FUNDAMENTAL AUTARCHICAL SCREENING AND MICROBES EXERTION OF GERMANE SYLVESTRE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johns H. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agar Plate ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Dissemination Strategy ◽  
Chemical Laboratory ◽  
Microbial Strains

The current investigation was done to assess the autarchical and antimicrobes action of Germane sylvestre against ten microbial strains causing oral contaminations. The subjective autarchical examinations were completed after the Ukn pharmacopeia and the techniques. The MIC estimations of the plant extricates were resolved against the chose test life forms utilizing the techniques as depicted by National Committee for Chemical Laboratory Standard and the in vitro antimicrobes movement was controlled by utilizing the agar plate dissemination strategy. The autarchical investigation completed uncovered the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins and tri terpenoids in this restorative plant. The antimicrobes movement of five distinct concentrates of therapeutic plants were assessed utilizing admirably dissemination technique against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella typhi, Chromobacterium violaceum, Burkolderia mallei and Candida albicans separately. The chloroform concentrates of this plant shown best antimicrobes movement against chose organisms. The outcomes give defense to the utilization of the restorative plants to treat different oral contaminations.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA YOGURT BERBASIS AIR KELAPA MENGHAMBAT BAKTERI PATOGEN SECARA IN VITRO

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindawati S. A. ◽  
Haniyah Y. S. ◽  
Miwada I N. S. ◽  
Inggriati N. W. T. ◽  
Hartawan M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Total Plate Count

Yogurt merupakan minuman susu yang difermentasi dengan menggunakan bakteri asam laktat Lactobacillus bulgaricus dan Streptococcus thermophyllus sebagai starter. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kemampuan tertinggi dari yogurt berbasis air kelapa dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri pathogen (Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Klebsiela pneumonia dan E.coli) secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Keempat perlakuan tersebut: Ko: susu skim 12%+air; K1: susu skim 12%+air kelapa gading; K2: susu skim 12%+kelapa gading bulan; K3: susu skim 12%+air kelapa hijau. Peubah yang diamati adalah aktivitas antimikroba yogurt terhadap bakteri pathogen (Salmonellatyphi, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella pneumonia dan E.coli), total plate count (TPC), total bakteri asam laktat dan E,coli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antimikroba tertinggi diperoleh pada yogurt berbasis air kelapa bulan terhadap bakeri Salmonella typhi dan Staphylococcus masing-masing sebesar 0,21 dan 0,26 cm dengan total bakteri asam laktat1,1×107 cfu/mL sedangkan untuk Klebsiella pneumonia dan E.coli diperoleh pada yogurt berbasis air kelapa gading sebesar 0,38 dan 0,64 mm dengan total bakteri asam laktat 3,1×106 cfu/mL.Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa yogurt berbasis air kelapa gading, bulan, hijau dan tanpa air kelapa memiliki aktivitas antimikroba berspektrum luas (menghambat bakteri gram positif dan negatif).

scholarly journals In Vitro Assessment of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Chitosan from Scylla serrata Against the Human Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeetha B ◽  
Indra V ◽  
Abdul Rahim M ◽  
Venkadachalam E
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Crab Shell ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Chitosan, a polysaccharide derivative of chitin forms the structural components in the exoskeletons of crustacean animals and is also found in the cell walls of fungi. Chitosan is produced primarily from the crab shell waste through chemical means. The chemical structure of chitosan has been identified and characterized by FT-IR and XRD. In the current study, the antimicrobial activity of chemically deacetylated chitosan extracts of mud crabs (Scylla serrata) was evaluated against five human pathogenic isolates viz. Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using agar disc diffusion method. These were performed to determine the crystallinity and functional properties of chitosan. The results showed that the antibacterial effect increased with increasing chitosan concentration. This study showed that chitosan isolated from crab shell has potential antibacterial activity therefore it can be utilized in the food and pharmaceutical industries, and that antibacterial activity may be due to functional groups present in the crab shell.

scholarly journals In vitro Antimicrobial Potency of Lemon Fruit (Citrus limon) Extract on Salmonella typhi

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Farhan Haidar Fazlur Rahman ◽  
Lindawati Alimsardjono ◽  
Sunarni Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Agar Plate ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Lemon Fruit ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Antibacterial Spectrum ◽  
Mueller Hinton Broth

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of lemon fruit (Citrus limon) extract in inhibiting Salmonella typhi growth in vitro.Methods: This research was categorized as a laboratory experimental study. Lemon fruit (Citrus limon) extract was prepared with concentration as follows: 100.000 ppm, 50.000 ppm, 25.000 ppm, 12.500 ppm, 6.250 ppm, 3.125 ppm, 1.562 ppm, 781 ppm, and 390 ppm. Dilution tests with Mueller-Hinton broth medium were performed to determine the MIC. After 24 hours of incubation, isolated Salmonella typhi inside the tube was inoculated back in MacConkey agar plate medium to determine the MBC. Replications were conducted 3 times according to Federer’s formula.Results: MIC of lemon fruit (Citrus limon) extract to Salmonella typhi was determined at 3.125 ppm. Meanwhile, MBC was determined at 6.250 ppm.Conclusion: This study showed the potential antimicrobial effect of lemon fruit (Citrus limon) extract against Salmonella typhi in-vitro. Further studies are still needed to determine its efficacy and safety in vivo and also its full antibacterial spectrum. 

