PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN KALIUM NITRAT DALAM LARUTAN HARA PADA MEDIA KASCING TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SELADA (Lactuca sativa L.)

This research was conducted with the aim to find out the effect of the addition of potassium nitrate in lettuce as a medium and critical level of concentration(electrical conductivity)of nutrient solution. Research is organized in the form of a pot experiment. The experimental design used was Complete RandomizedBlock Design (CRBD)) with three replications. The treatment consists of 12 levels of concentrations or nutrient solution electrical conductivity with the addition of potassium nitrate to lettuce plant. The treatment level of concentrations (conductivity) of nutrient is as follows; L0 = 0.00; L1 = 1.25; L2 = 2.50; L3 = 3.75; L4 = 5.00; L5 = 6.25; L6 = 7.50; L7 = 8.75; L8 = 10.00; L9 = 11.25; L10 = 12.50 and L1 = 13, 75 g 100 L-1 water. Value concentrations of electrical conductivity each nutrient solution concentrations are: L0 = 0.06; L1 = 0.26; L2 = 0.46; L3 = 0.66; L4 = 0.86; L5 = 1.06; L6 = 1.26; L7 = 1,46; L8 = 1.66; L9 = 1,86; L10 = 2.06 and L1 = 2.26. dS m-1. The result of the experiment showed that addition of KNO3 highly significant effect on the increase in fresh weight and dry weight of shoot per plant. Fresh weight and oven-dry weight of shoot per plant was significantly increased in a quadratic with increasing concentrations of KNO3are optimum for growth of plant shoot weight were at 12.23 g in 100/of water on electrical conductivity equivalent to 2.01 dS.m-1. The addition of concentration of KNO3to nutrient solution does not affect on N and other nutrient solution on shoot tissue of lettuce plant but the concentrations of P and K in plant shoot tissue were significantly increased linearly with the provision of KNO3.

Download Full-text

Effect of Root Substrates and Nutrient Solution Electrical Conductivity on Tomato Transplant Characteristics

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.41.4.982a ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 982A-982

Author(s):

Paolo Sambo ◽

Franco Sannazzaro ◽

Michael Evans

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Hypocotyl Length ◽

Rice Hulls ◽

Main Plot ◽

Shoot Weight

In order to evaluate alternative rooting media as a substitute to sphagnum peat in tomato transplant, fresh rice hulls (2 and 4 mm particle size), perlite, and peat were compared. In the same experiment, four nutrient solutions differing in electrical conductivity [(EC) 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 6.0 mS/cm], but not in nutrient content, were used. Seed of tomato (Lycopersium esculentum L.) `Brigade' (ASGROW) were sown in 55 × 35 × 6.5 cm polystyrene transplant trays containing 336 cells (15 mL) and filled with the root substrates. The trays were placed in a glass-glazed greenhouse. Trays were kept under intermittent mist for 6 days and then fertilized twice per week with 2.6 L per tray of solution. A split-plot design with three replications was used with nutrient solution serving as the main plot and root substrates serving as the subplots. During the growing cycle (once a week) and when plants were ready to transplant (16 cm tall, with an average of five to seven true leaves), stem diameter, hypocotyl length, plant height, number of true leaves, fresh shoot weight, and dry shoot weight were measured. Also at transplant, root fresh and dry weight and above- and below-ground biomass were analyzed to determine N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn content. Plants grown in rice hulls were as marketable as those in peat, but showed a higher content in N, K, and Mn. Increased nutrient solution affected not only dry matter accumulation, but also stem diameter and plant hight, which were greater in plants grown with high EC.

Download Full-text

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Kalian Nitrat pada Media Vermikompos Terhadap Kandungan Hara Trubus Selada (Lactuca Sativa L.)

Agrotek ◽

10.30862/agt.v2i6.532 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

Author(s):

H. J. Namserna

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Lactuca Sativa ◽

Potassium Nitrate ◽

Pot Experiment ◽

Lactuca Sativa L ◽

Shoot Tissue

The content of nitrogen and potassium in vermicompost generally low, i.e. less than two percent, so that still require the addition of another source to meet crop requirement.� Potassium nitrate to form the ions K+ and NO3?� after disolved in water so as to be readily available to plants.� The study aims to determine the effect of the addition of potassium nitrate in vermicompost medium to the concentration of nutrients in the shoot of lettuce.� Research conducted in the form of pot experiment.� The treatment consists of 12 levels of concentration or nutrient solution electrical conductivity with the addition of potassium nitrate.� The results of experiment indicated that the concentrations of P and K in plant shoot tissue were significantly increased linearly with the provision of KNO3.� The concentration N, Ca, Mg, S, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Al and B in shoot tissue of plants is not affected KNO3.

