scholarly journals The role of crowd funding in innovative activities

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
Danil DIACHENKO ◽  
Vlasta SHVAHIREVA
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Market Research ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Equity Crowdfunding ◽  
State Financing

The paper considers the concept of innovation and its importance and impact on modern social life. Budget and extra-budgetary forms of its financing are given: state financing, joint-stock, bank credits, venture financing, leasing, business angels, mixed form of financing and crowdfunding. In particular, the form of crowdfunding financing is considered. The purpose of this paper is to study and analyze the forms of crowdfunding financing, as well as to identify its role in the development of innovation. For this purpose, such research methods as analysis, study and evaluation of information were used. The concept of crowdfunding and the mechanism of financing projects through crowdfunding are considered. The sites of Internet sites that perform the function of fundraising by crowdfunding are considered – the site acts as a third party, is not responsible to anyone, only helping to cover the project and managing the funds raised. Any of the site visitors, who are usually not professional financiers, can transfer any amount to the account of the author of the project. The volumes and growth rates of crowdfunding in the world for 2014 are presented. The analysis and comparison of domestic and foreign crowdfunding platforms is carried out. The classification of crowdfunding by the method of reward (namely: “reward crowdfunding”, “equity crowdfunding” and “debt crowdfunding”), and by the method of fundraising (“all or nothing”, “leave everything”, “turning point”, “free” price”, "perpetual financing" and "subscription"). The paper also analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of this method of raising funds, its impact on the development of innovation. The conclusion states that despite all the disadvantages, no other method of financing can provide such advantages resale, market research, sponsorship advertising at no additional cost. Other sources of funding have disadvantages, which are limited public information, high risks of investment in projects. However, in crowdfunding through communication with sponsors, obtaining market reviews from them opens unknown previously ways to reduce these risks.

scholarly journals The role of personal relationships in supply chain disruptions: Perspectives from buyers and suppliers of logistics services

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Rood ◽  
Deon Van den Berg ◽  
Wesley Niemann ◽  
Arno Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Supply Chain Disruption ◽  
Supply Chain Disruptions ◽  
Supplier Relationships ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Logistics Services

Orientation: Firms can no longer rely on their own internal capabilities to operate in dynamic business environments but rather depend on buyer–supplier relationships to resolve and survive supply chain disruptions.Research purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the underlying role of personal buyer–supplier relationships in a supply chain disruption context.Motivation for the study: Previous research studies have focussed solely on the role of business relationships in a supply chain disruption context, while neglecting personal relationships.Research design, approach and method: A generic qualitative research strategy was used for this purpose. Eighteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine buyers and nine suppliers of logistics services who were involved in personal relationships during supply chain disruptions.Main findings: The findings of this study indicate the attributes that must be present for a personal relationship to form in a supply chain disruption context, along with the various advantages and disadvantages that are derived from personal relationships in times of supply chain disruption.Practical/managerial implications: For managers, this study identifies various attributes, advantages and disadvantages of personal relationships in supply chain disruptions, therefore equipping managers to extract value from personal relationships in supply chain disruptions.Contribution/value-add: Academically, this study expands the literature by being one of the first empirical studies to conduct research on the role of buyer–supplier personal relationships in the third-party logistics supply chain disruption context.

Dispute Settlement in International Law

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loris Marotti ◽  
Paolo Palchetti
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Interstate Disputes ◽  
International Dispute ◽  
Legal Duty ◽  
Recent Trends

