scholarly journals Investigating Modern Students’ Self-actualization

Author(s):  
И.А. Бакушкин ◽  
И.М. Ильичева

В статье рассматриваются теоретические аспекты самоактуализации, которая в зарубежной и отечественной психологии представлена как реализация потенциала, стремление к самоосуществлению,непрерывное развитие духовного потенциала личности, особое восприятие мира, высокий уровень психического и психологического здоровья (Гозман, 1995), адекватная саморегуляция и самоуправление. Анализируются результаты эмпирического исследования самоактуализации студентов педагогического направления подготовки. Описываются особенности самоактуализации двух групп студентов. Представители первой группы только начинали воспринимать свою жизнь во всей полноте, проявляли зависимость, конформность, несамостоятельность «извне» направляемой личности, имеющей внешний локус контроля, только учились быть относительно независимыми в своих поступках, стремились руководствоваться в жизни собственными целями, убеждениями, установками и принципами, в отличие от представителей другой группы, воспринимающих свою жизнь как целостный процесс, «изнутри» направляемых самоактуализирующихся личностей, не враждебных к окружающим и групповым нормам, организующих свое поведение на основе личностных ценностных ориентаций. Представлены выявленные связи между различными проявлениями самоактуализации у выделенных групп студентов. С помощью корреляционного анализа у всех студентов были обнаружены значимые сильные положительные связи между поддержкой, ценностной ориентацией, гибкостью поведения и самоуважением; между ценностной ориентацией, самоуважением и синергией; между гибкостью поведения и контактностью; между самоуважением и самопринятием. Эти связи указывали на то, что чем сильнее было естественное соотнесение их поведения с ценностями и самооценкой своих возможностей, тем более независимыми от воздействия извне были поведение и ценности; чем выше была самооценка студентами своих возможностей и сильнее целостное восприятие мира, тем более проявлялись у них принципы и оценки, присущие самоактуализирующейся личности; чем более глубокими и тесными были эмоционально насыщенные контакты с окружающими людьми в процессе субъект-субъектного общения, тем сильнее поведение соизмерялось с ценностями; чем больше они принимали самих себя, тем выше была самооценка своих возможностей. The article treats theoretical aspects of self-actualization, which is viewed by Russian and foreign scholars as the realization of one’s potential, desire to accomplish one’s goals, continuous development of one’s spiritual potential, one’s unique perception of the world, one’s emotional and psychological well-being (Gozman, 1995), efficient self-regulation and self-control. The article analyzes the results of an empirical research of novice teachers’ self-actualization. It describes the peculiarities of self-actualization of two groups of students. The representatives of the first group were highly conformable and dependent on others, were easily controlled by external powers, had the external locus of control, were learning to be independent in their actions, were learning to be guided by their own principles and beliefs. The representatives of the second group treated their life as a comprehensive process, were affable and friendly, abided by social norms, were guided by their own moral values and principles. The authors use correlation analysis to identify the correlation between students’ self-respect and their behavioural flexibility, their system of values and the support they get, as well as the correlation between their system of values, their behavioural flexibility and synergy, between behavioural flexibility and communicability, between self-respect and self-perception. These correlations show that people who respect themselves, who display respectful behaviour and have strong values are less prone to feel externally imposed depression, are guided by principles of self-actualization. The correlations also show that close emotional contact with other people involves other people’s moral values and self-respect.

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
N.P. POLIVAEVA ◽  
◽  
A.R. BERENOV ◽  
A.P. SHUMAROV ◽  
◽  
...  

The purpose of the article is to present the results of a sociological survey on the formation of spiritual and moral values of cadet youth. The object of the study was the cadets of the Faculty of Law and Engineering and Technology, whose age ranged from 18 to 22 years. The representative sample, in addition to the age and profile of the faculty, also took into account such socio-demographic characteristics as gender. The key features of the spiritual potential of future officers of the Federal Penitentiary Service are revealed, in particular, the combination of adherence to traditional values with the strengthening of individualism, their own well-being and self-development. Such an important feature of youth perception of actual reality as a certain lack of a sense of security, fear of an increase in crime, unemployment and the possibility of war is recorded. The authors note that cadets are characterized by adherence to traditional life values, one way or another intertwined with a certain increase in individualism, their own well-being and self-development, which reflects modern global and Russian trends.


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Tudor Irimiaș ◽  
Giuseppe Carbone ◽  
Adrian Pîslă

The essence of social sciences is well encompassed in Green’s (2006) quote “People were created to be loved. Things were created to be used. The reason why the world is in chaos is because things are being loved and people are being used. ” For this reason, social sciences are important, as major research paradigm on how and why individuals interrelate. The aim of the actual research is to look for a conceptual approach activity, as part of a larger project focused on individual rehabilitation. The brain is trained to react to the stimulus and command a behavior. The premise, for the considered approach, is understanding the social sciences as revealing the individuals interests for self conscience, well being and moral values and drawing the line to it’s importance for governments authorities, policymakers or NGO’s.


