scholarly journals Skeletocutins M-Q, biologically active compounds from the fruiting bodies of the basidiomycete Skeletocutis sp. collected in Africa  

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Cheng ◽  
Clara Chepkirui ◽  
Cony Decock ◽  
Josphat C Matasyoh ◽  
Marc Stadler
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
First Report ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
New Metabolites

During the course of screening for new metabolites from basidiomycetes, we isolated and characterized five previously undescribed secondary metabolites skeletocutins M-Q (1-5) along with the known metabolite tyromycin A (6) from the fruiting bodies of the polypore Skeletocutis sp. The new compounds did not exhibit any antimicrobial, cytotoxic or nematicidal activities. However, compound 3 moderately inhibited the biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus, while compounds 3 and 4 performed moderately activity in the L-leucine-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin (L-Leu-AMC) inhibition assay. These compounds represent the first report of secondary metabolites occurring in the fruiting bodies of Skeletocutis. Interestingly, tyromycin A was found to be the only common metabolites in fruiting bodies and mycelial cultures of the fungus, and none of the recently reported skeletocutins from the culture of the same strain was detected in the basidiomes.

scholarly journals Skeletocutins M–Q: biologically active compounds from the fruiting bodies of the basidiomycete Skeletocutis sp. collected in Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 2782-2789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Cheng ◽  
Clara Chepkirui ◽  
Cony Decock ◽  
Josphat C Matasyoh ◽  
Marc Stadler
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
New Metabolites

During the course of screening for new metabolites from basidiomycetes, we isolated and characterized five previously undescribed secondary metabolites, skeletocutins M–Q (1–5), along with the known metabolite tyromycin A (6) from the fruiting bodies of the polypore Skeletocutis sp. The new compounds did not exhibit any antimicrobial, cytotoxic, or nematicidal activities. However, compound 3 moderately inhibited the biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), while compounds 3 and 4 performed moderately in the ʟ-leucine-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin (ʟ-Leu-AMC) inhibition assay. These compounds represent the first secondary metabolites reported to occur in the fruiting bodies by Skeletocutis. Interestingly, tyromycin A (6) was found to be the only common metabolite in fruiting bodies and mycelial cultures of the fungus, and none of the recently reported skeletocutins from the culture of the same strain were detected in the basidiomes.

SOME DIRECTIONS IN THE MODIFICATION OF AZOLES

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (443) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Ibrayev M.K., ◽  
◽  
Takibayeva A.T., ◽  
Fazylov S.D., ◽  
Rakhimberlinova Zh.B., ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
13C Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Alkaloid Cytisine ◽  
Azole Ring ◽  
Cyclic Compounds ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Derivatives Of

This article presents studies on the targeted search for new derivatives of azoles, such as benzthiazole, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione, 1,3,4-thiadiazole. The possibility of combining in one molecule of the azole ring with other cyclic compounds: the alkaloid cytisine, morpholine, furan and some arenes has been studied. To obtain new compounds, the reactions of bromination, acylation, and interaction with isothiocyanates were studied. Optimal synthesis conditions were studied for all reactions. It was found that the reaction of 4-bromo-3,5-dimethylpyrazole with isothiocyanates, in contrast to the previously written derivatives of anilines, takes a longer time and requires heating the reaction mixture. The combination of a pirasol fragment with halide substituents often results in an enhanced therapeutic effect. The synthesized 2-bromine-N-(6-rodanbenzo[d]thiazole-2-yl)acetamide, due to the alkylbromide group, is an important synth in the synthesis of new benzthiazole derivatives. Its derivatives combine in one molecule the rest of rhodanbenzthiazole with alkaloid cytisine and biogenic amine morpholine and are potentially biologically active compounds, since the molecule structure contains several pharmacophoric fragments: benzthiazole and alkaloid (amine) heterocycles, rhodane and urea groups. The mechanism of formation of 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-tyons from hydrazides under action on them by carbon disulfide was studied and assumed. It was shown that dithiocarbamates in acidic medium decompose with the release of hydrogen sulfide and the formation of highly reactive isothiocyanate group. Then, intra-molecular cyclization occurs, with the formation of end products - 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thions. The structures of the synthesized compounds were studied by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. All synthesized substances are potentially biologically active compounds, since they contain several pharmacophore fragments in their structure.

scholarly journals A new perspective on fungal metabolites: identification of bioactive compounds from fungi using zebrafish embryogenesis as read-out

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelmer Hoeksma ◽  
Tim Misset ◽  
Christie Wever ◽  
Johan Kemmink ◽  
John Kruijtzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Preparative Hplc ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Therapeutic Compounds