The basic principles and methods governing the settlement of international disputes today—particularly interstate disputes—are substantially the same as those that were identified and enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations in 1945. Parties to a dispute are under a duty to settle it in a peaceful way (Article 2, paragraph 3 of the UN Charter). While barred from resorting to armed force, the parties remain however, at least in principle, “masters” of the procedure for dispute settlement, and of the outcome. In the absence of a precise treaty obligation, they are free to decide the particular means of dispute settlement they prefer (Article 33 of the UN Charter). More broadly, any settlement will inevitably depend, directly or indirectly, on the agreement of the parties. Thus, the whole edifice of dispute settlement at the international level is characterized by an inherent tension between a legal duty to settle disputes in a peaceful way and the absence of any real compulsory mechanism that may render such obligation effective. Against this legal background, the notion of dispute settlement covers a great variety of different settlement devices. Such procedures can be distinguished one from the other on the basis of different criteria, such as whether they contemplate the intervention of a third party, whether the settlement is based on the application of rules of international law, or whether the final outcome of the procedure has a binding or nonbinding character. The classification of these different procedures; the identification of their respective merits and shortcomings, in absolute or comparative terms; their suitability in relation to different categories of disputes—these are all issues that have been traditionally the object of a vast body of literature. On a broader perspective, recent trends, which have brought some changes in the field of the international dispute settlement, have also attracted the attention of doctrine. These trends include the progressive institutionalization of the procedures, thanks also to the growing role of international organizations in this area, the multiplication of settlement mechanisms and the ensuing problem of the possible interaction or conflict between them, the creation of new courts and tribunals, and the rise of adjudication as a means of dispute settlement.

AN EFFECTUATION ASSESSMENT OF AN EMPLOYEE AT ORGANISATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 4813-4824
Author(s):  
Dr.Parulkumari Bhati, Dr Maitri, Dr. A. Narasima Venkatesh, Ms.Shradha Agarwal,
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Market Research ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Appraisal System ◽  
Management Platform ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Performance Framework ◽  
Method Of Evaluation

In organizations the performance and efficiency of its workers are calculated by the performance evaluation framework. Successful appraisal interventions are necessary since each staff's place mostly on job is unique. Efficient appraisal aims at optimizing job performance, expressing priorities, recognizing workforce talent and assisting workforce guidance. Most companies have switched from the method of evaluation to the management platform of workers. It article traces the role of the appraisal system for workers. In data analysis, dependent and independent variables methods of study were used. The key method used for this research is surveys, market research conversation and sampling methodology. The findings reveal, by comparison, that both advantages and disadvantages on efficiency of workers were caused by a business's individual performance framework.  

Deal Structures

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kershaw
Keyword(s):  
Third Party ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Publicly Traded Companies ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject

This Chapter considers the nature and characteristics of different deal structures: the different ways in which a control transaction can be effected. It commences with an analysis of asset deals, which - although we do not encounter in the context of the takeovers of publicly traded companies which are the subject of this book – assist in understanding the nature of other deal structures as well as understanding the ways in which deal risk can be managed and, to a limited but important extent, assist in understanding certain Code rules. The Chapter then considers direct share offers (otherwise known as contractual offers). It analyses their structure as well as the corporate, Listing Rule and third party approvals required to effect a share deal. It also considers the use of compulsory acquisition powers to acquire all the shares in the company following the contractual offer. The Chapter then considers the use of Schemes of Arrangements in control transactions. It details the different types of control schemes, namely transfer schemes and merger schemes, and considers their advantages and disadvantages as compared to contractual offers. It analyses the different stages of the scheme process and the role of the courts in each stage. The final part of the Chapter considers the operation of the UK’s cross border merger regime, introduced to implement the European Union’s Cross Border Mergers Directive.

scholarly journals Motivasi Enterpreneurship dalam Meningkatan Lifeskill Peserta Didik di SD NU Insan Cendekia Kediri

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Ainul Naim ◽  
Siti Mahmudah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Personal Skills ◽  
Grade 3

This study aims to determine the role of motivation given by educators in terms of entrepreneurship which will then increase the lifeskills in learners on SDNU Insan Cendekia Ngadiluwih Kediri.This research uses qualitative research method. Research strategy using phenomenological approach. This approach is perceived to understand the meaning of human events and interactions in their particular situations. Researchers take focus in grade 3 and 4 as many as 4 classes. And data collection techniques that researchers take ie from the method of interviewing and documentation. The result of the research concludes that, (1) Prophet Muhammad has a strategy in doing entrepreneurship activities in the form of honesty, maintaining trust, confidence, spirit, business that is really clean, ethical, prospect, diligent, persistent, independent, never give up, take a risk, and have egalitarian personality, (2) On applying entrepreneurship in SDNU Insan Cendekia done by learners and parents, can not be separated from educators who provide an entrepreneurship motivation. From the application of entrepreneurship, it will increase the lifeskills contained in the learner that includes personal skills and social life skills, and (3) Along with held entrepreneurship in learners. Apparently there are several advantages and disadvantages of the application of entrepreneurship. This is because this activity is still done first in this school. Then the need for an evaluation so that the future can be improved again.

