scholarly journals A Facile Method Combined with Acetic Acid Modification and Electroless Plating to Fabricate Copper-plated Nylon 12 Powder for Antistatic Coating

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Zhiping Sun ◽  
Yuqiao Wan ◽  
Chunlan Jiang ◽  
Chengmei Gui
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Electroless Plating ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Conductive Filler ◽  
Volume Resistivity ◽  
Polymer Composite Material ◽  
Acid Modification ◽  
Electroless Copper Plating ◽  
Antistatic Coating ◽  
Nylon 12

Metal particle could deposited on Nylon 12 (PA12) surface using electroless plating with excellent interface and distribution, but the use of noble metal as catalytic site would increase the process cost and restrict its application. In this work, we employed a facile technology combined with acetic acid etching and electroless copper plating to prepare Cu/PA12 composite powder, and it used as conductive filler for antistatic coating was also studied. Results manifested defects (hole and amorphous structure) and amide group established on etched PA12 surface, which would facilitate the destruction of the [Cu-EDTA] structure, and then the reduction of REDOX barrier. As a result, Cu and Cu2O particles deposited on its surface. The downward trend of volume resistivity of antistatic coating appeared the rule of slow-fast-slow. The lowest volume resistivity was about 105 ohm�cm. This means that the dependable technology has great potential application in preparing metal/polymer composite material at a low cost.

POLYMER BRUSH-INDUCED ELECTROLESS COPPER PLATING TO FABRICATE Cu/CaCO3 COMPOSITE POWDER

2020 ◽  
pp. 2050053
Author(s):  
QIHONG LI ◽  
GUANGCHAO QIN ◽  
JUNJUN HUANG ◽  
CHENGMEI GUI ◽  
JINGUO BEI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metal ◽  
Electroless Plating ◽  
Composite Powder ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Polymer Brush ◽  
Catalytic Site ◽  
Metal Catalyst ◽  
Copper Plating ◽  
Electroless Copper Plating ◽  
Electroless Copper

Electroless plating can be used to prepare metal particle/CaCO3 composite powder, but the use of noble metal as catalytic site would increase the cost. In this work, we adopt the combined 3-amino-propyltriethoxysilane (KH550) modification and NiCl2 activation to coat CaCO3 powder by a uniform layer of Ni particles/polymer brush which acts as non-noble metal catalyst, then, a low-cost electroless plating to prepare Cu particle/CaCO3 composite powder was developed. Results showed hydrolyzed KH550 coated on the CaCO3 surface in the form of polymer brush. The active group on the polymer brush surface could chemisorb Ni[Formula: see text] and then Ni particles/polymer brush was attached on its surface. The Ni particle/polymer brush structure acted as catalytic site and could catalyze electroless copper plating on its surface. The [Formula: see text] is 1%, its average diameter is about 100[Formula: see text]nm. This means that the dependable technology has great potential application in preparing metal inorganic powder at a low cost.

Novel fabrication of low-cost Ti–Cu alloy by electroless copper plating and vacuum sintering

Vacuum ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 110330
Author(s):  
Chunming Wang ◽  
Luming Zeng ◽  
Wucheng Ding ◽  
Tongxiang Liang
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Copper Plating ◽  
Vacuum Sintering ◽  
Electroless Copper Plating ◽  
Cu Alloy ◽  
Electroless Copper

scholarly journals Development of algorithms for automated detection of cervical pre-cancers with a low-cost, point-of-care, Pocket colposcope

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercy Nyamewaa Asiedu ◽  
Anish Simhal ◽  
Usamah Chaudhary ◽  
Jenna L. Mueller ◽  
Christopher T. Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Machine Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Automatic Feature Extraction ◽  
Lugol’S Iodine

AbstractGoalIn this work, we propose methods for (1) automatic feature extraction and classification for acetic acid and Lugol’s iodine cervigrams and (2) methods for combining features/diagnosis of different contrasts in cervigrams for improved performance.MethodsWe developed algorithms to pre-process pathology-labeled cervigrams and to extract simple but powerful color and textural-based features. The features were used to train a support vector machine model to classify cervigrams based on corresponding pathology for visual inspection with acetic acid, visual inspection with Lugol’s iodine, and a combination of the two contrasts.ResultsThe proposed framework achieved a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 81.3%, 78.6%, and 80.0%, respectively when used to distinguish cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN+) relative to normal and benign tissues. This is superior to the average values achieved by three expert physicians on the same data set for discriminating normal/benign cases from CIN+ (77% sensitivity, 51% specificity, 63% accuracy).ConclusionThe results suggest that utilizing simple color- and textural-based features from visual inspection with acetic acid and visual inspection with Lugol’s iodine images may provide unbiased automation of cervigrams.SignificanceThis would enable automated, expert-level diagnosis of cervical pre-cancer at the point-of-care.

