scholarly journals The Biochemical Effect of Smoking on the Response to Chemotherapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 2879-2882
Author(s):  
Oana Miron ◽  
Adina Magdalena Turcanu ◽  
Bogdan Mihnea Ciuntu ◽  
Vladimir Poroch ◽  
Daniel Timofte
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Biochemical Effect ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy

Improvements in early detection of cancer have led to an important decrease in mortality rates of cancer. Given the increased incidence rates and decreased mortality rates, the number of patients surviving cancer is rapidly increasing. Although cancer patients face many physical and psychological symptoms, they also continue to engage in poor health behaviors at rates similar to those of the general-healthy population. The prime example of such unhealthy behavior is smoking. The reports show that smoking rates at the time of diagnosis of cancer vary from 10% to 95%. Our study analyzed how the smoking status influenced the outcome of chemotherapy of 249 patients suffering from various forms of cancer. Our statistical analysis showed that patients who smoked had a significant different response to chemotherapy compared to their nonsmoking peers. This meant that in our sample of 149 cancer suffering patients, individuals who did not smoke had a significant better chance of a partial positive response after chemotherapy compared to patients who smoked regularly. Therefore, tobacco smoking is an adverse prognostic factor associated with a resistance to chemotherapy. These results are important given the fact that cancer patients already face a combination of unpleasant symptoms related to their disease but also from the side effects of their treatment. Uncovering the exact mechanisms through which smoking is affecting the outcome of chemotherapy may help in increasing the quality of life, the symptom burden or the final outcome of chemotherapy.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patel Rajvi ◽  
◽  
Park Jennifer ◽  
Shah Ankit ◽  
Wasif Saif Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Cancer Centers ◽  
Global Pandemic

COVID-19 has now been declared a global pandemic with evolving incidence rates and fatalities. It is important to identify vulnerable populations who will be impacted most by this pandemic leading to higher mortality rates compared to the general healthy population. Although older patients and patients with co-morbidities fall into this vulnerable group, patients with hematologic and oncologic malignancies on active cytotoxic treatments are at even greater risk as they are both myelosuppressed and immunosuppressed. In addition to following the universal guidelines recommended by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), it is important to also institute guidelines for cancer centers to help protect this vulnerable population. We review the current data, risks, and recommendations for COVID-19 in cancer patients.

An observational study to determine the prevalence of alcohol use disorders in advanced cancer patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Webber ◽  
Andrew N Davies
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients ◽  
Current Smoking Status ◽  
Current Smoking

Context: observational studies in North America suggest alcohol dependence is a common problem in advanced cancer patients and is associated with a high burden of physical and psychological symptoms. The prevalence of all types of alcohol use disorders, and the relationship between alcohol use disorders and symptoms, has not been studied. Objectives: this observational, cross-sectional study was designed to determine the prevalence of alcohol use disorders in patients with advanced cancer and establish if such patients have a higher symptom burden. Methods: sequential patients referred to the palliative medicine team at a United Kingdom cancer centre completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-Short Form (MSAS-SF). Results: 120 patients participated in the study. Twenty-two (18%) patients screened positively for the presence of an alcohol use disorder. This study found no significant association between alcohol use disorders and the presence of anxiety ( P = 0.38) or depression ( P = 0.81) on the HADS or the global distress index subscale ( P = 0.142), physical symptom distress index subscale ( P = 0.734), or the psychological distress index subscale ( P = 0.154) on the MSAS-SF. Current smoking status was the only independent predictor for the presence of an alcohol use disorder ( P < 0.001). Seven (6%) patients screened positively for high-risk alcohol use disorders. Current smoking status ( P < 0.001) and male gender ( p < 0.001) were independent predictors of this problem. Conclusions: alcohol use disorders in this cohort of patients were not associated with a higher symptom burden, and the prevalence was lower than the general United Kingdom population.

scholarly journals Smoking status and symptom burden in surgical head and neck cancer patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine R. Sterba ◽  
Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer ◽  
Matthew J. Carpenter ◽  
Janet A. Tooze ◽  
Jeanne L. Hatcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Symptom Burden

