scholarly journals An Archetypal Reading of the Mythic Representations in Seamus Heaney's Selected Poems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Abbas Ghadban
Keyword(s):  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Character Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Archetypal Criticism ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Plot Structure ◽  
Earth Goddess ◽  
Shared Roles ◽  
Archetypal Images

Archetypes reveal the shared roles among universal societies. This archetype may create a shared imaginary which is defined by many stereotypes that have not separated themselves from the traditional, biological, religious and mythical framework. In the same way, archetypal criticism represents that body of many stereotypes including plot structure, symbols, character type, themes that occur in mythology, religion, and stories across cultures and time periods. Heaney poetry has rested on a wide range of mythic patterns and archetypal images, particularly the image of the scapegoat/sacrificial victim and earth goddess. His archetypal images have been identified with the contemporary issues in his country. Therefore, this paper explores the underlying archetypal pattern that Heaney implies in some selected poems. These poems target the mythological heritage of his homeland which he either celebrates or criticized. His poems exhibit the poet's unconscious attachment to the universal archetypes which set social phenomena.

Understanding Distressed Residential Transaction Discounts Across Price Segments and Market Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-182
Author(s):  
Ramya Rajajagadeesan Aroul ◽  
J. Andrew Hansz ◽  
Mauricio Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Market Segment ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Large Market ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Market Areas

In the literature, there is a wide range of discounts associated with foreclosures. Comparisons across studies are difficult as they use different methodologies across large areas over different time periods. We employ a consistent methodology across space and time. We find modest discounts, within the range of typical transaction costs, in all but the highest priced market segment. Higher priced segments could explain prior findings of substantial discounts. We find that discounts are time-varying, with discounts increasing with market distress. A one-size-fits-all approach is not appropriate when estimating distressed transaction discounts across large market areas or under changing market conditions.

Religious Sectarianism in the Sertão of Northeast Brazil 1815-1966

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Anderson Gross
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Coastal Plains ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Afro Brazilian

Sectarian religious groups in Brazil, not of Afro-Brazilian origin, have been formed primarily in the backlands of the Northeast. There they have flourished during two approximate time periods, 1815 to 1840 and 1870 to the present. This paper will examine the religious groups of the Brazilian backlands as social phenomena.The locale of the sects, the backlands sertão, is both a geographical and cultural subregion of the Northeast. The latter area is generally defined as comprising the states of Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Alagôas, and northern Bahia. Geographically the sertão is an area subject to recurrent drought, lying back of fertile coastal plains from Salvador in Bahia to Natal in Rio Grande do Norte, touching the coast in Ceará, and again retreating inland in Piauí.

Anticipating Sin in Medieval Society

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Vanessia Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Moral Accountability ◽  
Multiple Contexts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship

Composed between the sixth and ninth centuries, penitentials were little books of penance that address a wide range of human fallibility. But they are far more than mere registers of sin and penance: rather, by revealing the multiple contexts in which their authors anticipated various sins, they reveal much about the ways those authors and, presumably, their audiences understood a variety of social phenomena. Offering new, more accurate translations of the penitentials than what has previously been available, this book delves into the potentialities addressed in these manuals for clues about less tangible aspects of early medieval history, including the innocence and vulnerability of young children and the relationship between speech and culpability; the links between puberty, autonomy, and moral accountability; early medieval efforts to regulate sexual relationships; and much more.

scholarly journals Application of the C-S-H Phase Nucleating Agents to Improve the Performance of Sustainable Concrete Composites Containing Fly Ash for Use in the Precast Concrete Industry

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6514
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Ludwik Golewski ◽  
Bartosz Szostak
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Nucleating Agents ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Sustainable Concrete ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Positive Effect

Siliceous fly ash (FA) is the main additive to currently produced concretes. The utilization of this industrial waste carries an evident pro-ecological factor. In addition, such actions have a positive effect on the structure and mechanical parameters of mature concrete. Unfortunately, the problem of using FA as a Portland cement replacement is that it significantly reduces the performance of concretes in the early stages of their curing. This limits the possibility of using this type of concrete, e.g., in prefabrication, where it is required to obtain high-strength composites after short periods of curing. In order to minimize these negative effects, this research was undertaken to increase the early strength of concretes with FA through the application of a specifically formulated chemical nano-admixture (NA) in the form of seeds of the C-S-H phase. The NA was used to accelerate the strength growth in concretes. Therefore, this paper presents results of tests of modified concretes both with the addition of FA and with innovative NA. The analyses were carried out based on the results of the macroscopic and microstructural tests in five time periods, i.e., after 4, 8, 12, 24 and 72 h. The results of tests carried out with the use of NA clearly indicate the possibility of using FA in a wide range of management areas in sustainable concrete prefabrication.

