scholarly journals Principios presupuestarios públicos para una propuesta de renta básica para el ciudadano / Public Budgetary Principles for a Proposal of a Basic Income for Citizens

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemí Peña Miguel ◽  
Joseba Iñaki De la Peña ◽  
María Cristina Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Social Equity ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
The Public ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Contributions ◽  
Poverty Lines ◽  
Negative Growth

ABSTRACTIn Spain most of homes have an income lower than 2000¼ per month. In addition, if we compare year per year the poverty lines of the different classes of homes, we can conclude that the poor are poorer since the crisis began, with a decrease of the poverty line from 7.945¼ in 2009 to 7.533,33¼ in the year 2011. This last quantity is very close to the Public Indicator of Income for Multiple Effects (IPREM) of 7.455,12 €. This indicator is a reference for the calculation of several grants, as unemployment between others. In addition the aging of the population is one of the most pressing problems for the developed economies, and Spain is not an exception. For the next thirty years, the growing of the pensioner people is bigger than the growing of the labor people. Even more, the nowadays tributary income has a negative growth, and the social contributions for Social Security during 2012 will not cover totally the expense in pensions that year. For solving those situations (increase of the poverty line, aging and fiscal income with negative growth) it is proposed a Citizen Basic Income in order to face to the first need expenses. The implantation by the governments implies analyzing the effect that the decision would have not only in the current population-citizens-, but also in the future ones. It is necessary to bear in mind the effect that the decision carries. In this paper we remember several existing principles and we include new ones in order to be borne in mind by a goYernment based on justice and social equity. The new principles that we include in this paper are: transparency of the budget and its management; transfer of resources between the diverse generations in every moment of time; relevant information.RESUMENEn España la mayoría de los hogares tienen unos ingresos inferiores a 2000 € al mes. Además, los pobres son más pobres desde que empezó la crisis, con una disminución en el umbral de pobreza que pasó de 7.945 € en el año 2009 a 7.533,33 € en el año 2011, importe muy cercano al In-dicador Público de Renta de Efectos Múltiples, índice de referencia para el cálculo de ingresos. El envejecimiento de la población está comenzando a ser uno de los problemas más acuciantes para las economías desarrolladas en general. La recaudación tributaria actual tiene un crecimiento negativo, al igual que las cotizaciones sociales cuyo ingreso previsto para el año 2012 no cubrirá totalmente la financiación del montante del gasto en pensiones. En España la mayoría de los hogares tienen unos ingresos inferiores a 2000 € al mes. Además, si comparamos anualmente los umbrales de pobreza de las diferentes tipologías de hogares españoles, podemos concluir que los pobres son más pobres desde que empezó la crisis, con una disminución del indicador umbral de pobreza que pasó de 7.945 € en el año 2009 a 7.533,33 € para el 2011, cantidad muy cercana al Indicador Público de Renta de Efectos Múltiples (IPREM) de 7.455,12 €, índice de referencia para el cálculo de subsidios de desempleo e indemnizaciones por despido, entre otros. Además el envejecimiento de la población está comenzando a ser uno de los problemas más acuciantes para las economías desarrolladas en general, y España no es una excepción. Para los próximos treinta años, el ritmo de crecimiento de la población pensionista es muy superior al ritmo de crecimiento de la población que se encuentra en edad de trabajar. Por otra parte, la recaudación tributaria actual tiene un crecimiento negativo, al igual que las cotizaciones sociales cuyo ingreso previsto para el año 2012 no cubrirá totalmente la financiación del montante del gasto en pensiones. Ante tal situación (incremento del umbral de pobreza, envejecimiento y recau-dación fiscal con crecimiento negativo) se propone una Renta Básica para el Ciudadano con el fin de hacer frente a los gastos de primera necesidad. Dicha implantación por parte de los gobiernos implica analizar el efecto que tal decisión tendría no sólo en la población actual, sino también en las futuras. Por ello la decisión debe tomarse teniendo en cuenta el efecto que conlleva. En el presente trabajo se aportan nuevos principios y se plantean algunos ya existentes, que un gobierno que se base en la jus-ticia y equidad social debe tener en cuenta como guía para asignar los recursos con los que hacer frente a los gastos anualmente estimados, con el fin de financiar una Renta Básica para el Ciudadano. Los nuevos principios aportados son: transparencia de la gestión presupuestaria; transferencia de recursos entre las diversas generaciones en cada momento de tiempo; información relevante.

scholarly journals Menentukan Nilai Penggantian Wajar Lahan Terdampak Pekerjaan Reaktifasi Jalur Kereta Api Trase Muaro Logas, Kabupaten Sijunjung, Provinsi Sumatera Barat

