scholarly journals One-member sentences and their communicative potential in professional discourse

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Л.Б. Крюкова ◽  
А.Н. Губайдуллина
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Professional Discourse ◽  
Functional Load ◽  
Military Discourse ◽  
Semantic Organization ◽  
Grammatical Structures ◽  
Unambiguous Interpretation

В статье рассматривается структурно-семантическая организация отдельных типов односоставных предложений в профессиональной коммуникации. Анализ функциональной нагрузки и коммуникативного потенциала исследуемых конструкций проводится с дискурсивных позиций. В качестве предмета лингвистического анализа выбраны строевые команды, представляющие собой односоставные и неполные грамматические структуры, реализация которых напрямую обусловлена стандартизованностью и субординативностью военной речи, однозначностью интерпретации и отсутствием вариативности. В фокусе внимания – инфинитивные и определенно-личные синтаксические единицы, ориентированные на вертикальную модель коммуникации. Отмечается четко выраженная жанровая обусловленность процессов интеръективации и вербализации. Демонстрируется, что императивный характер военного дискурса определяет семантику и коммуникативную направленность односоставных и неполных словесных конструкций. The article deals with the structural and semantic organization of certain types of one-member sentences in professional communication. The functional load and the communicative potential of the sentences are analyzed from a discursive standpoint. The object of linguistic analysis are drill commands, which are one-member and incomplete grammatical structures. The standardization and subordinality of military speech, unambiguous interpretation and lack of variability directly affect drill command verbalization forms. The focus is on infinitive and definite personal syntactic units oriented towards the vertical communication model. The interjectivation and verbalization processes are clearly caused by the genre. The article shows that the imperative nature of military discourse determines the semantics and communicative orientation of one-member and incomplete verbal constructions.

The problem of teaching communicative tactics in English-language professional discourse

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Svetlana S. Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Language Documentation ◽  
Written Discourse ◽  
Professional Discourse ◽  
Professional Field ◽  
The Will

The work discusses the problem of teaching students of civil engineering departments English-language civil engineering discourse, in particular, communicative tactics of this type of discourse. We substantiate the need to form students’ skills in using the communicative tactics applied in civil engineering discourse in professional communication. We give an overview of com-municative tactics of written discourse used by the authors of English-language documentation in civil engineering professional field. The purpose of the study is to determine the level of students’ skills in using communicative tactics in a foreign language professional written speech. Theoretical and practical research showed that in a modern technical university, insufficient attention is paid to teaching students this component of professional discourse. At the same time, the level of students’ skills to use communicative tactics in professional communication is quite low, which led us to the conclusion that it is of paramount importance to include this component in the pro-gram of teaching a foreign language in a professional field. The results of the will serve as the ba-sis for the development of a methodic model of teaching civil engineering students the communic-ative tactics of professional civil engineering discourse.

scholarly journals DENOMINATION OF DOSAGE FORMS IN RUSSIA: DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Olga B. Burdina ◽  
◽  
Olga G. Olekhnovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
17Th Century ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Professional Discourse ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Terminology System

The research deals with the issue of terms and their functioning in professional discourse. According to the cognitive and discourse approach, a term is regarded as a representative of knowledge which participates in the processes of receiving, processing, storing and transmitting information about the world and human activity. The purpose of the research is to investigate the linguistic characteristics of terms belonging to the pharmaceutical terminology system at different stages of its development. The article contains analysis of two sets of terms introduced during two historical periods: at the stage of formation of the terminology system (17th century) and at the modern stage (since the beginning of the 21st century). Each of the stages is represented by its own type of terminologization. The research material is composed of Latin/Latinized and Russian terms with the meaning ‘dosage form’ found in pharmaceutical documents (handwritten recipes of the 17th century from the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts; State Pharmacopoeias of the Russian Federation). The first part of the study describes the thematic group ‘names of dosage forms’ of the 17th century. Latin and corresponding Russian terms and nomenclature names formed on their basis are analyzed in this part. The reason for the presence of variations within the terminology group is studied. In the second part of the paper, the linguistic and extralinguistic reasons for the transformation of this group of terminological units are studied, the productivity of new models for the denomination of dosage forms is analyzed. Methodologically, the study is based on the comparative, structural, etymological methods of analysis, the expert method (used when selecting terms from the collection of pharmaceutical texts) and terminological modeling. The authors came to the following conclusions: being an instrument of language of professional communication, a term expresses a special concept and develops in the process of functioning; due to its dynamic nature, a term develops in discourse and forms new connections within the terminology system of the professional discourse (pharmacy, in the case of our study); on the other hand, the development of the terminology system contributes to the process of ordering terminology.

scholarly journals Oil and gas business specialists’ professional discourse structure and functions study

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01221
Author(s):  
Liliya Z. Samigullina ◽  
Elina F. Samigullina
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Professional Discourse ◽  
Anthropological Theory ◽  
Knowledge Presentation ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
Structure And Functions

The article deals with professional discourse which is defined as a speech in the aspect of the event, permeated with extralinguistic, sociocultural, psychological, professional and other factors, as a verbal communication aimed at theoretical and practical business problems solution and requiring special training and experience in a definite sphere of activity. The situation in professional discourse is a kind of professional knowledge presentation depending on the participants’ personal experience. The structure and the main functions of professional discourse are revealed. The fixed and stereotyped character of any professional activity gives a solid ground for professional domains conceptual linguistic modelling, viewed as a base for languages for specific purposes ideographic description. The linguistic modelling can be carried out within the framework of cognitive spheres I. “Nature”. II. “Man”. III. “Society”. IV. “Cognition (a priori)”. The developed professional discourse description model could serve both the needs of the anthropological theory of language and the need to improve the practice of professional communication in different fields.