2021 ◽  
pp. 136754942110557
Author(s):  
Kaisa Tiusanen

In the world of wellness, food and eating are fundamentally important to one’s subjectivity: the self in this sphere is created and maintained through food consumption along a plant-based, ‘wholesome’ and healthy personal journey to well-being. This article focuses on the analysis of wellness food blogs run by women, aiming to map out the technologies of the self through which the ‘ideal wellness subject’ is created. The analysis examines technologies of subjectivity as they aspire towards (1) balance, (2) healing and (3) narrativization of the self. The article suggests that the subjectivities related to wellness culture draw from postfeminist and healthist ideologies and are based on a neoliberal discourse of individuality and self-control. The sociocultural indifference of wellness culture and its prerogative to police the self through culturally hegemonic pursuits based on (the right kind of) consumption makes the language of wellness a prominent neoliberal discourse.


The article describes a research that aimed at deepening the understanding the personal experience organization. Individual experience is viewed from the standpoint of O. Laktionov's model, and it`s personal component is considered in detail. One of the parts of this component is the life-sense orientations, and the article analyzes the transformations of this phenomenon that took place from 2010 to 2017. The personal component of individual experience contains three aspects: the oneself interpretation, the others interpretation, and the world interpretation. The aspect of oneself interpreting as value contains self-esteem, self-regulation, and the self-concept; the aspect of others interpreting as compatible with the subject of experience - the self-concept and values; aspect of the world interpretation - the values ​​and life-sense orientations. The emphasis on the life-sense orientations within this article was made in view of the desire to find the most universal transformations of personal experience. In the course of the empirical study, a comparative analysis of the subjects studied by the life-sense orientations (the test of life-orientation of D. Leontiev) in 2010 and 2017 using the U-Mann-Whitney test. To maximize the consideration of factors that could potentially affect the characteristics of the personal experience organization, the analysis was conducted separately on a sample of students-psychologists and students-philologists. The total number of persons who participated in the study was 121 students of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (Kharkiv) and Donbass State Pedagogical University (Slovyansk). Socio-political change was recognized as one of the key determinants of the transformations under study. It was found that across the whole sample, compared to 2010, the level of expressiveness of meaningful life indicators, such as goal orientation, locus of control "I", locus of control of life, and overall meaningfulness of life, significantly decreased; at the same time, the level of result orientation was significantly increased. Psychological students are characterized by a significant decrease in goal orientation, locus of self control, locus of life control, and overall meaningfulness of life; as well as an increase in result orientation. Philological students are characterized by a significant decrease in the locus of control of life and the overall meaning of life.


1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Krampen

This paper presents the results of two studies on the promotion of personal self-regulation of development, personal control over development and development-related emotions as well as generalized locus of control and psychosomatic well-being in the elderly using autogenic training (AT), a psychophysiological self-control method using self-inductions of physical and mental relaxation. Subjects were 120 adults aged 66-80 years. Study I had a randomized cross-over design with a waiting list group; Study II had a randomized cross-over design comparing the effects of introductory courses on autogenic training and of a general health education program. Each program phase continued for 8 weeks, with one small group meeting per week. Tests were conducted in both studies before program start, during mid-program, after total program, and 6 months after the end of the program. Data were gathered on development-related emotions, personal control over development, personal self-regulation of development, psychosomatic complaints, and generalized locus of control. The results point towards short-term as well as long-term effects of autogenic training on these variables. Possible applications of autogenic training in gerontopsychology are discussed as well as its role in developmental intervention and its references to the action-theory oriented perspective in developmental psychology.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Tudor Irimiaș ◽  
Giuseppe Carbone ◽  
Adrian Pîslă

The essence of social sciences is well encompassed in Green’s (2006) quote “People were created to be loved. Things were created to be used. The reason why the world is in chaos is because things are being loved and people are being used. ” For this reason, social sciences are important, as major research paradigm on how and why individuals interrelate. The aim of the actual research is to look for a conceptual approach activity, as part of a larger project focused on individual rehabilitation. The brain is trained to react to the stimulus and command a behavior. The premise, for the considered approach, is understanding the social sciences as revealing the individuals interests for self conscience, well being and moral values and drawing the line to it’s importance for governments authorities, policymakers or NGO’s.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-81
Author(s):  
Emil Niti Kusuma