scholarly journals Ensuring the principle of visibility when examining graphic disciplines

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 202-211
Author(s):  
Viktor Ivanovich Tel’noy ◽  
Anzhelika Vital’evna Rychkova
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Psychological Techniques ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pedagogical Skills ◽  
Effective Organization ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Expert Support

The article shows the importance of the use of didactic principle of visualization in the study of graphic disciplines for more effective organization of educational process, improvement of forms, methods and means of education. The authors analyze different approaches to the classification of means of visualization in modern pedagogy. The proposed classification of clarity with regard to graphic disciplines can be used not so much for their classification, as for the full and effective use of their capabilities in the learning process. The article demonstrates structural links between the stages of clarity, use of funds, ways and rules of their use, leading to successful achievement of the goals for the revitalization of the educational process and enhancing cognitive interest of students. Practical recommendations for the integrated use of means of presentation in the classes on descriptive geometry, engineering graphics and computer graphics are given. Special attention in the learning process is paid to the role of the teacher. In addition to his or her professional knowledge, a teacher should possess oratory skills, to competently combine the rhetoric and psychological techniques to use interactive and effective active forms of training, including workshops, to engage students in the learning process, to monitor feedback from the students’ audience. When conducting different kinds of practice, teachers should know the advantages and disadvantages, strengths and weaknesses, timely application of every means of presentation for greater impact and effect in the educational process. The effectiveness of using the selected visualization tools is largely determined by the methods and techniques of their use in the classroom. It is important to consider the following factors: location, convenient for review, and approach; the accessibility; the expert support of a demonstration by the review; the duration of the demonstration; training students to perceive the means of presentation, and pedagogical skills of the teacher. The article considers theoretical and methodical aspects of the use of the didactic possibilities of visual means of education, which are of great importance in the improvement of teaching graphic disciplines, mastering the methods of their rational use.

scholarly journals „Macierzyństwo nowoplemienne” – analiza jakościowa parentingowych komunikatów internetowych

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 237-258
Author(s):  
Malwina Dankiewicz-Berger ◽  
Sylwia Cendal
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Taking Care

Powszechnie macierzyństwo postrzegane jest, podobnie jak związana z nim rola matki, przez pryzmat różnorodnych stereotypów. Macierzyństwo stanowi jeden z najważniejszych etapów w życiu kobiety, a współcześnie wobec matek formułowane są różnorodne oczekiwania: aby potrafiły efektywnie zająć się pracą, domem, życiem rodzinnym, a przede wszystkim dziećmi. W opinii społecznej realizacja tych zadań powinna matkom zapewnić poczucie spełnienia życiowego, mimo psychofizycznego zmęczenia. Jednak nie zawsze tak jest – kobiety coraz częściej dzielą się otwarcie opiniami i doświadczeniami związanymi z przeżywanym macierzyństwem, przedstawianym bardziej realistycznie, ze wszystkimi jego wadami oraz zaletami. Ze względu na znaczenie macierzyństwa względem indywidualnego i społecznego życia w artykule została przedstawiona próba weryfikacji stereotypu Matki Polki w kontekście danych pochodzących z parentingowych komunikatów internetowych publikowanych przez współczesne matki. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz zostało zidentyfikowane nowe zjawisko społeczne, związane z funkcjonowaniem w przestrzeni internetowej specyficznej grupy kobiet określonych przez autorki artykułu mianem „matek nowoplemiennych”. W tekście podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytania, jakie są cechy „nowoplemiennej matki” oraz jak określa ona problemy związane z macierzyństwem. Motherhood is widely perceived (similarly as the role of mother associated with it) through the prism of various stereotypes. Motherhood is one of the most important threads in a woman’s life and nowadays, many things are expected of mothers, such as: being effective at work, home, being able to take care of house and family, and above all, taking care of children. In the social opinion, being successful in all of these areas “should” give a mother a sense of fulfillment despite her psychophysical fatigue. However, this is not always the case – women more often share opinions and experiences related to the experience of motherhood, with all its advantages and disadvantages. Due to the importance of motherhood for individual and social life, this article presents an attempt to verify the stereotype of a Polish Mother in the context of parenting content published by modern mothers on the internet. Based on analysis, a new social phenomenon has been identified. There is a specific group of women functioning in the internet, they are described by the authors of the article as “neo-tribe mothers”. Authors made an attempt to answer the following questions, such as: what the characteristics of a “neo-tribe mother” are and how she identifies problems related to motherhood.