AbstractThere is a constant need for new therapeutic compounds. Fungi have proven to be an excellent, but underexplored source for biologically active compounds with therapeutic potential. Here, we combine mycology, embryology and chemistry by testing secondary metabolites from more than 10,000 species of fungi for biological activity using developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Zebrafish development is an excellent model for high-throughput screening. Development is rapid, multiple cell types are assessed simultaneously and embryos are available in high numbers. We found that 1,526 fungal strains produced secondary metabolites with biological activity in the zebrafish bioassay. The active compounds from 39 selected fungi were purified by liquid-liquid extraction and preparative HPLC. 34 compounds were identified by a combination of chemical analyses, including LCMS, UV-Vis spectroscopy/ spectrophotometry, high resolution mass spectrometry and NMR. Our results demonstrate that fungi express a wide variety of biologically active compounds, consisting of both known therapeutic compounds as well as relatively unexplored compounds. Understanding their biological activity in zebrafish may provide insight into underlying biological processes as well as mode of action. Together, this information may provide the first step towards lead compound development for therapeutic drug development.

scholarly journals Two Novel Diphenolic Metabolites from the Inedible Mushroom Thelephora palmata

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100
Author(s):  
Ayako Nishio ◽  
Haruka Mikami ◽  
Hiroshi Imagawa ◽  
Toshihiro Hashimoto ◽  
Masami Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Heteronuclear Nmr ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Nmr Data ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites

During the search for bioactive secondary metabolites, thelepalmatins A and B (1 and 2) were isolated from the fresh fruiting bodies of Thelephora palmata, together with four known compounds (3-6). Their structures were elucidated using MS analyses, and extensive 2D-heteronuclear NMR data interpretation. Compounds 3, 4 and 6 showed antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis with MIC values of 21.7-70.4 μM.

scholarly journals An IgaA/UmoB Family Protein fromSerratia marcescensRegulates Motility, Capsular Polysaccharide Biosynthesis, and Secondary Metabolite Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Stella ◽  
Kimberly M. Brothers ◽  
Jake D. Callaghan ◽  
Angelina M. Passerini ◽  
Cihad Sigindere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Polysaccharide Biosynthesis ◽  
Transcriptional Changes

ABSTRACTSecondary metabolites are an important source of pharmaceuticals and key modulators of microbe-microbe interactions. The bacteriumSerratia marcescensis part of theEnterobacteriaceaefamily of eubacteria and produces a number of biologically active secondary metabolites. In this study, we screened for novel regulators of secondary metabolites synthesized by a clinical isolate ofS. marcescensand found mutations in a gene for an uncharacterized UmoB/IgaA family member here namedgumB. Mutation ofgumBconferred a severe loss of the secondary metabolites prodigiosin and serratamolide. ThegumBmutation conferred pleiotropic phenotypes, including altered biofilm formation, highly increased capsular polysaccharide production, and loss of swimming and swarming motility. These phenotypes corresponded to transcriptional changes infimA,wecA, andflhD. Unlike other UmoB/IgaA family members,gumBwas found to be not essential for growth inS. marcescens, yetigaAfromSalmonella enterica,yrfFfromEscherichia coli, and an uncharacterized predicted ortholog fromKlebsiella pneumoniaecomplemented thegumBmutant secondary metabolite defects, suggesting highly conserved function. These data support the idea that UmoB/IgaA family proteins are functionally conserved and extend the known regulatory influence of UmoB/IgaA family proteins to the control of competition-associated secondary metabolites and biofilm formation.IMPORTANCEIgaA/UmoB family proteins are found in members of theEnterobacteriaceaefamily of bacteria, which are of environmental and public health importance. IgaA/UmoB family proteins are thought to be inner membrane proteins that report extracellular stresses to intracellular signaling pathways that respond to environmental challenge. This study introduces a new member of the IgaA/UmoB family and demonstrates a high degree of functional similarity between IgaA/UmoB family proteins. Moreover, this study extends the phenomena controlled by IgaA/UmoB family proteins to include the biosynthesis of antimicrobial secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals The investigation of the cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos L.) concentrated juice antimicrobial activity

2018 ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
K. M. Yatsiuk ◽  
M. I. Feodorovska ◽  
R. V. Kutsyk
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Cranberry Juice ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Uropathogenic Bacteria

