Testing of Alginate/Chitosan/Glass Bubbles Adsorbent for Copper Removal from Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Ecaterina Matei ◽  
Andra Mihaela Predescu ◽  
Maria Rapa ◽  
Andreea Turcanu ◽  
Cristian Predescu ◽  
...  

The present paper reported the obtaining of an environmental friendly adsorbent based on sodium alginate, chitosan and glass bubbles. CaCl2 was used as crosslinking agent for sodium alginate favoring the interactions by physical bonds between the negative groups (-COO) of biopolymer and the Ca ions. The experimental study to determine the Cu(II) uptake using an atomic absorption spectrometer was conducted in the testing stand at the 1:50 and 1:100 ratios between the adsorbent mass and the amount of pollutant in solution. The number of cycles of regeneration of the adsorbent material was also evaluated. The characterization of alginate/chitosan/glass bubbles adsorbent by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the Cu(II) was found out on the surface of adsorbent.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (43) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Moursalou Koriko ◽  
Sanonka Tchegueni ◽  
Fouad Alassani ◽  
Koffi Agbegnigan Degbe ◽  
Gado Tchangbedji

Ce présent travail a porté sur l’extraction et la caractérisation physico-chimique d’un sel végétal fabriqué à base du palmier à huile. L’incinération des branches de palmier à huile donne une cendre qui, par lavage et évaporation donne du sel de palme. L’analyse de la solution obtenue après lavage de cette cendre à l’eau distillée par photométrie à flamme, spectrométrie à absorption atomique et par volumétrie révèle la présence de sodium (84,500 mg/L), potassium (1120 mg/L), calcium (44 mg/L) et magnésium (0,022 mg/L). Ce résultat indique que cette solution est très riche en potassium qu’en sodium et calcium ; le magnésium est présent sous forme de trace. En outre, l’analyse de la cendre obtenue à base de la rafle a révélé que les teneurs en potassium (3331,410 mg/L) et en sodium (497 mg/L) de la rafle sont plus élevées que celles de la branche du palmier à huile. Cependant, le dosage des anions dans une solution obtenue par dissolution de 10 grammes de sel de palme dans un litre d’eau distillée révèle la présence de chlorures (3153,460 mg/L), des hydroxydes (0,289 mg/L), des carbonates (0,180 mg/L) et des hydrogénocarbonates (12,017mg/L). Les concentrations de ces anions indiquent que cette solution est très riche en chlorure qu’aux autres anions trouvés. Par conséquent, le sel de palme est un mélange de sels riche en chlorure de potassium. La quantité de sel végétal obtenue à la préparation contrôlée rapportée à la biomasse végétale est de l’ordre de 1,24% donc assez faible. This paper focuses on the extraction and physic-chemical characterization of plant salt produced from oil palm. The incineration of the oil palm frond gives ash which, by washing and evaporation, gives plant salt. The analysis of the solution obtained after washing the ash by flame photometer, atomic absorption spectrometer and by volumetric reveals the presence of sodium (84.500 mg / L), potassium (1120 mg / L), calcium mg / L) and magnesium (0.022 mg / L). These results show that this solution is very rich in potassium more than sodium and calcium; the magnesium is revealed only in trace. In addition, the analysis on the Empty Fruit Bunche’s ash reveals that it contains more potassium (3331.410 mg/L) and sodium (497 mg/L) than the frond. However, the dosage of a solution obtained by dissolving 10 grams of palm salt in one liter of water also reveals the presence of chloride (3153.460 mg / L), hydroxides (0.289 mg / L), carbonate (0.180 mg / L) and hydrogen carbonate (12.017 mg / L). The concentration of these anions shows that this solution is richer in chloride than the other anions found. Therefore, palm salt is a mixture of salt rich in potassium chloride. The output of the preparation controlled is lower (1.24%) in comparison with the vegetable biomass.


2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mr.Sc. Nexhmije Ajeti ◽  
Dr.Sc. Veton Hoxha ◽  
Dr.Sc. Xhevdet Elezi ◽  
Dr.Sc. Sonja Apostolska ◽  
Mr.Sc. Violeta Vula ◽  
...  

AbstractThe aims of the study are:1. Determination of the amount of extracted Ca ions from den-tine using 17% and 10% EDTA, at pH 7 and pH 9.2. Determination of the amount of extracted Ca ions from  den-tine using citric acid 5% and 1%, at pH 7 and pH 9. Methodology30 extracted, single rooted, human teeth were tested. Their crowns were sectioned at CEJ using diamond disks. The root canals were manually prepared with K-files #50-60. After each instrument 2.5 ml of 5.25% NaOCl was used and 0.9 NaCl as final irrigation. All teeth were longitudinally sectioned and 8 samples of dentine taken from each sample. EDTA 10% and 17 % and citric acid 1% and 5% in neutral and alkaline pH were used.  Each sample was immersed in acid and then exposure time was evaluated after 1, 5, 10, 15 and 25 min.The release rate of calcium ions from root dentine was evaluated by atomic absorption spectrometer. ResultsThere were significant differences in the amount of extracted Ca by citric acid 1% and 5% or EDTA 10% and 17% in human teeth. ConclusionsIt may be concluded that EDTA is a better chelating agent than citric acid. The decalcifying activity of these solutions is related to the duration of exposure, pH and their concentrations.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Ahmad Royani

