scholarly journals ATMOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES IN THE AIRFLOW AROUND MOUNTAINS AND THE PROBLEM OF FLIGHT SAFETY IN THE MOUNTAINS OF THE REPUBLIC OF ADYGEYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 136-142
Author(s):  
Murat K. Bedanokov ◽  
Roza B. Berzegova ◽  
Saida K. Kuizheva
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Windward Side ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
S Wave ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Wave Disturbances ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
The Republic

This article considers airflow around mountain systems as a meso-scale atmospheric phenomenon. It presents a non-linear stationary dimensional theoretical model of the airflow of the North-West Caucasus Mountains, taking into account characteristics of a real mountain terrain. The article further discusses the results of the calculations of the speed field of the airflow and general regularities of the origin and the scale of the rotary-wave deformation of the airflow over the mountains. The calculation results have shown that for the model scenario I at wind speed U=15 m/s the disturbances are the most intense over the ridge crests, where they are characterized by the zone with rotors. The total length of the rotor zone downwind is more than the length of its nucleus and is close enough in value to the extent of the lee part of the terrain (downwind from the main top). The area of maximum amplitudes is located in the windward side of the rotor zone. These amplitudes are several times higher than the maximum height of the mountains. For the model scenario II (U=19 m/s) wave disturbances slightly increased in length downwind, but minimally changed in amplitude. The rotary zone changed and moved downstream. The model scenario III (U=22 m/s) is accompanied by sharp transformation of the rotor zone. Closed vortices disappear; there is no purely vertical and backward motion. The flow over the mountain greatly smoothed, and the rotor area completely disappeared. Flight safety indicators over the mountains of the Republic of Adygeya for two types of aircrafts (light-engine and speed) were calculated on the basis of the obtained data. In certain conditions, flights for both high-speed and single-engine aircrafts can be considered dangerous

scholarly journals Psychiatry in Ireland

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahid Latif
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Republic

Ireland is the third largest island in Europe and the twentieth largest island in the world, with an area of 86 576 km2; it has a total population of slightly under 6 million. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and to the west of Great Britain. The Republic of Ireland covers five-sixths of the island; Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom, is in the north-east. Twenty-six of the 32 counties are in the Republic of Ireland, which has a population of 4.2 million, and its capital is Dublin. The other six counties are in Northern Ireland, which has a population of 1.75 million, and its capital is Belfast. In 1973 both parts of Ireland joined the European Economic Community. This article looks at psychiatry in the Republic of Ireland.

scholarly journals Ecological-taxonomic analysis of the petrophyte flora of Ikhrek (Rutulsky district) surroundings of Republic of Dagestan

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Agarza Medzhidovich Khalidov
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Environmental Groups ◽  
North West ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Mountain Country

The study of petrophytes, as a peculiar group of plants, is important for understanding the history of the flora and nature in general. Their ecological characteristics, taxonomic composition, geographic and genetic relationships and other characteristics carry information about the stages of development of the mountain country and its flora. Rutulsky district is a part of Highland Dagestan and borders on the Republic of Azerbaijan in the South, Akhtynsky and Kurakhsky districts in the East, Tlyaratinsky and Charodinsky districts in the North-West, Kulinsky, Agulsky and Laksky districts of the Republic of Dagestan in the North. The relief of Highland Dagestan, which is the area of our research, is characterized by a large slope, stony and rocky mountains. The following paper contains taxonomic, biomorphic, ecological analyses of petrophyte complexes of the studied area and an analysis of endemism and relict flora of petrophytic complexes. Herbarium material has helped to find the dominant family, genera and species of petrophyte complexes of the area. Biomorphic and environmental groups of petrophyte complexes have been studied. Confinement of petrophytes to different environmental conditions has been established. Endemic, relict and protected species of petrophyte complexes have been identified.

scholarly journals Validation and Verification of Semi-Empirical Methods for Evaluating Liquefaction Using Finite Element Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 02028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soukaina Touijrate ◽  
Khadija Baba ◽  
Mohamed Ahatri ◽  
Lahcen Bahi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Empirical Methods ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
North West ◽  
Cone Penetration Tests ◽  
The North ◽  
Semi Empirical

Liquefaction is a hazardous and temporary phenomenon by which a soil saturated with water loses some or all of its resistance. The undrained conditions and a cyclic load increase the pores water pressure inside the soil and therefore a reduction of the effective stress. Nowadays many semi-empirical methods are used to introduce a proposition to evaluate the liquefaction's potential using the in-situ test results. The objective of this paper is to study their ability to correctly predict the liquefaction potential by modelling our case using finite element methods. The study is based on the data of Cone Penetration Tests experimental results of the Casablanca-Tangier High-Speed Line exactly between PK 116 + 450 and PK 116 + 950 and near of Moulay-Bousselham city. It belongs to the Drader-Soueir basin region which is located in the North-West of Morocco. This region had a specific soil’s formation, the first 50 meters are characterised by the existence of sand layers alternating with layers of clay. These formations are very loose and saturated which suggests the possibility of soil liquefaction. We present and discuss the results of applying the Olsen method [1], the Juang method [2] and the Robertson method [3], in the evaluation of liquefaction susceptibility. Apart from the previous empirical analysis to evaluate the liquefaction potential, numerical modelling is performed in this study.