scholarly journals Modeling Network Dynamics

2020 ◽  
pp. 145-171
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Random Network ◽  
Network Dynamics ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Random Networks ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Disease Propagation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Model Dynamics

Social relationships and the social networks over these relationships do not occur arbitrarily. However, the random networks dealt with in this chapter are important tools for modeling the networks of these systems. The authors use random networks to understand and to model dynamics regarding the whole social structure. Random network models became the topic of several studies independently from social network analysis in the 1950s. These models were used in the analysis of a wide range of social and non-social phenomena, from electrical and communication networks to the speed and manner of disease propagation. This chapter explores the modeling network dynamics of random networks.

Differential Response of Two Soybean Cultivars to Paraquat

1993 ◽  
Vol 48 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangho Kim ◽  
Kriton K. Hatzios
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Reduced Mobility

The soybean cultivars “ Kwangkyo” and “ Hood ” are differentially sensitive to the bipyridylium herbicide paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4 ,4′-bipyridiniumion). This was confirmed by visible injury observations, measurements of desiccation levels and chlorophyll content, and tracings of chlorophyll fluorescence induction of fully expanded first trifoliate leaves of these two cultivars after exposure to a wide range of paraquat concentrations. The margin of this intraspecific differential tolerance to paraquat was narrow an d the ratio of the paraquat concentrations causing 50% injury to the tolerant Kwangkyo and to the susceptible Hood soybean (approximate tolerance factor) was found to be 10. Paraquat at 1 μᴍ or higher inhibited rapidly the CO2 fixation capacity of leaf mesophyll cells, isolated enzymatically from both cultivars. Thus, the tolerance of Kwangkyo soybean to paraquat does not appear to result from any differences at the site of paraquat action in chloroplast membranes. At early time periods (30 min to 2 h) after treatment with 100 μᴍ of paraquat, chlorophyll fluorescence induction was completely suppressed in first trifoliate leaves of Hood, but not in those of Kwangkyo soybean. At longer time periods (≧ 3 h), paraquat suppressed chlorophyll fluorescence induction similarly in leaves of both soybean cultivars. These results suggest that reduced mobility or a delayed release of paraquat in the mesophyll cells of Kwangkyo may be involved in the observed tolerance of this soybean cultivar to this herbicide.

Multidecadal decline and recovery of aspen experiencing contrasting fire regimes: long-unburned, infrequent and frequent mixed-severity wildfire

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cerena J. Brewen ◽  
John-Pascal Berrill ◽  
Martin W. Ritchie ◽  
Kevin Boston ◽  
Christa M. Dagley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Quaking Aspen ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fire Exclusion ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Root Suckering

AbstractQuaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) is a valued, minor component on western landscapes. It provides a wide range of ecosystem services and has been in decline throughout the arid west for the last century. This decline may be explained partially by the lack of fire on the landscape as aspen benefit from fire that eliminates conifer competition and stimulates reproduction through root suckering. Managers are interested in aspen restoration but there is a lack of knowledge about their spatial dynamics in response to fire. Our study area in northeastern California on the Lassen, Modoc and Plumas National Forests has experienced recent large mixed-severity wildfires where aspen was present, providing an opportunity to study the re-introduction of fire. We observed two time periods; a 54-year absence of fire from 1941 to 1993 preceding a 24-year period of wildfire activity from 1993 to 2017. We utilized aerial photos to delineate aspen stand size, location and succession to conifers. We chose aspen stands in areas where wildfires overlapped (twice-burned), where only a single wildfire burned, and areas that did not burn within the recent 24-year period. We looked at these same stands within the first period of fire exclusion for comparison (i.e., 1941-1993). In the absence of fire, all aspen stand areas declined and all stands experienced increases in conifer composition. After wildfire, stands that burned experienced a release from conifer competition and increased in stand area. Stands that burned twice or at high severity experienced a larger removal of conifer competition than stands that burned once at low severity, promoting aspen recovery and expansion. Stands with less edge:area ratio also expanded more with fire present. Across both time periods, stand movement, where aspen stand footprints were mostly in new areas compared to footprints of previous years, was highest in smaller stands. In the fire exclusion period, smaller stands exhibited greater changes in area and location (movement), highlighting their vulnerability to loss in the absence of disturbances that provide adequate growing space for aspen over time.

