (BDS-2) and Galileo Navigation Satellite System (Galileo). For the estimated FCBs, the Root Mean Squares (RMSs) of the posterior residuals are smaller than 0.1 cycles, which indicates a high consistency for the float ambiguities. The stability of the WL FCBs series is better than 0.02 cycles for the three GNSS systems, while the STandard Deviation (STD) of the NL FCBs for BDS-2 is larger than 0.139 cycles. The combined FCBs have better stability than the raw series. With the multi-GNSS FCB products, the PPP AR for GPS/BDS-2/Galileo is demonstrated using the raw observations. For hourly static positioning results, the performance of the PPP AR with the three-system observations is improved by 42.6%, but only 13.1% for kinematic positioning results. The results indicate that precise and reliable positioning can be achieved with the PPP AR of GPS/BDS-2/Galileo, supported by multi-GNSS satellite orbit, clock, and FCB products based on iGMAS.

scholarly journals Modeling and Analysis of BDS-2 and BDS-3 Combined Precise Time and Frequency Transfer Considering Stochastic Models of Inter-System Bias

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Jiao ◽  
Shuli Song ◽  
Qinming Chen ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
Ke Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Models ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
System Bias ◽  
Frequency Transfer ◽  
Global Navigation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Precise Time

BeiDou global navigation satellite system (BDS) began to provide positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services to global users officially on 31 July, 2020. BDS constellations consist of regional (BDS-2) and global navigation satellites (BDS-3). Due to the difference of modulations and characteristics for the BDS-2 and BDS-3 default civil service signals (B1I/B3I) and the increase of new signals (B1C/B2a) for BDS-3, a systemically bias exists in the receiver-end when receiving and processing BDS-2 and BDS-3 signals, which leads to the inter-system bias (ISB) between BDS-2 and BDS-3 on the receiver side. To fully utilize BDS, the BDS-2 and BDS-3 combined precise time and frequency transfer are investigated considering the effect of the ISB. Four kinds of ISB stochastic models are presented, which are ignoring ISB (ISBNO), estimating ISB as random constant (ISBCV), random walk process (ISBRW), and white noise process (ISBWN). The results demonstrate that the datum of receiver clock offsets can be unified and the ISB deduced datum confusion can be avoided by estimating the ISB. The ISBCV and ISBRW models are superior to ISBWN. For the BDS-2 and BDS-3 combined precise time and frequency transfer using ISBNO, ISBCV, ISBRW, and ISBWN, the stability of clock differences of old signals can be enhanced by 20.18%, 23.89%, 23.96%, and 11.46% over BDS-2-only, respectively. For new signals, the enhancements are −50.77%, 20.22%, 17.53%, and −3.69%, respectively. Moreover, ISBCV and ISBRW models have the better frequency transfer stability. Consequently, we recommended the optimal ISBCV or suboptimal ISBRW model for BDS-2 and BDS-3 combined precise time and frequency transfer when processing the old as well as the new signals.

scholarly journals Fast-Scale Instability and Stabilization by Adaptive Slope Compensation of a PV-Fed Differential Boost Inverter

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2106
Author(s):  
Abdelali El Aroudi ◽  
Mohamed Debbat ◽  
Mohammed Al-Numay ◽  
Abdelmajid Abouloiafa
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Current Loop ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Bifurcation Phenomena ◽  
Slope Compensation ◽  
Power Point ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Detailed Circuit

Numerical simulations reveal that a single-stage differential boost AC module supplied from a PV module under an Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control at the input DC port and with current synchronization at the AC grid port might exhibit bifurcation phenomena under some weather conditions leading to subharmonic oscillation at the fast-switching scale. This paper will use discrete-time approach to characterize such behavior and to identify the onset of fast-scale instability. Slope compensation is used in the inner current loop to improve the stability of the system. The compensation slope values needed to guarantee stability for the full range of operating duty cycle and leading to an optimal deadbeat response are determined. The validity of the followed procedures is finally validated by a numerical simulations performed on a detailed circuit-level switched model of the AC module.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Internet of Things Technologies—Sustainable Premises of Extending the Culture of the Amurg Cultivar in Transylvania—A Use Case for Târnave Vineyard

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8170
Author(s):  
Veronica Sanda Chedea ◽  
Ana-Maria Drăgulinescu  ◽  
Liliana Lucia Tomoiagă  ◽  
Cristina Bălăceanu ◽  
Maria Lucia Iliescu 
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Time Investment ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
Insect Infestations ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Red Grape

Known for its dry and semi-dry white wine, the Târnave vineyard located in central Transylvania is challenged by the current climate change, which has resulted in an increase of the period of active vegetation by approximately 15–20 days, the average annual temperature by 1–1.5 °C and also the amount of useful temperatures (useful thermal balance for the grapevine). Furthermore, the frost periods have been reduced. Transylvania is an important Romanian region for grapevine cultivation. In this context, one can use the climatic changes to expand their wine assortment by cultivating an autochthonous grapevine variety called Amurg. Amurg is a red grape cultivar homologated at SCDVV Blaj, which also homologated 7 cultivars and 11 clones. Because viticulture depends on the stability of meteorological and hydrological parameters of the growing area, its foundations are challenged by climate change. Grapevine production is a long time investment, taking at least five years before the freshly planted vines produce the desired quality berries. We propose the implementation of a climate change-based precision viticulture turn-key solution for environmental monitoring in the Târnave vineyard. This solution aims to evaluate the grapevine’s micro-climate to extend the sustainable cultivation of the Amurg red grapes cultivar in Transylvania with the final goal of obtaining Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) rosé and red wines from this region. Worldwide, the changing conditions from the existing climate (a 30-year average), used in the past hundred years to dictate local standards, such as new and erratic trends of temperature and humidity regimes, late spring freezes, early fall frosts, storms, heatwaves, droughts, area wildfires, and insect infestations, would create dynamic problems for all farmers to thrive. These conditions will make it challenging to predict shifts in each of the components of seasonal weather conditions. Our proposed system also aims to give a solution that can be adapted to other vineyards as well.

scholarly journals Assessment of Sampling Effects on Various Satellite-Derived Integrated Water Vapor Datasets Using GPS Measurements in Germany as Reference

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia Carbajal Henken ◽  
Lisa Dirks ◽  
Sandra Steinke ◽  
Hannes Diedrich ◽  
Thomas August ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Temporal Sampling ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Satellite Instruments

Passive imagers on polar-orbiting satellites provide long-term, accurate integrated water vapor (IWV) data sets. However, these climatologies are affected by sampling biases. In Germany, a dense Global Navigation Satellite System network provides accurate IWV measurements not limited by weather conditions and with high temporal resolution. Therefore, they serve as a reference to assess the quality and sampling issues of IWV products from multiple satellite instruments that show different orbital and instrument characteristics. A direct pairwise comparison between one year of IWV data from GPS and satellite instruments reveals overall biases (in kg/m 2 ) of 1.77, 1.36, 1.11, and −0.31 for IASI, MIRS, MODIS, and MODIS-FUB, respectively. Computed monthly means show similar behaviors. No significant impact of averaging time and the low temporal sampling on aggregated satellite IWV data is found, mostly related to the noisy weather conditions in the German domain. In combination with SEVIRI cloud coverage, a change of shape of IWV frequency distributions towards a bi-modal distribution and loss of high IWV values are observed when limiting cases to daytime and clear sky. Overall, sampling affects mean IWV values only marginally, which are rather dominated by the overall retrieval bias, but can lead to significant changes in IWV frequency distributions.

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