Seismotectonics of the Ionian-Akarnania Block (IAB) and Western Greece deduced from a local seismic deployment.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Haddad ◽  
Athanassios Ganas ◽  
Ioannis Kassaras ◽  
Matteo Lupi
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Velocity Model ◽  
Focal Mechanisms ◽  
Seismogenic Zone ◽  
The South ◽  
S Wave ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Western Greece

<p>From July 2016 to May 2017, we deployed a local seismic network composed of 15 short-period seismic stations to investigate the ongoing seismotectonic deformation of Western Greece with emphasis on the region between Ambrakikos Gulf (to the north) and Kyparissia (to the south). The network was deployed to investigate the behavior of key crustal blocks in western Greece, such as the Ionian-Akarnania Block (IAB).</p><p>After applying automatic P- and S- wave phase picking we located 1200 local earthquakes using HypoInverse and constrained five 1D velocity model by applying the error minimization technique. Events were relocated using HypoDD and 76  focal mechanisms were computed for events with magnitudes down to M<sub>L</sub> 2.3 using first motion polarities.</p><p>We combined the calculated focal mechanisms and the relocated seismicity to shed light on the IAB block boundaries. Three boundaries highlighted by previous studies were also evidenced :</p><p>-The north-west margin of the block, the Cephalonia Transform Fault, Europe‘s most active fault. NW-striking dextral strike-slip motion was recognized for this fault near the Gulf of Myrtos and the town of Fiskardo.</p><p>- The south-east margin is the Movri-Amaliada right-lateral Fault Zone, activated during the Movri Mt. M<sub>w</sub> 6.4 earthquake sequence.</p><p>- The Ambrakikos Gulf (a young E-W rift) and the NW-striking left-lateral Katouna-Stamna Fault zone depict the north and north-eastern margins of the IAB block.</p><p>Seismicity lineaments and focal mechanisms define theKyllini-Cephalonia left-lateral fault, which is also highlighted by bathymetry data. We interpret this fault as the south-western margin of IAB separating an aseismic area observed between Cephalonia and Akarnania from a seismogenic zone north of Zakynthos Island and bridging NW Peloponnese with Cephalonia.</p>

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL - PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FODDER PLANTS USED TO PREVENT DESERTIFICATION IN THE CHUST-PAP ADYRS OF THE FERGHANA VALLEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6(75)) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Otabek Normirzoyevich Imomov ◽  
Turakhon Uzakovna Rakhimova ◽  
Saidmakhmud Mirzaev
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Anthropogenic Influences ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
North West ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Fodder Plants ◽  
Ferghana Valley ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Local Plants

Adyrs of Chust-Pap, located in the north-west of the Ferghana Valley of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the process of desertification due to anthropogenic influences has been observed over the past 35-40 years. This process was confirmed by scientists, and evidence was provided. The aim of this study was to analyze the threeyear data on the parameters of the water regime in the conditions of rainfed cultivation of such local plants as Salsola orientalis S. G. Gmel., Kochia prostrata (L) Schrad. subsp. grisea prat. Subsp. nov., Krascheninnikovia ewersmanniana (Stschegl. ex Losinsk.) Grubov., Artemisia sogdiana Bge., used in the restoration of plant communities. A scientific basis has been created for the propagation of species to prevent desertification, that adapted to the region and common in natural ecosystems.

scholarly journals Rupture process of the 2014 Orkney earthquake, South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4B) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Okubo Makoto ◽  
Artur Cichowicz ◽  
Hiroshi Ogasawara ◽  
Osamu Murakami ◽  
Shigeki Horiuchi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Rupture Process ◽  
Gold Mine ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Aftershock Distribution ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Initial Rupture