The urinary system infections is one of the most common diseases of the genitourinary system in women. Of particular interest in the prevention and treatment of chronic cystitis is the consumption of the cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos L.) fruits. This plant has long been used in urological practice due to the content of proantocianidins, flavonoids, organic acids (benzoic, citric, quinic, ursolic), pectin substances, vitamins, microelements etc. Numerous clinical studies (including randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled) reveal statistically reliable efficiency of cranberry juice in the forms of concentrates, cocktails and capsules to urinary system infections prevention in women. Since the main pathogens of urinary system infections are Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, the aim of our work was to study the antimicrobial properties of the cranberry concentrated juice. Comparative testing of antimicrobial activity was performed using micromethod of diffusion in agar. The carried out study indicates that the concentrated juice maintains antimicrobial properties to the most common uropathogenic microorganisms. Effective antimicrobial concentration was found according with analysis of microbial cultures growth curves in a nutrient medium with various juice dilutions. Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus, E. faecalis) are more sensitive to the cranberry concentrated juice than gram-negative (E. coli and P. aeruginosa). The adhere ability to a solid surface with the subsequent formation of biofilm is an important factor in the uropathogenic bacteria virulence. Therefore, the next step was to study the effect of cranberry juice biologically active compounds on the biofilms formation in the uropathogenic bacteria broth cultures. It was determined that cranberry juice suppresses the biofilm formation of S. aureus with the greatest intensity. It was observed the 45,3–55,8% reduction of the biofilm creating intensity in the presence of the condensed juice subbacteriostatic dilutions. When the condensed juice was diluted as 1:160, inhibition of E. faecalis biofilm formation ability on 44,90% was detected. The effect of cranberry biologically active compounds on the biofilms formation by gram-negative bacteria was observed in the range of 20%. Thus, the obtained cranberry concentrated juice can be recommended as the remedy for application in prevention of recurrent urinary system infections.

scholarly journals New Thiazole Nortopsentin Analogues Inhibit Bacterial Biofilm Formation

Marine Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Carbone ◽  
Barbara Parrino ◽  
Maria Cusimano ◽  
Virginia Spanò ◽  
Alessandra Montalbano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Planktonic Form ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Dose Dependent

New thiazole nortopsentin analogues were conveniently synthesized and evaluated for their activity as inhibitors of biofilm formation of relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. All compounds were able to interfere with the first step of biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner, showing a selectivity against the staphylococcal strains. The most active derivatives elicited IC50 values against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, ranging from 0.40–2.03 µM. The new compounds showed a typical anti-virulence profile, being able to inhibit the biofilm formation without affecting the microbial growth in the planktonic form.

scholarly journals Antibacterial, Antibiofilm and Anti-Virulence Activity of Biactive Fractions from Mucus Secretion of Giant African Snail Achatina fulica against Staphylococcus aureus Strains

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1548
Author(s):  
Libardo Suárez ◽  
Andrés Pereira ◽  
William Hidalgo ◽  
Nelson Uribe
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Mucus Secretion ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Achatina Fulica ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Strong Inhibitory Effect

Staphylococcus aureus is an important etiological agent that causes skin infections, and has the propensity to form biofilms, leading to significant mortality and morbidity in patients with wounds. Mucus secretion from the Giant African snail Achatina fulica is a potential source of biologically active substances that might be an important source for new drugs to treat resistant and biofilm-forming bacteria such as S. aureus. This study evaluated the effect of semi-purified fractions from the mucus secretion of A. fulica on the growth, biofilm formation and virulence factors of S. aureus. Two fractions: FMA30 (Mw >30 kDa) and FME30 (Mw 30−10 kDa) exhibited antimicrobial activity against S. aureus with a MIC50 of 25 and 125 µg/mL, respectively. An inhibition of biofilm formation higher than 80% was observed at 9 µg/mL with FMA30 and 120 µg/mL with FME30. Furthermore, inhibition of hemolytic and protease activity was determined using a concentration of MIC20, and FME30 showed a strong inhibitory effect in the formation of clots. We report for the first time the effect of semi-purified fractions of mucus secretion of A. fulica on biofilm formation and activity of virulence factors such as α-hemolysin, coagulase and proteases produced by S. aureus strains.

scholarly journals Searching for New Biologically Active Compounds Derived from Isoquinoline Alkaloids

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Anna Kmieciak ◽  
Marta Ćwiklińska ◽  
Karolina Jeżak ◽  
Afef Shili ◽  
Marek P. Krzemiński
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Borohydride ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Asymmetric Reduction ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Isoquinoline Alkaloids ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
New Compounds

Many isoquinoline alkaloids are biologically active compounds and successfully used as pharmaceuticals. Compounds belonging to the isoquinolines and tetrahydroisoquinolines (TIQs) can be used as anesthetics, antihypertensive drugs, antiviral agents, and vasodilators. In the presented studies, the search for new compounds and synthesis of tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid derivatives was undertaken. Several dihydroisoquinolines were synthesized by Bishler–Napieralski reaction from the corresponding amides. Dihydroisoquinolines were reduced with sodium borohydride to obtain racemic tetrahydroisoquinolines. Asymmetric reduction of selected 3,4-dihydroisoquinolines was attempted with borane in the presence of chiral terpene spiroboranes.

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