scholarly journals Clinical, Immunological And Molecular-Genetic Characteristic Of Aggressive Pituitary Adenomas

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 88-100
Author(s):  
Khalimova Zamira Yusufovna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
General Population ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Intracranial Tumor ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Genetic Characteristic ◽  
The Third ◽  
Primary Intracranial Tumor

Pituitary adenomas (PA) are monoclonal tumors arising from the cells of the adenohypophysis and represent approximately 10-15% of all intracranial tumors and 90% of the tumors of the sellaturcica. Pituitary adenomas occur in almost 20% of the general population. The estimated annual morbidity of pituitary adenoma is approximately 20 cases per 100,000of population, making it the third most common primary intracranial tumor after gliomas and meningiomas [9].

Ectopic pituitary adenoma of the third ventricle

1990 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Kleinschmidt-DeMasters ◽  
Ken R. Winston ◽  
David Rubinstein ◽  
Mary H. Samuels
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Neurological Examination ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Sphenoid Sinus ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ectopic Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Ectopic pituitary adenomas without associated intrasellar adenomas are rare and are usually located in the sphenoid sinus. Most have been reported without modern radiological, endocrinological, or electron microscopic (EM) documentation. The case of a 47-year-old man with a third ventricular, ectopic, clinically non-secretory pituitary adenoma, which was shown to be a gonadotrophic adenoma by immunohistochemical and EM study, is reported. Neurological examination, extensive neurodiagnostic imaging, surgical anatomical observation, and endocrinological evaluation showed no evidence of neoplasia outside the third ventricle.

scholarly journals How to deal pituitary Adenomas: A Retro prospective Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-02
Author(s):  
Kreiter Gomari
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
General Population ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Intracranial Neoplasms ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pituitary Macroadenomas

Pituitary adenoma (PA) is a benign primary tumor that arises from the pituitary gland and is associated with ophthalmological, neurological and endocrinological abnormalities. However, causes that increase tumor progressing recurrence and invasiveness are still undetermined. Most adenomas are benign, approximately 35% are invasive and just 0.1% to 0.2% are carcinomas.Pituitary adenomas represent from 10% to 25% of all intracranial neoplasms and the estimated prevalence rate in the general population is approximately 17% Non-invasive and non-secreting pituitary adenomas are considered to be benign in the literal as well as the clinical sense; however a recent meta-analysis of available research has shown there are to date scant studies – of poor quality – to either support or refute this assumption. Etiology Adenomas which exceed 10 millimetres (0.39 in) in size are defined as macroadenomas, with those smaller than 10 mm referred to as microadenomas. Most pituitary adenomas are microadenomas, and have an estimated prevalence of 16.7% (14.4% in autopsy studies and 22.5% in radiologic studies). A majority of pituitary microadenomas often remain undiagnosed and those that are diagnosed are often found as an incidental finding, and are referred to as incidentalomas. Pituitary macroadenomas are the most common cause of hypopituitarism, and in the majority of cases they are non-secreting adenomas.While pituitary adenomas are common, affecting approximately one in 6 of the general population, clinically active pituitary adenomas that require surgical treatment are more rare, affecting approximately one in 1000 of the general population.

Complications of Interstitial Radioactive Iodine Implants for Recurrent Pituitary Adenomas

1992 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 306-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary F. Moore ◽  
John Massey ◽  
Anthony J. Yonkers ◽  
Lyal G. Leibrock
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Csf Rhinorrhea ◽  
The Third

Three cases of recurrent pituitary adenoma elected to be treated with I125 implants are presented. The I125 implants caused significant delayed changes in the tissues surrounding the sella tursica which lead to the development of refractory cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. All three cases developed meningitis and two had pneumocephalus. This complication lead to the death of two patients and required intensive therapy in the third to achieve recovery.

Familial acromegaly with pituitary adenoma

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazem Abbassioun ◽  
Vahab Fatourehchi ◽  
Abbass Amirjamshidi ◽  
Nemotallah Aghai Meibodi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Empty Sella ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Familial Incidence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report the cases of three brothers with pituitary adenomas who had classical findings of acromegaly and gigantism. Two had irreducibly elevated growth hormone (GH) values and underwent transsphenoidal microsurgical extirpation of their tumors. The third acromegalic brother had a normal GH value and evidence of panhypopituitarism; he had a small intrasellar tumor and a partially empty sella. The pattern of inheritance was probably autosomal recessive. A review of literature indicated that familial incidence of isolated acromegaly with pituitary adenomas is rare.