scholarly journals The Concepts of Office Work and Archiving in Terminological Standards: A Comparative Aspect

2019 ◽  
pp. 217-226
Author(s):  
Аlina Topaz
Keyword(s):  
Subject Area ◽  
The Body ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Record Management ◽  
Records Management ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Modern System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Unambiguous Interpretation

In the article, in order to identify the dynamics of the conceptual apparatus of the subject area of records management and archival business, a comparative analysis of standards for terms and definitions of GOST R 51141-98 and GOST R 7.0.8-2013 is carried out. The standard is characterized as a type of document that fixes special concepts, as an important lexicographic source that contributes to the unification and normalization of terminology. The properties of conventionality and definitiveness of terminological units, which are important for the process of standardization and determine the features of the term as a language sign and affect its unambiguous interpretation by specialists, are considered. The similarities and differences in the structure of the standards under consideration, in the body of special tokens that are used in professional communication in the field of records management and archival business are revealed. The comparison of the GOST R 7.0.8-2013 with the previous document resulted in distinguishing several groups of terminological units with regard to their semantics, which is expressed in definitions, and significance in the modern system of concept record management and archival affairs: the terms, which are not included in the standard as obsolete; the terms, which preserved the former meaning; the terms with altered meaning; new terms, the appearance of which is associated with the development of the professional sector. The factors that determine the dynamics of the term system of records management and archival business are established.

Phi-features reloaded: An event-related potential study on person and number agreement processing

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADAM ZAWISZEWSKI ◽  
MIKEL SANTESTEBAN ◽  
ITZIAR LAKA
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Behavioral Data ◽  
Number Agreement ◽  
Verb Agreement ◽  
Potential Study ◽  
Electrophysiological Responses ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Number Violation ◽  
Grammatical Structures

ABSTRACTLinguistic analysis claims that verb agreement is composed of distinct phi-features such as person and number, but are these different phi-features processed distinctly or similarly? We used a sentence grammaticality task to explore the electrophysiological responses of Basque speakers when processing subject–verb person and number phi-feature agreement violations. We generated grammatical structures (grammatical control) and ungrammatical structures in which the verb disagreed with the subject in person (person violation), in number (number violation), or in both person and number features (person+number violation). Behavioral data revealed that, overall, participants were faster and more accurate detecting person and person+number violations than violations involving only number. Event-related potential responses revealed a N400–P600 pattern for all violation types. Person and person+number violations elicited larger P600 effects than number violations. These findings reveal different costs related to the processing of person and number phi-feature agreement and indicate that these features are distinct components of agreement computation.

Two categorization patterns in idiom semantics

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chermen Gogichev
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Interaction Models ◽  
Effect Relationship ◽  
Semantic Organization ◽  
Behavioral Expectations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Given

The article looks at idioms as categorization means. On the basis of linguistic analysis of semantic organization of idioms two patterns of idiomatic categorization are argued — general categorization and relevant property based categorization. Cognitive functions of idioms differ with regard to their role as categorization means, idioms can serve different categorization purposes according to two general cognitive processes — static and dynamic — including in a category or considering the given qualities as the reasons for categorization. Moreover, the purpose of categorization was investigated with defining the specificity of the phenomena and its types. The categorization purpose was conceived as different types of information e.g. behavioral expectations or interaction models with the object. The cause-effect relationship between the category and the categorization purpose was claimed.

Fostering civility and politeness awareness in professional discourse: Critical genre analysis of course books in professional communication

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-329
Author(s):  
Alcina Pereira de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Service Encounter ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Professional Discourse ◽  
Course Materials ◽  
Rapport Management ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThis paper aims to analyse a set of communicative events within the service encounter genre in tourism and leisure interdiscursive domains as displayed in course books on professional communication in English (commonly pointing to ESP). These supposedly replicate interaction in real life settings. Therefore, it is relevant to uncover the ways authentic interactions can be interpreted in the pedagogical setting of workplace conversation from a discursive and pragmatic perspective. More specifically, this empirical and exploratory study discusses ways of improving rapport management skills in interpersonal and intercultural communication, in general, and in professional interaction, in particular, in a selection of excerpts on greeting / asking for info exchanges. The study uncovers participants’ possible co-constructions of civility and politeness strategies in naturally occurring classroom discourse supported by course materials in English for glocal communication across segments in the tourism domain as object of this study.

scholarly journals Frequency of co-occurrence of chinese characters as an indicator of lexicality (when selecting the vocabulary of chinese military discourse)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
D. S. Korshunov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Professional Discourse ◽  
Military Discourse ◽  
Text Corpora ◽  
Chinese Military

Teaching a foreign language in a non-linguistic college or university should be professionally oriented, which brings up the question of selecting the relevant vocabulary of a professional discourse under study. Modern text corpora are too general in subject matter and the time span. Therefore, a specially compiled collection of texts can serve the purpose of selecting the vocabulary. In the case of the Chinese language, the task is complicated by the lack of word segmentation in such texts. Taking into account the fact that most words in Chinese are written in two characters, it is assumed that one of the methods applicable in this situation is a comprehensive frequency analysis of text sequences of two characters – character bigrams. The analysis of frequent bigrams has showed that 70% of the most frequent lexical units are representative of the discourse, including 11% of out-of-vocabulary ones. The remaining part of bigrams pertain to syntactic constructions, including structurally incomplete ones, and fragments of longer lexical units. Thus, the high frequency of character co-occurrence can with a rather high probability (p > 0.7) be considered as an indicator of lexicality in identifying representative vocabulary in an unsegmented the matic collection of texts in Chinese.

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