scholarly journals Visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid as a feasible screening test for cervical neoplasia among women attending at OPD in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Nahid Yusuf ◽  
Md Ahmed Ali ◽  
Nazmun Nahar ◽  
Shipra Chaudhury ◽  
Md Zillur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Simple Method

Background: Visual inspection of cervix after application of 3-5% acetic acid (VIA) is a potential alternative to Pap smear cytology for screening of cervical cancer in resource poor settings.Objectives: This study was to evaluate the performance of visual inspection based screening approach in the detection of precancerous and early cancerous lesions of the cervix.Materials & Methods: VIA was carried out in 540 eligible women attending Gynae OPD. Detection of well-defined, opaque, acetowhite lesion close to squamocolumnar junction or in transitional zone of the cervix constituted positive VIA. All screened women evaluated by colposcopy and biopsy were taken from colposcopically suspected areas. The final diagnosis was based on histology.Results: Out of 540 patients, 328 were VIA negative and 212 were VIA positive. Colposcopy showed normal results in 340 cases, low grade CIN in 138 cases, high grade CIN in 44 cases and cancer in 18 cases. There were biopsy proven chronic cervicitis and metaplastic changes in 423 cases, CIN I in 66 cases, CIN II in 25 cases, CIN III / carcinoma-in-situ in 5 cases. The sensitivity of VIA was 74.36%, specificity 70.45%, positive predictive value 41.04%, & negative predictive value 90.85%.Conclusion: VIA can differentiate a normal cervix from a precancerous cervix with reasonable accuracy. As it is low cost and simple method, it can be set in any hospital or any health care centre of rural or urban areas of poor resource settings.KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-2, July 2018, Page 56-60

Improved thermal conductivity of epoxy composites prepared with a mixed filler of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and aluminum nitride particles

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Jiao ◽  
Yonghong Cui ◽  
Yu Xia
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Aluminum Nitride ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Conductive Filler ◽  
Volume Resistivity ◽  
Phonon Transport ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
The One

The thermal conductive filler/epoxy resin (EP) composites were prepared by a casting method. The effects of the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), aluminum nitride (AlN) particles, and their compounds on the microstructure and thermal conductivity of the composites were investigated, in addition to the thermal properties. The results indicated that compounds of MWCNTs and AlN particles exhibited a remarkable synergistic effect to improve the thermal conductivity properties of the composites. The one-dimensional MWCNTs with superb thermal conductivity bridged the AlN particles to form an excellent network, which provides a faster and more effective pathway for phonon transport in the composites. The thermal conductivity of the 0.6 vol% MWCNTs/3.4 vol% AlN/EP composite is 0.53 W (m K)−1. In addition, the thermal conductivity of the MWCNTs/AlN/EP composites with 0.4 vol% MWCNTs and 3.4 vol% AlN is 0.48 W (m K)−1 (which is twice the value of 0.24 W (m K)−1 for the pure EP) which was much higher than the 0.4 vol% MWCNTs/EP composites (0.27 W (m K)−1) and the 3.4 vol% AlN/EP composites (0.28 W (m K)−1). Bruggeman’s equation is identified to fit quite well to the experimental results of the AlN/EP composites in the entire range of volume percentage of AlN; however, the MWCNTs/EP composites coincided better to the Russell equation. The volume resistivity of the MWCNTs/AlN/EP composites (approximately 1.8–2.6 × 1012 Ω m) exhibited only a slight compromise in comparison to the pure EP (2.5 × 1014 Ω m), which manifested the excellent insulation characteristic of these composites.