scholarly journals Swelling performance of sodium polyacrylate and poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) potassium salt

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruissein Mahon ◽  
Yakubu Balogun ◽  
Gbenga Oluyemi ◽  
James Njuguna
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymer ◽  
Sodium Polyacrylate ◽  
Polymer Hydrogels ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Poly Acrylamide

Abstract The application of superabsorbent polymer hydrogels in the oil and gas industry for reservoir and well management is gaining more traction. In this study, the swelling performance and adsorption kinetics of two commercial superabsorbent polymer hydrogels—poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) potassium salt and sodium polyacrylate—were evaluated based upon their stimuli response to pH and salinity at varying temperature and reaction time periods. Characterisation and evaluation of the materials were performed using analytical techniques—optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis and the gravimetric method. Experimental results show that reaction conditions strongly influence the swelling performance of the superabsorbent polymer hydrogels considered in this study. Generally, increasing pH and salinity concentration led to a significant decline in the swelling performance of both superabsorbent polymer hydrogels. An optimal temperature range between 50 and 75 °C was considered appropriate based on swell tests performed between 25 c to 100 °C over 2-, 4- and 6-h time periods. These findings serve as a guideline for field engineers in the use of superabsorbent polymer hydrogels for a wide range of oilfield applications. The study results provide evidence that the two superabsorbent polymer hydrogels can be used for petroleum fraction-saline water emulsions separation, reservoir zonal isolation, water shutoff and cement plugging applications. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals The conceptual sphere of the modern English pedagogical discourse

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Gayane R. Nersesyan
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role ◽  
Wide Scope ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Pedagogical Discourse ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Way

The given article investigates the conceptual sphere of the modern English pedagogical discourse. The purpose of the paper is presented by the identification of the main concepts of discourse and the ways they are verbalised by means of language. In order to meet the aim the author touches upon the main approaches to the notion “concept”, as well as the concepts already identified in the pedagogical discourse. The main research is represented by the linguacognitive, pragma-semantic, and discourse analyses of the English pedagogical discourse, represented by the authentic pedagogical articles, along with the identification of its main concepts which reflect a wide range of both social and pedagogical processes. The results of the analysis represent the English pedagogical discourse to be rather independent conceptual sphere showing its own features. The identified concepts TOLERANCE, MULTICULTURALISM, PROFICIENCY and LANGUAGE show the strong interconnection between current social phenomena and the pedagogical sphere affecting the way individuals explore the world. The actualization of these concepts becomes possible with the help of language that implements dominant lexemes, derivatives, synonyms, evaluation, and other language means to deliver the functional role of the English pedagogical discourse. The research allows us to conclude that this very type of the discourse, its conceptual sphere and complex pragmatic-communicative charge still represent a wide scope for further research that is yet to be conducted.

scholarly journals Event as Object: Towards a Flat-Event Theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-106
Author(s):  
Oksana Golovashina
Keyword(s):  
Current Theory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Event Theory ◽  
Spatial Factor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ideal Sphere ◽  
Object Oriented Ontology

In the article, the author offers an original version of the solution to the problem of the atomicity of social events. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that it is indivisibility that makes it possible to distinguish an event from other social phenomena/processes. From the author’s point of view, the event must have a certain duration, which is atomic. As the first step, the author, relying on a wide range of sources that include the views of various theorists, considers the problem of the indivisibility of social events in the current theory of events. The author notes that logical-semantic interpretations of the indivisibility of events have become more widespread than the statement of ontological atomicity. Furthermore, the author dwells, in detail, on the interpretation of atomicity by observation. Analyzing the views of D. Davidson, A. F. Filippov, and others, the author proves that in the case of atomicity, by observation: (1) the criteria for this atomicity are rather blurred; (2) the event is a consequence not only of the observer’s figure, but also of his system of distinction and motives; (3) the complexity may be related to the spatial factor; and 4) the event itself is confused with the fact. The author also believes that limiting social events only to what is available to the human eye is not in line with modern trends. Additionally, the author shows the productivity of understanding the event as an object. In contrast to the participants in discussions aimed at distinguishing an event and an object, the author uses object conceptualization offered by object-oriented ontology. Events, which as objects are capable of change while retaining their indivisibility and stability, can be associated not only with the material but also with the ideal sphere, and have a system of distinctions. The proposed scheme allows us to assert the impossibility of negative events, gives a reason not only to talk about the atomicity of the event but to also emphasize the ontological foundations of this atomicity, and also offers the possibility of thinking about the social beyond the observed.

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