Retinoblastoma as a Possible Primary Intracranial Tumor

Neurosurgery ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 706-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Bullitt ◽  
Barbara J. Crain
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Intracranial Tumor ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Retinal Lesion ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Primary Intracranial Tumor ◽  
Genetic Form

Abstract A 10-month-old infant with a small. unilateral, peripheral retinal lesion also had a large. well-encapsulated. suprasellar retinoblastoma. The primary vs. the metastatic nature of the intracranial tumor is considered. It is postulated that primary intracranial tumors may arise within areas of the central nervous system embryologically related to the retina in patients with the genetic form of retinoblastoma.

scholarly journals Somatic IDH1 mutation in a pituitary adenoma of a patient with Maffucci syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 1562-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyu Hao ◽  
Christopher S. Hong ◽  
Jie Feng ◽  
Chunzhang Yang ◽  
Prashant Chittiboina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Somatic Mosaicism ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 ◽  
Maffucci Syndrome ◽  
Suprasellar Region ◽  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 2

Maffucci syndrome is a rare disease characterized by multiple enchondromas and soft-tissue hemangiomas. Additionally, neuroendocrine tumors including pituitary adenomas have been described in these patients. The underlying genetic etiology lies in somatic mosaicism of mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) or isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2). This report describes a patient with Maffucci syndrome who presented with intracranial tumors of the skull base and suprasellar region. The patient underwent resection of both intracranial tumors, revealing histopathological diagnoses of chondrosarcoma and pituitary adenoma. DNA sequencing of the tumors was performed to identify common IDH1/2 mutations. Clinical, radiological, and biochemical assessments were performed. Genotypic studies used standard Sanger sequencing in conjunction with a target-specific peptide nucleic acid to detect IDH1 mutations in tumor tissues. DNA sequencing demonstrated identical IDH1 mutations (c.394C > T) in both tumors. To the authors’ knowledge, this report provides the first genetic evidence for the inclusion of pituitary adenomas among tumors characterizing Maffucci syndrome. In patients who are newly diagnosed with Maffucci syndrome, it is appropriate to monitor for development of pituitary pathology and neuroendocrine dysfunction.

scholarly journals DIFFICULTIES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF LARGE ASYMPTOMATIC PITUITARY ADENOMA, DETECTED DURING DIAGNOSTIC OF THE CENTRAL GYRUS REGION MENINGIOMA

2020 ◽  
pp. 498-503
Author(s):  
A.S. NECHAEVA ◽  
◽  
L.N. MASLOVA ◽  
L.M. TSENTSIPER ◽  
B.I. SAFAROV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Immunohistochemical Study ◽  
Somatostatin Receptor ◽  
Somatostatin Receptors ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Central Gyrus ◽  
Giant Meningioma

Multiple intracranial tumors with different histological types diagnosed in the same patient are rare. The combination of meningiomas and pituitary adenomas in most cases concerns patients who received radiation therapy for pituitary adenomas. In our observation, the giant meningioma of the central gyrus area and large asymptomatic pituitary adenoma were diagnosed. As a result of surgical treatment performed in 2 stages, the total removal of the large pituitary adenoma was not achieved, which raised the question of finding alternative non-surgical methods of patient management. According to the results of an additional immunohistochemical study, the presence of somatostatin receptors 2a (SSTR2a) was revealed both in the pituitary adenoma and in the meningioma, which makes it possible to consider the issue of further treatment of pituitary adenoma with somatostatin receptor agonists and might reduce the risk of relapse and meningioma in the patient. Keywords: Meningioma, pituitary adenoma , multiple intracranial tumors, asymptomatic macroadenoma, somatostatin receptors.

scholarly journals A very rare case of pituitary metastasis infiltrating a non-secretory gonadotroph adenoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Darrat ◽  
Mohammad Binhussein ◽  
Alan Beausang ◽  
Clare Faul ◽  
Michael W O’Reilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽  
List Type ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pituitary Metastases