Download Full-text

Physiological quality of osmoprimed gherkin seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/s2317-15372013000300014 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 368-373 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rodrigo de Góes Esperon Reis ◽

Humberto Pereira da Silva ◽

José Maria Gomes Neves ◽

Renato Mendes Guimarães

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Potassium Nitrate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Initial Profile ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Osmotic Potentials

It was aimed to verify the effect of different methodologies of osmopriming on physiological quality of gherkin seeds. Prior, it has been characterized the initial profile of the gherkin seeds. Then, the seeds were osmoprimed in gerboxes containing two blotter papers wetted with osmotic solutions in a volume equal to three times the paper dry weight and kept in BOD at 15 °C. After the priming, the seeds were dried at room temperature for 48 hours. Then, the following variables were evaluated: seeds moisture content, percentage of germination, percentage of emergence, emergence speed index and electrical conductivity. The analyses of variances were realized according to a randomized design in a factorial scheme 3 x 2 x 4: three solutes (polyetilene glycol 6000 - PEG, potassium nitrate - KNO3 and PEG + KNO3), two osmotic potentials (-0.55 and -1.10 MPa) and four times of priming (24, 48, 72 and 96 hours), followed by analyses of regression. It is concluded that the priming has no effect on germination and affects positively the vigor of the gherkin seeds lots; osmopriming with potassium nitrate is effective in improving the physiological quality of gherkin seeds lot.

Download Full-text

NUTRITION IN THE PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF SEEDLINGS OF THE BRAZIL NUT (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) IN NORTHERN BRAZIL

Revista Brasileira de Agropecuária Sustentável ◽

10.21206/rbas.v9i3.6255 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Aline das Graças Souza ◽

Oscar josé Smiderle

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Solution ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Production Costs ◽

Brazil Nut ◽

Bertholletia Excelsa ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Northern Brazil ◽

Total Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Weight

The Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) is fast-growing, and can be used in reforestation. However, the use of the species in reforestation is still uncommon, mainly due to production costs, with substrate and fertiliser being the most-costly components. Based on the above, the aim of this study was to evaluate growth and quality in seedlings of the Brazil nut both with and without nutrient solution. The experimental design was completely randomised in a 2 x 10 factorial scheme: treatments with and without the addition of nutrient solution and 10 evaluations at intervals of 45 days. The variables to be analysed were height, stem diameter, dry shoot weight, root dry weight, total dry weight and the Dickson quality index. When analysing shoot dry weight (SDW), a gain of 85% was found from adding the nutrient solution, compared to the absence of nutrient solution, whereas for the variable, root-system dry weight, (RDW) the gain was 43%. The addition of nutrient solution is suggested for accelerating the growth and development of high-quality seedlings of Bertholletia excelsa for commercial use.

Download Full-text

Potassium Affects Sodium Content in Tomato Plants Grown in Hydroponic Cultivation under Saline-sodic Stress

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.35.7.1220 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 35 (7) ◽

pp. 1220-1222 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

L. Botrini ◽

A. Graifenberg ◽

M. Lipucci di Paola

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽

High Salinity ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Sodium Content ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Hydroponic Cultivation ◽

Tomato Cultivars ◽

Na Uptake

The tomato cultivars Edkawi and UC 82B (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were grown hydroponically in a solution [electrical conductivity (EC) 2.4 dS·m-1] containing 150 mm Na (EC 11.4 dS·m-1), 37 mm of K (EC 14.1 dS·m-1), or 75 mm of K (EC 19.7 dS·m-1). The leaf Na content of `Edkawi' and `UC 82B' reached values of 1717 and 2022 mmol·kg-1 dry weight at EC 19.7 dS·m-1, respectively. The high levels of K in the hydroponic solution reduced the Na concentration in the roots, petioles, and stems, but not in the leaves. Potassium concentrations in the petioles of `Edkawi' and `UC 82 B' reached values of 2655 and 2966 mmol·kg-1 dry weight, respectively. At these elevated ECs, the Ca concentrations in the leaves of `Edkawi' and `UC 82B' were 30% and 40% lower than in the control, respectively. The elevated rates of K improved the fruit: flower ratio of `UC 82B', but the high salinity of the solution reduced yields significantly. Plant fresh weight and root dry weight of `UC 82B' were most affected by high EC levels. The elevated levels of K used in this study did not increase yield, but K ions can adjust to Na uptake.