Mangan Sulfat adalah bahan baku penting dalam produksi beberapa senyawa mangan di berbagai industri. Oleh karena itu, pembuatan Mangan Sulfat dari bijih mangan kadar rendah untuk produksi senyawa dengan kemurnian yang tinggi menjadi hal yang sangat penting. Untuk membuat serbuk MnSO4.H2O dengan kemurnian tinggi dari larutan hasil pelindian bijih mangan, maka perlu dilakukan proses kristalisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat serbuk Mangan Sulfat dari pelindian bijih mangan kadar rendah dengan metode kristalisasi. Kristalisasi dilakukan pada setiap sampel sebanyak 500 mL larutan Mangan Sulfat pada suhu ± 98oC dalam berbagai waktu. Kemudian didinginkan pada temperatur kamar ± 30oC dan pada media air es ± 3oC. Analisis kadar mangan sebelum dan sesudah proses kristalisasi dilakukan menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Morfologi serbuk produk mangan dikarakterisasi menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope yang dilengkapi dengan Energy Dispersive Spectrometer. Hasil kristalisasi sangat efektif untuk menghilangkan unsur pengotor dalam serbuk MnSO4.H2O. Unsur pengotor mengalami penurunan sebesar 99,15% dan 98,96% dalam proses kristalisasi dengan pendinginan di udara dan pendinginan menggunakan air es. Sementara itu, serbuk kristal yang dihasilkan mengandung lebih dari 98% MnSO4.H2O dengan unsur pengotor dibawah 2%. Serbuk kristal pada pendinginan udara cenderung memiliki struktur yang lebih teratur dan berukuran relatif lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan struktur dan ukuran kristal pada pendinginan air es.


Author(s):  
George Guthrie ◽  
David Veblen

The nature of a geologic fluid can often be inferred from fluid-filled cavities (generally <100 μm in size) that are trapped during the growth of a mineral. A variety of techniques enables the fluids and daughter crystals (any solid precipitated from the trapped fluid) to be identified from cavities greater than a few micrometers. Many minerals, however, contain fluid inclusions smaller than a micrometer. Though inclusions this small are difficult or impossible to study by conventional techniques, they are ideally suited for study by analytical/ transmission electron microscopy (A/TEM) and electron diffraction. We have used this technique to study fluid inclusions and daughter crystals in diamond and feldspar.Inclusion-rich samples of diamond and feldspar were ion-thinned to electron transparency and examined with a Philips 420T electron microscope (120 keV) equipped with an EDAX beryllium-windowed energy dispersive spectrometer. Thin edges of the sample were perforated in areas that appeared in light microscopy to be populated densely with inclusions. In a few cases, the perforations were bound polygonal sides to which crystals (structurally and compositionally different from the host mineral) were attached (Figure 1).


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2381
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bialik-Wąs ◽  
Ewelina Królicka ◽  
Dagmara Malina

Here, we report on studies on the influence of different crosslinking methods (ionic and chemical) on the physicochemical (swelling ability and degradation in simulated body fluids), structural (FT-IR spectra analysis) and morphological (SEM analysis) properties of SA/PVA hydrogels containing active substances of natural origin. First, an aqueous extract of Echinacea purpurea was prepared using a Soxhlet apparatus. Next, a series of modified SA/PVA-based hydrogels were obtained through the chemical crosslinking method using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA, Mn = 700 g/mol) as a crosslinking agent and, additionally, the ionic reaction in the presence of a 5% w/v calcium chloride solution. The compositions of SA/PVA/E. purpurea-based hydrogels contained a polymer of natural origin—sodium alginate (SA, 1.5% solution)—and a synthetic polymer—poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA, Mn = 72,000 g/mol, 10% solution)—in the ratio 2:1, and different amounts of the aqueous extract of E. purpurea—5, 10, 15 or 20% (v/v). Additionally, the release behavior of echinacoside from the polymeric matrix was evaluated in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 37 °C. The results indicate that the type of the crosslinking method has a direct impact on the release profile. Consequently, it is possible to design a system that delivers an active substance in a way that depends on the application.


2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 124-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zineb Mahcene ◽  
Aminata Khelil ◽  
Sara Hasni ◽  
Perihan Kubra Akman ◽  
Fatih Bozkurt ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 964 ◽  
pp. 240-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaliya Rasyida ◽  
Thalyta Rizkha Pradipta ◽  
Sigit Tri Wicaksono ◽  
Vania Mitha Pratiwi ◽  
Yeny Widya Rakhmawati

Utilization of brown algae especially in Madura, where it’s close to Surabaya, only limited for food. This become a reference for developing and increasing the potential of this algae by extracting one of the ingredients, namely alginate. This paper deals with the characterization of sodium alginate extracted from sargassum sp. using modified-purified calcium routes. The extracted sodium alginate will be further used as composite hydrogel materials and compared with commercial sodium alginate. Hereafter, the synthesized composite is expected to be bio-ink for 3d printer. Chemical composition analysis were analyzed using X-Ray Fluorosense (XRF) followed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis to identify the functional group of composite and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, viscosity bath is performed to compare the viscosity of extracted and commercial one. The result shows that modified-purified calcium routes in the extraction process of sodium alginate is desirable for improving their properties. Interestingly enough, with the goal of using it as bio-ink in 3d printed fabrication, the synthesized composite shows viscosity, 300 cSt, which meets the criteria for bio-ink in 3d printer.


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