The aim of this study is to reveal what are the sources of meaning of life and what are the characteristics of meaning of life. The study was conducted on the subject of five fishermen in Menganti Beach, Kebumen, Central Java. This study imprints the phenomenology paradigm, especially the Interpretative Phenomenological Approach (IPA) which is useful to uncover the meaning of life of the fishermen. The findings in this study include: 1) sources of fishermen's life meaning that are structured in the form of creative values ​​(such as self-actualization, and structuring of the meaning of life), attitudinal values ​​(attitudes facing boundary situations, self-control, fortitude, courage), experiential values ​​( vertical self- transcendence, horizontal self-transcendence, related and well-being); 2) characteristics of the meaning of life of fishermen consisting of unique experiences, concrete results, meaning of life as a guide to direct life forward.


Author(s):  
Vladislav Dubrovsky ◽  

The relevance of the research lies in the need to develop self-regulation skills in law enforcement officers, since this category of employees often performs professional functions in extreme situations, including anti-pandemic measures. The research problem is the contradiction between the increase in physical, intellectual and emotional stress experienced by law enforcement officers in extreme professional situations, on the one hand, and the need for an objective assessment and self-regulatory behavior, on the other. The purpose of the study is to examine the sociological specifics of assessing self-regulatory behavior of law enforcement officers in extreme situations. The article includes the results of an empirical study conducted in 2020-2021 in the Belgorod region, which was attended by current law enforcement officers (n = 134) undergoing advanced training. The following methods were used: a questionnaire survey and a formative experiment were used to collect data; computer analysis of the Excel package and comparative analysis were used to process and analyze the obtained materials. The results of the study showed that mastering self-regulation skills allowed law enforcement officers to understand better the causes of stress, taught them self-control, and improved the quality of communication with colleagues and immediate supervisors. In addition, it was concluded that such indicators as general physical well-being, a decrease in the level of anxiety, irritability and aggression improved.


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
F C Kolchraiber ◽  
C L A Santana ◽  
L H Tanaka ◽  
E S Souza ◽  
I A S Mayer ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Social vulnerabilities influence the beliefs and practices of people about care, resulting in worse health rates, including those related to self-care. Multidimensional care and the complexity of social vulnerability converge to lack of health resources and human rights violations. In this context, how do people perceive practices that promote individual and collective well-being? Methods Using qualitative methods, theoretically based on the notion of care as a way of being-in-the-world, according to Leonardo Boff. We conduct 24 interviews with participants belonged to the Parelheiros region and from Non-Governmental Organizations, in a Center of Excellence in Early Childhood in São Paulo. For data collection, focus group technique was used with material transcribed, and analyzed with thematic content analysis. Results Two themes emerged (1) Meanings of self-care: related to sense of agency, self- perception and self-regulation (2) Practices to promote self-care: related to promote friendship, voluntary work, psychotherapies, spirituality, breathing exercise, emotional regulation and dialogue. Conclusions Social vulnerability sometimes normalize lack of self-care in people's daily lives and work, due to perpetual social injustice The perceptions of self-care are broad and plural, based on the concept of care as a particular way of being-in-the-world. These results have implications in the field of public health, with regard to teaching and health promotion practices, reflecting the living conditions of social subjects. Key messages The research contributes to reflection on how the vulnerable populations, especially in the contexts of social and political crisis, organize themselves to care for their own through self-care. Promotion of individual and collective well-being in social vulnerability scenarios is in line with Global Health and involves reflecting on sustainable interdependence to maintain life with equity.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Rojas Hernández

This article presents a macro theory of self-regulation: defensive and expansive self-regulation theory (DERT). It rests on two fundamental assumptions. First, it assumes the coexistence of two competing psychological systems: a defensive system motivated by the need for physical and psychological security, whose function is to protect the organism from harm to life and self, and an expansive system motivated by the needs for competence, relatedness and autonomy, whose function is the development of knowledge, skills, and social support. Second, DERT assumes a threefold distinction regarding consciousness, with psychological processes qualifying as either nonconscious, conscious or metaconscious. Based on the previous assumptions, the theory posits the coexistence of two self-regulatory modes: a defensive regulation, consisting of self-protective responses aimed at avoiding, escaping or fighting survival threats and self-threats, and an expansive regulation, consisting of non-defensive metaconsciousness of one’s psychological states and processes. Defensive regulation is assumed to be generally adaptive in the context of survival threats but not in that of self-threats. What is called for in the context of self-threats is expansive regulation, namely non-defensive metaconsciousness of the identifications, evaluations and interpretations of self, others and the world that cause the self-threats in the first place. The theory predicts that defensive and expansive regulation of self-threats cause psychological distress and well-being, and negative and positive interpersonal relationships, respectively.


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