scholarly journals Approach for Compensation System of Asbestos-Related Lung Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Nishina ◽  
M Niino ◽  
T Higashi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Compensation System ◽  
National Database ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Asbestos Related Disease ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Background The health hazards of asbestos have been globally recognized, especially those among industrial workers with long-term exposure. Lung cancer is one such asbestos-related disease. It occurs not only among workers but also among residents with environmental exposure to asbestos. Patients with work-related exposure can receive occupational compensation, and patients with non-occupational exposure are supported by a separate compensation system in Japan. However, the latter is not well-known among clinicians, and a substantial number of patients may have been left out. We need an effective way to find patients eligible to receive benefits by better understanding the clinical conditions that characterize patients with asbestos-related lung cancer. Methods We conducted two types of research: 1. Comparison of clinical characteristics between compensation system recipients (N = 65) and general lung cancer patients diagnosed in 2015, using Japan’s National Database of Hospital-Based Cancer Registry. 2. Estimation of the frequency of pleural plaques among lung cancer patients by double-checking CT scan images of a random sample of lung cancer patients obtained from the HBCR national database (N = 3585). Results Patients with squamous cell carcinoma are twice as likely asbestos-induced as patients with other histology overall after adjusting for age, sex and cancer stages, but not smoking status and history. As many as 20% of the CT images were read inconsistently between two radiologists or respiratory disease doctors and we could not obtain the accurate rate of candidacy for the compensation system. Conclusions We require more accurate information about pathological characteristics by controlling for smoking status and history among compensation recipients. For radiologic interpretation, more effective education is needed for the radiologists and respiratory disease doctors who treat lung cancer patients. Key messages Specific information about asbestos-related lung cancer would lead clinicians to correctly identify asbestos-related lung cancer. Educational system for clinicians would help patients to receive the benefit of compensation.

scholarly journals Significant Decrease in Annual Cancer Diagnoses in Spain during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Real-Data Study

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3215
Author(s):  
Sofía Ruiz-Medina ◽  
Silvia Gil ◽  
Begoña Jimenez ◽  
Pablo Rodriguez-Brazzarola ◽  
Tamara Diaz-Redondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Annual Rate ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a profound change in health organizations at both the primary and hospital care levels. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the annual rate of new cancer diagnosis in two university-affiliated hospitals. This study includes all the patients with a pathological diagnosis of cancer attended in two hospitals in Málaga (Spain) during the first year of pandemic. This study population was compared with the patients diagnosed during the previous year 2019. To analyze whether the possible differences in the annual rate of diagnoses were due to the pandemic or to other causes, the patients diagnosed during 2018 and 2017 were also compared. There were 2340 new cancer diagnosis compared to 2825 patients in 2019 which represented a decrease of −17.2% (p = 0.0001). Differences in the number of cancer patients diagnosed between 2018 and 2019 (2840 new cases; 0.5% increase) or 2017 and 2019 (2909 new cases; 3% increase) were not statistically significant. The highest number of patients lost from diagnosis in 2020 was in breast cancer (−26.1%), colorectal neoplasms (−16.9%), and head and neck tumors (−19.8%). The study of incidence rates throughout the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic shows that the diagnosis of new cancer patients has been significantly impaired. Health systems must take the necessary measures to restore pre-pandemic diagnostic procedures and to recover lost patients who have not been diagnosed.

scholarly journals Research of the epidemiology on cancer of the trachea, bronchi, lungs as important components in the development of effective directions for increasing the effectiveness of pharmaceutical support for cancer patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Yurii Pulnyi ◽  
Hanna Panfilova ◽  
Ellona Shelkova ◽  
Oleksandr Kabachnyi ◽  
Vitaly Chernukha
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Male Cohort ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

The aim: to conduct epidemiological studies on cancer of the trachea, bronchi, lungs as important components in the development of effective directions for increasing the effectiveness of pharmaceutical support for cancer patients in Ukraine. Materials and methods. The study used data from special literature, which presents the results of research on cancer in different countries of the world and data from the National Cancer Registry from 2014-2019 by indicators of morbidity and mortality of the population of Ukraine from cancer of the trachea, bronchi and lungs, including by gender. General theoretical (historical, analytical-comparative, systemic, graphic, logical, hypothetical-deductive) and applied (mathematical-statistical, epidemiological) research methods were used. Results. It was found that during 2014-2018 in terms of morbidity and mortality of the population from cancer of the trachea, bronchi and lungs in Ukraine, there was a positive dynamics of decline. So, in terms of incidence rates, which are standardized by WHO in 2018, the data decreased compared to 2014 by 8.4 %, and according to the “Ukrainian standard” – by 7.0 %. Mortality rates, which were standardized by WHO, decreased in 2018 compared to 2014 by 12.1 %, and those presented according to the “Ukrainian standard” – by 11.1 %. It was proved that the average data on morbidity and mortality of male patients were 6.2 and 7.4 times higher than in the same data for female patients. The different nature of changes in morbidity and mortality rates of patients in accordance with their gender in the dynamics of years has been established. So, for the female cohort of patients, the incidence and mortality rate from cancer of the trachea, bronchi and lungs during 2014-2018 had a complex zigzag character of changes, and in 2019, compared with the data of 2014, they increased by 22.54 % and 23.6 %, respectively. In the male cohort of patients, we observed a positive trend towards a decrease in mortality during 2014-2019. So, in 2019, these indicators reached their minimum and were equal to 57.0 and 44.0 cases per 100 thousand population. According to the data of 2019, the incidence and mortality of men from cancer of the trachea, bronchi and lungs relative to the data of 2014 decreased by 21.4 % and 25.0 %, respectively. It looks encouraging that there was relatively little fluctuation during 2014-2019 epidemiological indicators, both in general for the entire population of patients and female patients. Conclusions. The established characteristics and trends in the formation of the onco-epidemiological profile of the country's population for trachea, bronchus and lung cancer in dynamics over the years necessitate further research, taking into account changes in the main demographic indicators development of society

scholarly journals Cancer Statistics in Kurdistan Region of Iraq: A Tale of Two Cities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karwan M-Amen ◽  
Omiad Abdullah ◽  
Ahmed Amin ◽  
Bestoon Hasan ◽  
Zeki Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Female Breast Cancer ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Cancer Statistics ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Two Cities