Pituitary adenomas are the commonest sellar tumours. Pituitary metastases are very rare, with the most common primaries being breast and lung cancers. We report the case of an 83-year-old man with a history of breast carcinoma who presented with recent-onset headaches and progressive deterioration of visual acuity. MRI brain showed a large sellar and suprasellar mass compressing the optic chiasm and involving the pituitary stalk. Transsphenoidal debulking resulted in symptomatic relief and visual recovery. Specimen examination revealed a combination of a gonadotroph pituitary adenoma that was infiltrated by metastatic breast carcinoma. He had no symptoms of diabetes insipidus. He was subsequently treated with pituitary radiotherapy. This is a very rare presentation of a pituitary mass with mixed pathology. To our knowledge, this is the third description of a breast carcinoma metastasis into a gonadotroph cell pituitary adenoma. Highlight points: Infiltrating metastases into pituitary adenomas are very rare but do occur. To our knowledge this is the third case of breast adenocarcinoma metastasising to a gonadotroph pituitary adenoma. Pituitary metastases should always be considered in rapidly evolving pituitary symptoms in a cancer patient. Not all complex pituitary lesions are associated with panhypopituitarism. Early invasive local management (TSS and post TSS radiotherapy) can provide rapid satisfactory outcomes.

The role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of different severity

2016 ◽  
pp. 138-140
Author(s):  
S.I. Zhuk ◽  
◽  
O.A. Taran ◽  
A.N. Koshmienskaya ◽  
T.V. Lobastova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
The Third ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis

The objective: the finding of protein expression of apoptosis regulator BCL-2, Smooth Muscule Actin and the antigen Ki-67 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of different severity to optimize the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. Patients and methods. The study involved 42 women of reproductive age with cervical intraepithelial the neoplasia of the cervix varying degrees applied to the doctor of cervical pathology Zhitomir regional oncologic dispensary. All women (n=42) were divided into groups. The first group included 15 patients (35.7%) with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with mild. The second group included 13 women (31%) with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia a moderate degree. The third group was represented by patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with severe – 14 respondents (33.3 per cent). Results. Marker BCL-2 in patients of the first group was positive in 7 patients (46.7%), Smooth Muscule Actin was positive in 9 patients (60%) and Ki-67 was diagnosed in 8 of the surveyed women (53.3%). In the second group of BCL-2 was positive in 8 patients (61.5%), Clone 124, Smooth Muscule Actin, Clone 1A4 was positive in 9 patients (69.2%), and Ki-67 was diagnosed in 12 of the surveyed women (92.3%). Marker BCL-2 in patients of the third group was positive in 12 patients (85.7%), Smooth Muscule Actin was positive in 10 patients (71.4%) and Ki-67 was diagnosed in 13 of the surveyed women (92.9% ). Conclusion. Carcinogenesis is associated with molecular genetic damage to the cervix. Some of the products of this process can be used as prognostic and diagnostic markers of tumor progression. Determination of protein expression of apoptosis regulator BCL-2, Smooth Muscule Actin and the antigen Ki-67 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia makes it possible to accurately verify the diagnosis and to predict the course of pathological changes in the flat epithelium of the cervix. Key words: cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical cancer, morphological diagnostics of precancerous lesions, BCL-2, Smooth Muscule Actin, Ki-67.

PTTG has a Dual Role of Promotion-Inhibition in the Development of Pituitary Adenomas

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 800-818
Author(s):  
Zujian Xiong ◽  
Xuejun Li ◽  
Qi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Sister Chromatids ◽  
Regulation Of Cell Cycle ◽  
Late Stages

Pituitary Tumor Transforming Gene (PTTG) of human is known as a checkpoint gene in the middle and late stages of mitosis, and is also a proto-oncogene that promotes cell cycle progression. In the nucleus, PTTG works as securin in controlling the mid-term segregation of sister chromatids. Overexpression of PTTG, entering the nucleus with the help of PBF in pituitary adenomas, participates in the regulation of cell cycle, interferes with DNA repair, induces genetic instability, transactivates FGF-2 and VEGF and promotes angiogenesis and tumor invasion. Simultaneously, overexpression of PTTG induces tumor cell senescence through the DNA damage pathway, making pituitary adenoma possessing the potential self-limiting ability. To elucidate the mechanism of PTTG in the regulation of pituitary adenomas, we focus on both the positive and negative function of PTTG and find out key factors interacted with PTTG in pituitary adenomas. Furthermore, we discuss other possible mechanisms correlate with PTTG in pituitary adenoma initiation and development and the potential value of PTTG in clinical treatment.

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