Download Full-text

Competitive and Allelopathic Effects of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500040789 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 372-377 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Stephen M. Irons ◽

Orvin C. Burnside

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Sorghum Bicolor ◽

Helianthus Annuus ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Root Exudates ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Allelopathic Effects

In the field, soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Amsoy 71′] required 4 to 6 weeks free of sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) competition for maximum yield. Competition studies suggested that more than one type of interference was involved when sunflowers grew with soybeans. In greenhouse studies, soybean height, fresh weight, and dry weight were significantly reduced at certain sunflower and soybean densities and levels of competition. Sunflower height was not reduced by any level of competition, but sunflower fresh and dry weights were reduced with high sunflower and soybean populations. Two percent (w/w) or greater amounts of ground, mature sunflower leaves mixed into the soil reduced emergence and growth of soybeans, sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench ‘G-625 GBR′], and sunflower. A mixture of powdered stems and branches of sunflower also reduced growth of the three species, although it was not as phytotoxic as ground leaves. Sunflower roots apparently released exudates into the nutrient solution and soil. Sunflower root exudates inhibited sunflower emergence, and reduced sorghum, soybean, and sunflower height, fresh weight, and dry weight.

Download Full-text

Effect of N:K Ratio and Electrical Conductivity of Nutrient Solution on Growth and Yield of Hydroponically Grown Golden Thistle (Scolymus hispanicus L.)

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2019030087 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 87

Author(s):

Dimitrios Papadimitriou ◽

Emmanouil Kontaxakis ◽

Ioannis Daliakopoulos ◽

Thrassyvoulos Manios ◽

Dimitrios Savvas

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Chlorophyll Concentration ◽

Tuberous Root ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Natural Habitats ◽

High Quality ◽

Hydroponic Cultivation

As the demand for high-quality wild greens rises, due to their high nutritional, culinary, and medicinal properties, the potential overexploitation and excessive disruption of their natural habitats bring serious environmental problems to the foreground. However, new alternative cultivation techniques, such as hydroponic cultivation, could take advantage of rational water management, optimal fertilization management and climate adaptation, to produce high-quality wild greens, all year round. As an initial step to assess optimal hydroponic cultivation conditions for golden thistle (Scolymus hispanicus L.), in this study we evaluated the effect of N:K ratio and electrical conductivity (EC) in the supplied nutrient solution on plant growth, yield and phenology. Four nutrient solutions were applied with a low or a high N:K ratio (1.59 or 2.38 mol/mol, respectively) combined with a low or a high electrical conductivity (EC) level (2.2 and 2.8 dS m−1, respectively) in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment set as a completely randomized block design with 4 blocks and 48 plants per block. Golden thistle seedlings were planted in plastic growth-bags of hydroponic perlite substrate in an open, drip-irrigated, soilless cultivation system. The experiment commenced in December 2018, in a plastic greenhouse at the campus of the Hellenic Mediterranean University, Crete, Greece. After four months of cultivation, the post-harvest analysis showed that the high N:K ratio significantly increased the fresh weight of leaf and edible tuberous root, whereas the tested EC levels in the nutrient solution had no impact on plant fresh weight. The experimental treatments did not significantly affect leaf chlorophyll concentration (SPAD meter readings), chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) or the number of leaves and the specific weight of the tuberous root of the plants. Our results indicate that wild golden thistle could be domesticated as an edible vegetable, and cultivated hydroponically at different seasons of the year using relatively low nutrient concentrations, thereby minimizing aquifer nitrate and phosphate pollution. A nutrient solution with a relatively high N:K ratio (here 2.38 mol/mol) is recommended for the hydroponic cultivation of golden thistle.

Download Full-text

POTTED GERANIUM (PELARGONIUM × HORTORUM) GROWTH WITH LEACHING FRACTIONS OF O to 0.4

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1104a ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1104a-1104

Author(s):

Catherine S.M. Ku ◽

David R. Hershey

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Medium Ph ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Top Dry Weight ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Geranium `Yours Truly' in 15-cm diameter plastic pots were greenhouse-grown as single pinched plants in a completely randomized design. Plants were irrigated with 300 mg/liter N from 20N-4.4P-16.6K with leaching fractions (LF) of 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4. There were 24 irrigations during the 8-week study. Plants with LF of 0.2 and 0.4 had 46% greater leaf area, 40% greater top fresh weight, and 37% greater top dry weight than plants with LF of 0 and 0.1. By week 5 the leachate electrical conductivity (EC) for LF of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 had increased from about 3 dS/m initially to 12, 8, and 4 dS/m, respectively. At harvest, medium ECe was 7, 4, 3, and 2 dS/m for LF of 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4, respectively. At harvest, medium pH was the same in the top, middle, and bottom thirds of the pot. At harvest medium ECe with LF of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 was 47, 68, and 60% lower in the bottom two-thirds of the pot than in the top third. With a LF of 0 the medium ECe was not lower in the bottom of the pot. Minimizing the LF for potted geraniums substantially reduced plant growth.