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
Hasta Herlan Asymar
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Reform Plan ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract  – The calculation of the value of the Reasonable Land Turnover Terdamapak Job Reaktifasi railway line for arbitration was Muaro Logas was part of the study of the action of liberation/land and buildings for the reform plan of the reaktifasi railway line between Muaro-Logas is part of the planning of the reactivation railway line. This study analyzes regulations and policies, perceived an inventory and survey/census by identifying the affected community land procurement, with regard to the characteristics and the types of harm experienced, agreement agreement between the local government, the province and the Center in funding the acquisition of land; analyze optimum land procurement and analyse livelihood for the population affected by socio-economic factors, analyzing the parameters with the social, cultural, and economic related to population, the impact of the procurement of land and influence implementation of the work against the poor, residents of the tribal minorities, alienated, and other vulnerable groups, including women, as well as the institutional framework in planning the liberation of land and the settlements back including duties and responsibilities each institution. In the calculation of the Reasonable Replacement Value using Standar Penilaian Indonesia306 (SPI 306) about the assessment of the provision of Land for development for the benefit of the public

“The Red Pastor”

Karl Barth ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 61-83
Author(s):  
Christiane Tietz
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Socialist Party ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
World War ◽  
God's Will ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

The social circumstances in Barth’s new parish in Safenwil were shaped by the poor working conditions at the town’s two textile factories. Barth soon took public positions on behalf of the workers, what led to the public accusation of a “red Messiah”. He was convinced of the continuity between Jesus’s teachings and the goals of social democracy, becoming a member of the Swiss Socialist Party. During these years Barth’s friendship with Eduard Thurneysen deepened and their joint theological work began. Barth got to know Hermann Kutter and Leonhard Ragaz, the important Swiss religious socialists. The First World War and the support for that war among German theologians, including several of his professors, was a decisive turning point, leading Barth to conclude theologically that human beings should not identify any human cause with God’s will. In 1913, Barth married Nelly Hoffmann. During their time in Safenwil, they had four children.

From Refugee to Entrepreneur? Challenges to Refugee Self-reliance in Berlin, Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Embiricos
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Entrepreneurial Success ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Social ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers

Abstract The years following the so-called ‘refugee crisis’ of 2015 saw unprecedented efforts to promote the social and economic inclusion of refugees and asylum seekers. Entrepreneurship has been praised as a promising route to refugee self-reliance, but its viability remains contested and under-researched in developed economies such as Germany. Limited literature on the topic suggests entrepreneurship is a useful route to self-sufficiency, although refugees face more barriers than other immigrant entrepreneurs, such as language barriers and bureaucratic processes. This article uses semi-structured interviews with refugee entrepreneurs, civil society, social enterprises and the public sector to identify the main challenges for refugee entrepreneurs and to examine whether entrepreneurship is effective for achieving self-reliance in one of the most important centres for creating innovative projects supporting refugee inclusion and entrepreneurship, namely Berlin. Though it is too early to demonstrate whether entrepreneurship has long-term economic gains, this research shows that entrepreneurship is not a ‘fast track’ to economic self-reliance, but has several benefits for social inclusion. It also demonstrates the importance of holistic support systems for refugee entrepreneurs and the difficulty of refugee entrepreneurial success even in the most developed economies.

scholarly journals Lay Explanation of Poverty During the Pandemic in Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Eszter Siposne Nandori
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Systematic Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
Consensus Theory ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Type ◽  
High Support ◽  
Systematic Data Collection

The paper analyzes perceived causes of poverty in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County, Hungary, one of the most disadvantaged areas of the country. Data collection was carried out in the second half of 2020 using consensus theory and the methods of systematic data collection. The aim of the research is to discover whether support for explanations which blame structural conditions is dominant in the public perception of poverty during the pandemic. From the research discussed it is clear that structural conditions are not dominant and that the poor are often seen as being themselves responsible for their unfavourable situation. The COVID-19 pandemic is not associated with a high support for the social type of lay explanations.

scholarly journals Sociology of Poverty and Sociological Assessment of the Poverty Alleviation Program

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
A. Ya. Bolshunov ◽  
A. G. Tyuriko
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Boundaries ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Subsistence Minimum ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Social Topology

Officially, the poverty line in Russia is tied to the subsistence minimum but from the sociological point of view, its linkage to the subsistence minimum is arbitrary. The subject of the research is social boundaries, social space of poverty. The purpose of the research was to formulate the principles of an approach to overcoming poverty as a social phenomenon. The paper attempts to outline the social space of poverty as an attribute (stigma) by which a person is placed in a specific exclusion space that forms the specific ethos of poverty and the poor man’s habitus preventing any attempts to climb out of poverty. Belonging to this space institutionalizes the poor as a “kind of people”, which is reflected in specific mechanisms of referencing and self-referencing of poverty expressed in the life-purpose deficits. “Combating poverty” implies the creation of participation institutions through which relations and processes of social differentiation, social participation and reference are withdrawn from the dictate of economic factors. It is concluded that the poverty alleviation program should take into account the social limology of poverty and include the development of participation practices and institutions that exclude the stigmatization of poverty and the transformation of the poor into the “kind of people”. Such institutions should provide the poor with ample opportunities to participate in the formation of elites (professional, intellectual, and political). It is particularly important that children, teenagers and young people have access to such practices and institutions because each generation produces and reproduces the “social topology” in which poverty forms a specific “exclusion space”.