scholarly journals Estimation of Alkaloids and Antibacterial Activity of Aconitum spicatum Bruhl Stapf from Manaslu Conservation Area

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Sajan L Shyaula ◽  
Ash B Ngakushi ◽  
Bijaya L Maharjan ◽  
Mangala D Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
National Priority ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes ◽  
The Government ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Assay ◽  
Diffusion Assay

Aconitum spicatum is one of the deadly poisonous and highly valued medicinal plant. It is a national prioritized herb among 30 national priority herbs listed by the government of Nepal for their development, research and cultivation. The acute toxicity of the extract of this plant appeared to be directly related to the alkaloid content. The amount of total alkaloid of A. spicatum collected from Manaslu conservation area was calculated to be 1.7% by spectrophotometric method based on Dragendorff’s reagent. In-vitro evaluation of the crude extract of plant rhizomes using agar well diffusion assay against eight bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Schigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Salmonella typhimurium and Klebsiella pneumonia, displayed potential antibacterial activity. The diethyl ether fraction was the most effective against all pathogenic microbes with minimum bacterial concentration value 3.125-6.25 mg/ml. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 13, No. 1 (2012) 67-71 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v13i1.7443

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of New Derivatives of Angular Polycyclic Phenoxazine Ring System

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1320-1326
Author(s):  
Mercy Amarachukwu Ezeokonkwo ◽  
Kingsley Chizoba Iloka ◽  
Uchechukwu Chris Okoro ◽  
Efeturi Abreham Onoabedje ◽  
Benjamin Ebere Ezema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Ring System ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumonia ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Derivatives Of

Synthesis of angular polycyclic phenoxazine derivatives incorporating different phenols is reported in 30-99% yields. O-arylation of 6-chlorodibenzo[a,j] phenoxazin-5-one with a variety of electron-deficient, electron-neutral and electron-rich phenols under the catalytic palladium (II) acetate/t-BuXphos system furnished the compounds of interest. The highest yields were obtained when the intermediate was coupled with electron-rich phenols. IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and Mass spectra data, confirmed the structures of all the synthesized compounds. Study on the in vitro biological evaluation of the compounds against microorganisms revealed that they are potent antibacterial and antifungal agents, as they showed significant biological activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginasa, Basillus substilis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Analysis of Fadogia andersonii Robyn Plant Extrac

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
J. Nzeako ◽  
G.I. Ndukwe ◽  
J.D. Habila ◽  
E.A. Oluwabukola ◽  
I. Owoicho
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
The Family

Medicinal plants extracts are now generally considered as effective medicines that play a major role in modern pharmacy. The plant Fadogia andersonii belonging to the Family Rubiaceae, which is used in ethno-medicine was studied. Preliminary phytochemical analyses of the whole plant revealed the presence of the following metabolites: Saponins, terpenes, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides and carbohydrates. Anthraquinones was found to be absent. Antimicrobial screening of the methanol plant’s extract carried out (in vitro) on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida albican and Aspergillus flavus showed that the extract has activity on the tested microorganisms. However, it showed no inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli. The extract was found to inhibit the growth of S. aureus, B. cereus, S. pyogenes and C. albican at 25mg/ml with a corresponding MBC at 50mg/ml. S.typhi and S. pneumonia were inhibited at 50mg/ml with a corresponding MBC at 100mg/ml. It also inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia and A. flavus at 100mg/ml with a corresponding MBC at 200mg/ml. The observed antimicrobial effects were believed to be due to the presence of active principles which were detected in the phytochemical screening. Keywords: Phytochemicals, Antimicrobials, Fadogia andersonii Robyn

scholarly journals Studies on the Antibacterial Profile of Brysocarpus coccineus and Zanthoxylum piperitum

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ezeh, Chukwuemeka C. ◽  
Dibua, Uju M. ◽  
Ndefor, Joseph C. ◽  
Udoye, C. C.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Zanthoxylum Piperitum ◽  
Microbial Strains

The present study aims to evaluate the antibacterial profile of Brysocarpus coccineus and Zanthoxylum piperitum in Nigeria. The antibacterial efficacy of methanolic leaf extracts of Brysocarpus coccineus and Zanthoxylum piperitum was determined against six clinical isolates and three typed cultures respectively. The percentage yield of the extracts was calculated, and it showed 5.6% for Brysocarpus coccineus and 4% for Zanthoxylum piperitum. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the two extracts showed the presence of saponins, steroids, glycosides, flavonoids and resin. The extracts effectively inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis at different concentrations. The extract of B. coccineus inhibited S. aureus, K. pneumonia and P. aeruginosa at different concentration, while that of Z. piperitum inhibited S. aureus and P. aeruginosa at different concentration. B. coccineus extract had its MIC at 6.25 mg/ml against clinical isolate of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Z. piperitum methanolic extract had its MIC at 6.25 mg/ml against clinical isolate Bacillus subtilis. All the plants extract had no activity against Salmonella typhi, and B. coccineus had no activity against Klebsiella pneumonia. The results of statistical analysis (ANOVA) of the B. coccineus showed that F-cal. is greater than F-tab. This means there is a significant difference in the activity of the extract, while that of Z. piperitum showed that F-cal is less than F-tab. meaning there is no significant difference in the activity of the extract. This reveals the importance of leaf extracts of B. coccineus and Z. piperitum in the control of resistant microbial strains.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Wild Honey In Inhibiting The Growth of Bacterium on The Positive Widal Blood Culture of Enterobacteriaceae Familia