Download Full-text

Evaluasi variasi nilai electrical conductivity terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman selada (Lactuca sativa L.) pada sistem hidroponik NFT

Jurnal Agro ◽

10.15575/2966 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 95-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Budy Frasetya ◽

Ahmad Taofik ◽

Riki K. Firdaus

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Lettuce Plant ◽

Higher Plant ◽

Visual Appearance ◽

Fresh Vegetable ◽

Lactuca Sativa L ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Quality Product ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Tanaman selada di Indonesia umumnya dikonsumsi dalam bentuk segar. Evaluasi pengaturan nilai electrical conductivity (EC) sesuai umur tanaman selada diperlukan sebagai upaya menjaga kualitas produk (berat segar, tampilan visual) dan meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan nutrisi. Penelitian ini dilakasanakan pada September-Oktober 2017 bertempat di Kecamatan Banjaran. Percobaan yang dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap terdiri dari 4 taraf dan diulang 6 kali. Perlakuan yang diberikan merupakan kombinasi nilai EC fase vegetatif awal (VI) dan fase vegetatif akhir (VII) perlakuan A=(VI = 1,5; VII = 2,0); B=(VI = 1,6; VII = 2,2);C=(VI = 1,7; VII = 2,4);D=(VI = 1,8; VII = 2,6) mS cm-1. Aplikasi nilai EC (VI = 1,7; VII = 2,4) mS cm-1 memberikan pertumbuhan tertinggi (tinggi tanaman, luas daun, bobot segar tanaman). Berdasarkan hasil berat segar tanaman pengaturan nilai EC dapat meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan nutrisi hidroponik. Lettuce is commonly consuming as a fresh vegetable in Indonesia. The evaluation of electrical conductivity adjustment by lettuce plant age is an effort to achieve quality product (fresh weight, visual appearance) and improve nutrient efficiency. This research conducted in September-October 2017 at Banjaran District. This experiment used a completely randomized design with 4 level treatments and replicated six times. Application of combination EC value phase vegetative I and vegetative II, respectively: A=(VI = 1.5; VII = 2.0); B=(VI = 1.6; VII = 2.2);C=(VI = 1.7; VII = 2.4);D=(VI = 1.8; VII = 2.6) mS cm-1. This research showed that application nutrient with EC value (VI = 1.7; VII = 2.4) mS cm-1 affect plant growth higher (plant height, leaf area, fresh weight). Based on the results of the plant’s fresh weight parameter EC value improved the efficiency of using hydroponic nutrient.

Download Full-text

Effects of Various Nitrate: Ammonium Ratios on Sweetpotato Growth

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.4.768f ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 768F-768

Author(s):

P.P. David ◽

A.A. Trotman ◽

D.G. Mortley ◽

D. Douglas ◽

J. Seminara

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Solution ◽

Control Method ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growing Season ◽

Ph Control ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Root Production ◽

Storage Root ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Storage Roots

A study was initiated in the greenhouse to examine the effects of five \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}:\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) \end{document} ratios on sweetpotato growth. Plants were grown from vine cuttings of 15-cm length, planted in 0.15 x 0.15 x 1.2-m growth channels using a closed nutrient film technique system. Nutrient was supplied in a modified half-strength Hoagland's solution with a 1:2:4 N:K ratio. \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}:\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) \end{document} ratios investigated were 100:0, 0:100, 40:60, 60:40, and a control that consisted of a modified half-Hoagland solution with an N:K ratio of 1:2:4 and an \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}:\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) \end{document} of 1:7. Treatments were initiated 30 days after planting (DAP). Sequential plant harvest began 30 DAP and continued at 30-day intervals until final harvest at 150 DAP. Results showed a linear increase in fresh storage root fresh weight until 90 DAP for all treatments. However, from 60 DAP until the end of the growing season, plants grown in a 100% \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}\) \end{document} solution consistently produced significantly less storage roots than in all other treatments. While all other treatments showed a decrease in storage root fresh weight after 90 DAP, plants grown in 100% \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) \end{document} and the control solution continued to increase linearly in storage root production. Storage root dry weight throughout the growing season followed similar trends to that of storage root fresh weight. Data suggest that a nutrient solution containing NO–3as its sole nitrogen source may be adequate for sweetpotato growth. This would make it possible for utilizing a one-way pH control method for nutrient solution.

Download Full-text