scholarly journals K.M. Takhtarev is one of the First Professional Sociologists in Russia. To the 150th Anniversary of His Birth

Discourse ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
A. O. Boronoev
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Biographical Approach ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Sociological Society ◽  
Special Relevance

Introduction. The article presents the fate and work of the famous Russian sociologist Konstantin Mikhailovich Takhtarev (1871–1925), who would have turned 150 years old in 2021. He was one of the first professional sociologists who played an important role in the institutionalization of Russian sociology. His works and other deeds are still not fully comprehended and, therefore, are insufficiently used in research and in the process of training sociologists. The article presents the main results of his work and the direction of his activities in organizing sociological knowledge in Russia.Methodology and sources. The article implements a historical and biographical approach combined with a comparative analysis of the life and scientific fate of the famous Russian sociologist K. M. Takhtarev, professor of the St Petersburg University (1911–1925). His main works and the results of his activities on the institutionalization of Russian sociology are analyzed.Results and discussion. The name of K.M. Takhtarev stands next to such names as M.M. Kovalevsky, N.I. Kareev, A.S. Lappo-Danilevsky, E.V. de Roberti, P.A. Sorokin, etc. His contribution to the institutionalization of Russian sociology is very significant. He was one of the first to prepare complete textbooks, created his own system of sociology (P. Sorokin), was one of the organizers of the M.M. Kovalevsky Russian Sociological Society, which confirmed the formation of the Russian sociological community. The creation of the country's first sociological institute is associated with his name. N.I. Kareev called him and P.A. Sorokin the first professional sociologists of Russia. The article shows his understanding of the subject of sociology, the basic concepts that reveal the essence of social life, its evolution, through the stages of self-sufficiency – the foundations of his theory. The significance of the systematization of sociological ideas carried out by him, which formed the basis of his system of sociology, is revealed. The role of Takhtarev in the development of genetic sociology as a sociological direction studying the dynamics of forms of society and social institutions is emphasized.Conclusion. The significance of K.M. Takhtarev's ideas for today's sociology is shown and it is argued that it is necessary to refer to his works today. The special relevance of the logic of building his own system of sociology, research experiments in the field of genetic sociology, the substantiation of social laws and the classification of social laws are emphasized.

scholarly journals Correction to: Third-party signals in equity crowdfunding: the role of prior financing

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Kleinert ◽  
Christine Volkmann ◽  
Marc Grünhagen
Keyword(s):  
Third Party ◽  
Equity Crowdfunding

scholarly journals On the 'Pre-History of The Panoptic Sort': Mobility in Market Research.

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Arvidsson
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Market Research ◽  
Consumer Demand ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Mobile Consumer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Integral Element ◽  
Capitalist Control

This article reviews the history of market research to argue that that discipline has seen a paradigm shift during the second half of the 20th century. Originally market research developed as an integral element to the society-wide capitalist control revolution. Its aim was to contain the complexity of an increasingly mobile consumer demand in a number of pre-established categories. Since the 1950s however market researchers developed a series of techniques to observe and make use of consumer mobility. The emergence of these new techniques was coupled to a different conception of the role of marketing. Its role was no longer understood primarily as that of disciplining consumer demand, but rather as that of observing and utilizing ideas and innovations that consumer's themselves produced. This paradigm shift from 'containment' to 'control' drove the development the statistical techniques and theoretical conceptions of consumers that are now employed in the commercial surveillance of on and off-line mobility. Through ubiquitous surveillance contemporary capitalism aims at including virtually all of social life into its valorization process. The conclusion considers the possible contradictions that this might produce.

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