Abstract There is limited published data on recent cancer incidence trends in Iraqi Kurdistan. Therefore, this study assesses epidemiological estimates of cancer incidence as well as the projection of future cancer trends in the upcoming decade by analysing the population-based cancer registry from 2013 to 2019 in both Erbil and Duhok governorates. A retrospective study was conducted on data retrieved from the Medical Statistics Department at the Ministry of Health, KRG. The total number of female cancer patients was higher in both governorates, and the total number of patients more than doubled from 2013 to 2019 in Erbil and Duhok, from 73 to 174 patients/100,000 population for women, and 36 to 85 patients/100,000 population for men. Data analysis indicates that the percentage of cancer patients is projected to increase in the decade from 2020-2030 from 107.4% to 234.3% in 2030 in Erbil governorate; and from 106% to 163% in Duhok governorate. Female breast cancer and lung cancer are the most prominent types of cancers since 2013 in Erbil and Duhok governorates. The striking pattern of trends for both present and future cancer incidence rates require the urgent solutions and comprehensive efforts to control risk factors that promote the continuity of cancer diseases in these two KRG governorates.

scholarly journals The Symptom Burden and Quality of Life in Cancer Patients in the Gaza Strip, Palestine: A Cross-Sectional Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262512
Author(s):  
Yousuf ElMokhallalati ◽  
Enas Alaloul ◽  
Mohammed Shatat ◽  
Tasneem Shneewra ◽  
Saad El Massri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Outpatient Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Gaza Strip

Objectives Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the Gaza Strip, Palestine, but there is an absence of evidence systematically assessing symptom burden and quality of life (QoL) using validated tools. Our objective was to assess associations between socio-demographic and disease-related characteristics, symptom burden and QoL in a sample of cancer patients accessing outpatient services in the Gaza Strip. Design A cross-sectional, descriptive survey using interviews and medical record review involving patients with cancer accessing oncology outpatient services at Al Rantisi Hospital and European Gaza Hospital (EGH) in the Gaza Strip was employed. Socio-demographic and disease-related data, the Lebanese version of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS-Leb), and the Arabic version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) were collected. Multiple linear regression was used to judge the relative influence of determinants of QoL. Results Of 414 cancer patients approached, 385 patients consented to participation. The majority were women (64.7%) with a mean age of 52 years (SD = 16.7). Common cancer diagnoses were breast (32.2%), haematological (17.9%) and colorectal (9.1%). The median number of symptoms was 10 (IQR 1.5–18.5). Mean overall QoL was 70.5 (SD 19.9) with common physical and psychological symptoms identified. A higher burden of symptoms was associated with marital status, education and income. Limited access to both opioids and psychological support were reported. Conclusions A high symptom burden was identified in outpatients with cancer. Increasing provision and access to supportive care for physical and psychological symptoms should be prioritised alongside exploring routine assessment of symptom burden and QoL.

scholarly journals CANCER OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN THE FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
V. P. Gordienko ◽  
S. N. Leontjeva ◽  
T. N. Korobkova
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Far Eastern

The aim of the study was to assess the incidence and mortality rates of female reproductive system cancer in the Far Eastern Federal District over the last ten years (2008–2017).Material and Methods. In our study we used statistical reports on the female reproductive system cancer incidence and mortality rates and 10-year follow-up data.Results. In 2017, 25155 new cases of female reproductive system cancer were diagnosed in the Far Eastern Federal District (26.6 % higher than in 2008). A total of 128776 patients (2.1 % of the population of the region) were followed up. Over the study period, there has been increase in the number of patients with stage I–II breast cancer (+4.8 %), cervical cancer (+6.3 %), uterine body (+3.9 %) and ovarian cancer (+5.7 %), with simultaneous reduction in the number of patients with advanced stages, except ovarian cancer (+5.0 %). For the past 10 years, cancer incidence rates have been steadily increasing, while cancer mortality rates have been decreasing with the exception of cervical cancer (+13.7 %). Morphological confirmation of the diagnosis (over 90 %) exceeded the national average ones. The number of patients followed-up for 5 or more years appeared to be lower than the average values in Russia; however the 1-year mortality rates after diagnosis improved. Ovarian cancer remains the most deadly of the gynecological cancers (22.9–27.9 %).Conclusion. Over the last ten years in the Far Eastern Federal District, in contrast to the overall decline in the mortality rates, there has been a steady increase in the incidence rates of female reproductive system cancer, except for cervical cancer. 

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