The Effect of Temperature and Content of Conductive Filler on the Conductivity of Conductive Rubber

2008 ◽  
Vol 575-578 ◽  
pp. 1335-1337
Author(s):  
Ting Tai Wang ◽  
Yu Guang Zhang ◽  
Lin Feng Yang ◽  
Jing Chang Zhang ◽  
Sheng Man Liu
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Conductive Filler ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Polymer Composite Material ◽  
Nitrile Rubber ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Conductive Polymer Composite ◽  
Volume Resistance

How the volume resistance rate of the conductive polymer composite material such as nitrile rubber (NBR) filled with ACET changes with temperature is studied. How the volume resistance rate of different conductive polymer composite material is affected by the content of ACET is studied. Such cases are then explained theoretically.

scholarly journals pH Manipulation as a Novel Strategy for Treating Mucormycosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 6968-6974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wioleta J. Trzaska ◽  
Joao N. Correia ◽  
Maria T. Villegas ◽  
Robin C. May ◽  
Kerstin Voelz
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Major Trauma ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Novel Strategy

ABSTRACTMucormycosis is a fatal fungal disease caused by several organisms within the order Mucorales. In recent years, traumatic injury has emerged as a novel risk factor for mucormycosis. Current antifungal therapy is ineffective, expensive, and typically requires extensive surgical debridement. There is thus a pressing need for safe prophylactic treatment that can be rapidly and easily applied to high-risk patients, such as those with major trauma injuries. Acetic acid has been used as a topical treatment for burn wounds for centuries and has proven activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Here, we demonstrate that acetic acid is also highly effective against major pathogenic groups of Mucorales, even at very low concentrations (0.3%). This antifungal effect is not seen with other acids, such as hydrochloric and lactic acid, suggesting that acetic acid activity against Mucorales spores is not solely evoked by low environmental pH. In agreement with this, we demonstrate that the antifungal activity of acetic acid arises from a combination of its ability to potently lower intracellular pH and from pH-independent toxicity. Thus, dilute acetic acid may offer a low-cost, safe, prophylactic treatment for patients at risk of invasive mucormycosis following traumatic injury.

scholarly journals Integrated bioprocess for conversion of gaseous substrates to liquids

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (14) ◽  
pp. 3773-3778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Hu ◽  
Sagar Chakraborty ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Benjamin Woolston ◽  
Hongjuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Synthesis Gas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Acid Product ◽  
The Individual

In the quest for inexpensive feedstocks for the cost-effective production of liquid fuels, we have examined gaseous substrates that could be made available at low cost and sufficiently large scale for industrial fuel production. Here we introduce a new bioconversion scheme that effectively converts syngas, generated from gasification of coal, natural gas, or biomass, into lipids that can be used for biodiesel production. We present an integrated conversion method comprising a two-stage system. In the first stage, an anaerobic bioreactor converts mixtures of gases of CO2 and CO or H2 to acetic acid, using the anaerobic acetogen Moorella thermoacetica. The acetic acid product is fed as a substrate to a second bioreactor, where it is converted aerobically into lipids by an engineered oleaginous yeast, Yarrowia lipolytica. We first describe the process carried out in each reactor and then present an integrated system that produces microbial oil, using synthesis gas as input. The integrated continuous bench-scale reactor system produced 18 g/L of C16-C18 triacylglycerides directly from synthesis gas, with an overall productivity of 0.19 g⋅L−1⋅h−1 and a lipid content of 36%. Although suboptimal relative to the performance of the individual reactor components, the presented integrated system demonstrates the feasibility of substantial net fixation of carbon dioxide and conversion of gaseous feedstocks to lipids for biodiesel production. The system can be further optimized to approach the performance of its individual units so that it can be used for the economical conversion of waste gases from steel mills to valuable liquid fuels for transportation.

scholarly journals Sanitizing action of triple-strength vinegar against Escherichia coli on lettuce

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna C Souza ◽  
Wilma A Spinosa ◽  
Tereza CRM Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects ◽  
Interesting Alternative

ABSTRACT Vegetable sanitization protocols recommend the use of chlorine, which has adverse effects on the environment and carcinogenic effects on humans. Acetic acid is an interesting alternative to chlorine because it possesses no risk to human health and is widely available in the form of vinegar. This study aimed to evaluate the sanitizing action of vinegar, 130 g L-1 total titratable acidity expressed as acetic acid, on lettuce. Vinegar was chosen because it is a low-cost product widely available in the Brazilian market. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of vinegar against Escherichia coli were 2.5 and 15 g L-1 total acidity, respectively. Lettuce leaves artificially contaminated with E. coli or naturally contaminated with total coliforms were washed with water and immersed in vinegar solution (15 g L-1 total acidity) for 15 min. This period was sufficient to reduce E. coli counts in artificially contaminated samples and total coliforms in naturally contaminated samples. There were no visual changes in lettuce leaves, which indicates that vinegar at 15 g L-1 total acidity can be used to sanitize vegetables without affecting their appearance.

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