scholarly journals Development of a technology for producing organic fertilizers based on catalytic processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
Ye.B. Nikitin ◽  
◽  
T.I. Uryumtseva ◽  
B.A. Sharov ◽  
O.A. Slatvinskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Poultry Waste ◽  
Sodium Humate ◽  
Bird Droppings ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The article is devoted to the development of a technology for obtaining organic fertilizers from poultry waste based on biocatalytic processes. Currently, many poultry farms have become sources of environmental pollution, thereby causing serious environmental problems and economic and social damage. The problem of reliable protection of the natural environment from pollution by bird droppings is currently relevant. In the area of operation of large poultry farms, air pollution by microorganisms, dust, foul-smelling organic compounds, which are decomposition products of organic waste, as well as nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon oxides, is possible. Bird droppings contain acids, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, heavy metals. The content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium changes dramatically depending on the quantity and quality of the feed. Humic substances isolated from brown coal have a sufficiently high sorption activity and are used as cheap sorbents for solving a number of environmental problems in industry. These studies are aimed at minimizing the main disadvantage of the anaerobic digestion process, the low reaction rate, which leads to the need to create large-volume bioreactors. On the basis of the research carried out, a technology has been developed for obtaining organic fertilizers from poultry waste by the method of anaerobic fermentation of chicken manure with humidity at a temperature of 27 °C - 50 °C with the addition of sodium humate. The resulting fertilizer is intended for use in agricultural production, horticulture, floriculture, forestry, municipalities, in household plots in order to increase the yield and quality of crop production. For the developed technology, an application has been submitted for obtaining a Patent for the invention of the Republic of Kazakhstan «Method for producing organic fertilizers» (priority No. 2021-22818, dated July 13, 2021). The invention allows to significantly reduce the time of fermentation, to enrich the product with organic and mineral products contained in sodium humate, to convert the salts of heavy metals into an insoluble state, to improve the environmental friendliness of the method.

scholarly journals Agronomic Efficiency of Hybrids of Corn to Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Targeting Fresh Corn

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Cecília L. P. Resende ◽  
Leandro F. Damaso ◽  
Mylla C. R. Ávila ◽  
Daniel D. C. Carvalho ◽  
Patrícia G. S. Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Technological Level ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The One ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The efficiency and responsiveness agronomic to the main macronutrients is becoming increasingly important due to the risk of supply, since it is a finite resource. In addition, excess fertilizer decreases the quality of water and air. Thus, the objective of this work was to assess the corn hybrids in terms of their efficiency and responsiveness to nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), and identify the ones most suitable for fresh consumption, according to the product type and technological level to be adopted by the farmer. The randomized complete block design in a 10 × 3 (hybrids and doses) factorial scheme was adopted for the experiment, with three replications, for two season crops (2013/14 and 2014/15). Ten hybrids (2B512PW, 2B587PW, 2B707PW, 30F35HR, 30F53YH, AG1051, BRS1055, BM3061, P3646H e P3862YH) were used in isolation under low availability (without application) and partial, of N, P and K, in an isolated manner, also evaluated under the recommended dose, aiming at fresh consumption. The most efficient and responsive hybrid must first be identified in isolation, based on the availability it is subjected to and later, by its sale, focused on fresh consumption. The hybrids indicated for low availability (low technological level) were BRS1055 and 30F53YH, with respect to responsiveness or agronomic efficiency, the hybrid P3862YH was the one that presented the best performance and indicated for technological levels of medium to high, considering the classification obtained for the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for production vegetable corn.

scholarly journals The quality of bottom sediments in small water reservoirs located in agricultural watersheds

2021 ◽  
Vol 900 (1) ◽  
pp. 012016
Author(s):  
N Junakova ◽  
M Balintova ◽  
J Junak ◽  
E Singovszka
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Agricultural Watersheds ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Abstract Silting of water reservoirs by sediments detached through soil erosion is a serious water management problem. One of the solutions is direct application of sediments to the soil. The aim of the paper is to monitor the quality of bottom sediments taken from selected water reservoirs in the eastern Slovakia (Hervartov, Nižný Žipov, Byšta) and to evaluate their quality according to legislation. The results showed that the concentrations of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in sediments are higher than in soils taken from the vicinity of reservoirs.Simultaneously, it was confirmed that the sediment in the evaluated reservoirs meets the physicochemical parameters according to the Act No. 188/2003 Coll. for direct application to the soil.

scholarly journals Utilization of Fish Waste Processing as Compost Raw Material in Tambak Lorok Market

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 07004
Author(s):  
Ilga Mega Kusuma ◽  
Syafrudin ◽  
Bambang Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Fish Waste ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Fish waste needs to be a concern because the accumulation of fish waste will have environmental pollution. Therefore, research needs to be done to reduce the impact of environmental pollution. This study aims to treat fish waste which will be used as raw material for compost which is one of the efforts to reduce the accumulation caused by fish waste. The method used is survey, observation, and literature study. The composting process uses fish waste as a starter in the composting process. Before starting the composting is to separate fish waste from other wastes to facilitate the composting process. During composting the temperature conditions are maintained by reversing compost and color and odor changes are observed. The results showed that the levels of C-Organic; 51.7%, Nitrogen; 8.3%, Phosphor; 4.8%, and Potassium; 1.6%. From the results of C-Organic, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium tests, the levels were quite high compared to the quality of SNI compost, so compost from fish waste where the Tambak Lorok Market can be used as fertilizer.