The Politics of Poverty

Social Change ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-240
Author(s):  
Digvijay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Poverty Levels

The reduction in the official poverty rate seen in relation with increasing morbidity status, a mammoth income gap between the rich and the poor, ambiguous methodology followed to calculate Below Poverty Line Census and government policies on poverty reduction tends to question the whole poverty line debate. The official commitment to higher economic growth may reflect booming economic growth but it also has led to a large gap between the rich and the poor in both regional and social dimensions. To look into the causes and ameliorate poverty levels, various committees and policies have identified poverty levels. Using different criteria and methods, they still have failed to look at the social and political aspects. It is politics that has engulfed the whole discourse over universalisation of social welfare policies as some sort of justification behind the nation’s fiscal deficit and subsidy constraint-related questions.

The Poverty Line and the Value of Public Rental Housing Subsidies to the Poor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Chim Richard Wong
Keyword(s):  
Rental Housing ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Poor People ◽  
The Public ◽  
Housing Subsidies ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Public Rental Housing ◽  
The Government ◽  
Ownership Rights ◽  
Sixtieth Anniversary

There is one very simple and costless way to alleviate poverty in one fell swoop. All one has to do is to transfer full private ownership rights of the public housing units to the occupying tenant free of charge. . … This would, according to the government study, lift 600,000 households in public rental housing above the poverty line. This would have been the best Christmas gift the Poverty Commission could bestow on the poor people in Hong Kong on the eve of the sixtieth anniversary of the Shek Kip Mei Fire.

scholarly journals A tale of two Sister-Principals: Mother Mary Edward (Catherine) McKinley, Sisters of Providence of St Vincent de Paul (Kingston, ON) and Mother Mary of Providence (Catherine) Horan, Sisters of Providence of Holyoke, MA

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 119-132
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Women Leaders ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
The Public ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Congregational Leaders ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social

This paper analyzes the career of two Sister-Principals who began their religious life in the same congregation: Mother Mary Edward (Catherine) McKinley and Mother Mary of Providence (Catherine) Horan. Depending on whose version of history you read, these women were rival religious or virtuous sisters in habit. Drawing on archival sources and their own writings, the paper analyzes the perceptions, in their own words, of the experiences Mother Mary Edward McKinley and Mother Mary of Providence Horan as Sister-Principals. It also provides an assessment of the historical significance of their careers as case studies of Sister-Principals. The careers of the two Sister-Principals reveal much: both members of the Sisters of Providence of Vincent de Paul (Kingston), both committed to the social welfare of the poor, both forced unwillingly to be Sister-Principals; both elected as congregational leaders; both memorialized in the public domain as powerful women leaders.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Poverty Studies in India with Special Reference to Economic Reforms

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4II) ◽  
pp. 1081-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basanta K. Pradhan ◽  
M. R. Saluja
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
The People ◽  
Poverty Lines ◽  
Basic Minimum

As it is well-known, the study of poverty is extremely important on moral and philosophical and also, political grounds. Further, evidences are available to show that poverty affects growth adversely. We, therefore, have made an attempt to review some of the important studies on poverty in India. The concept of poverty relates to socially perceived deprivation with respect to basic minimum needs. In the Indian context, poverty is measured in terms of a specified normative poverty line reflecting the minimum living standard of the people. Defining a poverty line is, therefore, the first step in estimating poverty. According to the Expert Group (1993), a poverty line, dividing the poor from the non-poor, is used by putting a price on the minimum required consumption levels of food, clothing, shelter, fuel and health care, etc. In equal practice however, the poverty lines are normative only in terms of calorie requirements of the diet.

Investigation of Robin Hood Tax in Financial Crisis Periods and Analysis of Social State Policy in Taxation

2019 ◽  
pp. 92-103
Author(s):  
Doğan Bozdoğan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Sector ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Social State ◽  
Robin Hood ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Usage Area

Taxes cannot be denied in order to prevent financial crises and economic crises. In times of crisis, it is sometimes possible to intervene in these periods by decreasing the existing tax rates and sometimes by applying new taxes. The Robin Hood tax is based on the idea of giving it to the poor. According to this idea, the financial sector will be taxed in times of crisis and the tax burden that countries have to bear will be reduced. Moreover, the important point here is related to the usage area of the income derived from taxation of the financial sector. These taxes will be transferred directly to the public (i.e., to the people who suffer from the crisis). Thus, the idea of transferring from the rich to the poor will take place. In this chapter, the applicability of Robin Hood tax will be determined by considering the main features of the tax, and the tax will be examined before the social state principle. In this direction, the superior aspects of the said tax will be determined, and some suggestions will be made.

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