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
Sri Darmawati ◽  
Eko Naning Sofyanita ◽  
Sri Sinto Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Esherichia Coli ◽  
Inhibition Potency

Honey is a product produced by bees which is believed has many benefits in the medical field. Wild honeys are more natural than livestock honey, and it has high antimicroba activities, but the effect of the antimicroba towards the bacteria on the positive widal blood culture of Enterobacteriaceae familia member was not clear yet. This research was to find out The effectiveness of wild honey in inhibiting the growth of bacteria on the positive widal blood culture of Enterobacteriaceae familia member. Method in this research was an experimental research which was using combination of diffusion and draw well method using Klebsiella pneumonia, Esherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Serratia marcescens, and Enterobacter cloacae bacteria sample. Wild honey as a test solution with a 25%, 40%, 55%, 70%, 85% and 100% concentrate. The result is that wild honey is effective to inhibit the growth of the Enterobacteriaceae bacteria familia, the inhibition zone which is performed on the 70% Nutrien Agar Plate (NAP) concentrate medium is a minimal concentrate that sensitive to all bacteria with the  inhibition zone similar to Kloramfinekol antibiotics. S. typhi is sensitive to all wild honey concentrate within 26,5mm, 29mm, 31,5mm, 32mm, 35mm, and 38mm inhibition zone. Wild honey on E.coli and Serratia marescens is sensitive in all concentrate except on the 25% concentrate. On the Klebsiella pneumonia the wild honey is sensitive on the 70%, 85%, and 100% concentrate while on the Enterobacter cloacae the wild honey is sensitive on 55%, 70%, 85% and 100% concentrate. Conclusion : wild honey is effective to inhibit bacteria growth on the positive widal blood culture of Enterobacteriaceae familia member and there are effect of various wild honey concentrate with the growth of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria which the higher concentrate of the wild honey, the greater inhibition potency towards the bacteria.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL AND CHITINASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITIES OF 7-BENZAMIDOCOUMARINS

2019 ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
NEHA TIWARI ◽  
PRIYANKA ◽  
VINEETA SINGH ◽  
DIKSHA KATIYAR
Keyword(s):  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Strong Inhibitor ◽  
Amide Coupling ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Compound 21

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine in vitro antimicrobial activity of a series of 7-benzamidocoumarin derivatives against three Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus pumilus), three Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Salmonella typhi), and three fungi (Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Aspergillus niger) by 2-fold serial dilution method. Materials and Methods: The compounds were synthesized by amide coupling of 7-amino-4-methyl coumarin 5 and 7-amino-4-chloromethyl coumarin 6 with different aromatic acids 7 (a-h) and heteroaromatic acids 8 (i-j) in the presence of phosphorous trichloride as an acid catalyst in acetonitrile. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial and chitinase inhibitory activity. Results: Compounds 9, 11, 12, 21, and 23 showed good antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 6.25 to 50 μg/mL. Among them, compound 21 was the most active molecule with MIC 6.25 μg/mL against S. aureus and 6.25 μg/mL against, B. pumilus and S. typhi. Compounds 11 and 21 were the most potent antifungal candidates with MIC 6.25–25 μg/mL against C. albicans and C. tropicalis. All the compounds were also evaluated for their chitinase inhibitory property and among them; compound 9 emerged as strong inhibitor of the enzyme. Conclusion: Some of the compounds showed very good antimicrobial activities. Among these, compound 21 showing potent antimicrobial activities against five of the nine microbial strains examined in this study, was the most active compound of the series. Some of the compounds also showed chitinase inhibitory properties. This study also provides a starting point for investigating the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of synthetic 7-benzamidocoumarins.

scholarly journals Screening of Antimicrobial Activity of Siddha drug Kukkiladhi Choornam

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
Marimuthu Revathi ◽  
Murugesan Karthikeyan ◽  
Ashok Gnanasekaran ◽  
Ranjith MS
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Plan: Kukkiladhi choornam is one of the Siddha drugs, which has been indicated for its anti-microbial properties. The aim of the present study was to validate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of Kukkiladhi choornam extract against various microorganisms. Preface: The present study examined the in-vitro screening of antimicrobial activity of Siddha drug Kukkiladhi choornam. Methodology: The extracts were tested for antimicrobial activity using agar well diffusion on solid media. The microorganisms used in the present study include Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Proteus vulgaris, and Candida albicans. Outcome: The study revealed that 50µl extract of Kukkiladhichoornam had significant inhibiting activity against Shigellaflexneri (17mm), Streptococcus pyogenes (17mm) and Candida albicans (18mm).

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