scholarly journals Biofertilizers Enhance Quality of Onion

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1937
Author(s):  
Bojana Petrovic ◽  
Agnieszka Sękara ◽  
Robert Pokluda
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Crude Fibre Content

This investigation was conducted to determine the effect of organic fertilizers on the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, antioxidant activity, crude fibre, and zinc in two onion cultivars, Stuttgarter Riesen and Rote Laaer, during 2016, 2017, and 2018. In this research, the following treatments were used: B-Stimul (contains Azospirillum Tarrand et al., Azotobacter Beij., Bacillus Cohn, Chlorella vulgaris Beij., and Herbaspirillum Baldani et al.), EkoBooster 2 (contains biostimulators and mineral salts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) and Vermifit A (extract of compost of Californian earthworm). The results showed that the application of biofertilizers to onion resulted in the highest chlorophyll b content in 2017 in Stuttgarter Riesen. EkoBooster 2 positively affected crude fibre content in both cultivars, but only in 2016. Antioxidant activity was not significantly affected by the interaction of experimental factors. The application of the biostimulating fertilizers can have a positive impact on the quality parameters of onion, but the kind of fertilizer must be suited to seasonal conditions and the cultivar.

scholarly journals Comparison of logistic, energy and exploitative parameters of compost and manure application by spreaders

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S33-S39
Author(s):  
Souček Jiří ◽  
Pražan Radek ◽  
Roy Amitava ◽  
Plíva Petr ◽  
Jelínek Antonín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Lower Volume ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

This article deals with comparison of composts and manure use from the viewpoint of handling, transport and application on agricultural land. The published values were established by measurements under working conditions and afterwards converted on the basis of the content of nutrients defined in laboratory. Compost contained a greater share of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and had higher dry matter content and lower volume weight. Direct consumed energy expressed by recalculation of the consumed diesel fuel in case of composts moved from 5.12 MJ/kg (potassium) up to 16.19 MJ/kg (phosphorus). In case of manure it was higher and moved from 10.49 MJ/kg (nitrogen) up to 29.79 MJ/kg (phosphorus). The greatest share in energy consumption occupies transport, which was considered uniformly at the distance of 5 km. The study confirmed the feasibility of use of compost in agriculture as a partial substitute of conventional organic fertilizers; for its handling, transport and application the standard mechanization used for manure may be utilized.

Effects of a Windstorm and Forest Fire on Chemical Losses from Forested Watersheds and on the Quality of Receiving Streams

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Schindler ◽  
R. W. Newbury ◽  
K. G. Beaty ◽  
J. Prokopowich ◽  
T. Ruszczynski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Forested Watersheds ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

A severe natural windstorm followed by a high intensity forest fire caused significant increases in runoff and in losses of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from two small Precambrian watersheds. Both the windstorm and the fire had significant effects on water and chemical yields. Water yields in the two basins were 1.6 and 1.8 times the pre-impact means, respectively, in the year after the burn. Maximum chemical losses were observed for nitrate, with values of 3.4 and 9 times the pre-impact means for the two basins in the year after the burn. Increases in annual yields of most chemical parameters were 1.1 to 2.9 times the background. Both increased concentrations and increased flow volumes appear to be responsible for the increased nutrient losses.Key words: forest fire, windstorm, stream water quality, phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium losses, water yield

scholarly journals Soil Quality Engineering Using Vermicompost and its Effect on the Corn (Zea mays L.) Production in Coastal Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Riwandi Amir Diny ◽  
Hasanudin Hasanudin ◽  
Herry Gusmara ◽  
Anandyawati Anandyawati
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The low quality of Entisol is caused by low availability of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium as well as low soil pH, so the addition of vermicompost is necessary. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vermicompost application on soil quality and to obtain the highest vermicompost dosage on the availability of nutrients such as N, P, K, and the yield of corn. The field experiment used a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with 7 dosages of vermicompost and three replications. The treatments were V0 = 0; V1 = 5; V2 = 10; V3 = 15; V4 = 20; V5 = 25; V6 = 30 Mg ha-1. Variables observed consisted of 1) initial soil and vermicompost characterization analysis, 2) soil analysis and N, P, and K content in leaves, and yield of corn. The results showed that Entisol was classified as low quality; however, vermicompost quality complied with the requirements of quality organic fertilizer. The experiment also indicated that the highest pH of Entisol (5.31) and K content in corn leaves (2.12%) were obtained at a dose of vermicompost 25 Mg ha-1. Meanwhile, the highest weight of husked corn cobs (415.55 g plant-1) and weight of unhusked corn cob (351.11 g plant-1) were obtained at a vermicompost dose of 15 Mg ha-1.

scholarly journals New perspectives of biogas use

2021 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 01017
Author(s):  
Lyubov Zazykina ◽  
Valentin Gusev
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Secondary Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Poultry Waste ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
The Past ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Poultry Farms

The article is a comparison of existing facilities for processing poultry waste into bio energy. Currently, poultry farms have difficulties selling their secondary production, because only some of them have land plots. Thus, according to the statistics, the use of organic fertilizers in Russia decreased by seven times over the past 20 years, and now only 0.9–1.3 tons of waste are used per 1 ha of sowing. Meanwhile, poultry population has not decreased, so this waste is not disposed properly. The most crucial task for modern managers is to neutralize and rational use waste, making recycling at the poultry farms. This problem can be solved only by taking into account social and economical consequences, when making economic decisions. Consequently, such a method of decision-making could improve the farms’ competitiveness will be enhanced by using secondary production (particularly poultry waste) as biogas.

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