An earthquake has occurred at 10:22:33 UT on 5 August 2014 in the Klerksdorp district, the North West province of South Africa. Its hypocenter is located beneath an Orkney town, where more than 10 gold mines exist. The Council for Geoscience (CGS) in South Africa reported that the magnitude and depth was ML5.5 and 4.7 km, respectively. CGS has been operating 17 surface seismic acceleration stations with 10 km interval in average, and obtained continuous acceleration seismograms through the time of the earthquake and following aftershocks. Using these seismograms, we analyzed the mainshock rupture process of this earthquake. Analyzing these seismograms, we found the ‘initial rupture’ with a Richter scale approximately 4 has occurred 0.3 sec before mainshock. Furthermore, by applying detailed aftershock distribution analysis, we found most of aftershocks occurred surrounding upper and southern part of mainshock rupture area, including initial rupture hypocenter. In order to understand detailed rupture process of this event, we surveyed for strong motion generating area (SMGA) of mainshock by applying Isochrones backprojection method (IBM) to the mainshock S wave waveforms. SMGA distribution seems to fill the vacant space of the aftershock distribution and initial rupture’s hypocenter. And we also found that a horizontal layered seismic vacancy exists between aftershocks with gold mine blastings. This fact implies mainshock rupture did not extent up to gold mine.

scholarly journals Persians-Khurramites in the Byzantine Military Service During 833–839/840: Military Rank and Functions of Persian Military Units

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-221
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Mekhamadiev
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Event History ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Military Campaigns ◽  
The Republic ◽  
East Azerbaijan ◽  
Military Rank ◽  
Military Units

Introduction. The scope of this paper is 1) to consider the forms of military service of the Persians within the Byzantine army during the first half of the 9th c., 2) to arrange the chronological order of events related to the involvement of the Persians in Byzantine military service as precisely as possible. The author means the Persians called Khurramites who were representatives of the anti-Islamic and anti-Arabic national movement at the north-west of Iran (territories of modern provinces of East Azerbaijan and Khamadan in the Republic of Iran). Methods. The author considers the single events (Byzantine military campaigns, in which the Persians took part, and also the facts of Persians’ arriving in Byzantium) in a more or less strict chronological order. The researcher turns to an analysis of event history and makes a step-by step, consecutive representation of the process of Persians’ arriving to Byzantine military service. The sources were works of Arabic, Armenian, Georgian and Greek authors (chroniclers, geographers, hagiographers) and seals (evidence of sigillography). Analysis. In 833/834 Byzantine Emperor Theophilos received a group of Persian refugees, who escaped from the Arabs and came to Byzantium. These Persians were headed by two chiefs, Theophobos and Naser, obviously, Naser was Theophobos’ father. Part of the Persians with Naser as a chief located in the Byzantine theme (a military-administrative and territorial district) of Anatolikoi, while another part subordinated to Theophobos located in the theme of Armeniakoi. In 837 Theophilos hosted another group of the Persians, who were commanded by Babek. Conclusions. The analysis shows that both in 833/834 and 837 Theophilos established regular military units of the Persians called thourmai, while Persian leaders mentioned above became Byzantine military officials, that are tourmarchoi, i.e. that were those Persian leaders who commanded over Persian ethnic tourmai. These ethnic units continued their existence up to the mid-10th c.

scholarly journals Forest opening with a secondary road network

2013 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
Milorad Danilovic ◽  
Darko Ljubojevic
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Fish Bone ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Maximum Slope ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Secondary Network ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sloping Terrain ◽  
Gps Devices

This paper presents the results of an analysis of the position and density of a secondary road network in the group-selection management system. The research was conducted in the economic unit Prosara in the north west of the Republic of Srpska. The network of skid roads in the analyzed sections was recorded using the GPS devices Garmin GPS 60 and Garmin Map 62st, and the analysis software package used was ESRI ArcInfo 10.1. Adhering to the general guidelines, the slope of skid roads was analyzed within six predefined intervals: 0-12 %, 12-16 %, 16-20 %, 20-30 %, 30-40 % and over 40%. Relative openness with a secondary road network was determined for a maximum distance between the skid roads of 130m and it ranged from 82.62 % to 96.37 %. Such openness was classified as very good and excellent. Together with all factors related to stand and terrain characteristics, it appears that in all the compartments, the density of the secondary network of skid roads is adequate for the application of a skidder with a winch, without extending above the maximum length of the winch rope. Out of the total length of analyzed skid roads, 24% is within an appropriate slope interval for a planned conversion to truck roads, whereas 37 % is the maximum slope from the ecological point of view. The average terrain slope for the whole analyzed area is 26.4%. Such moderately sloping terrain is suitable for the construction of skid roads with low investment and small environmental impact. Due to their specific configuration, the main skid roads were designed along the ridge, while the secondary and tertiary skid roads most often separated from them at the maximum slope, forming an irregular fish bone shape.

New cryptogamic records. 8

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-516
Author(s):  
V. M. Kotkova ◽  
O. M. Afonina ◽  
T. Dejidmaa ◽  
G. Ya. Doroshina ◽  
O. V. Erokhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Siberia ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Taimyr Peninsula ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Experimental Botany ◽  
The Republic ◽  
North Ossetia ◽  
Nenets Autonomous

First records of silica-scaled chrysophyte alga for the Leningrad Region and North-West of European Russia, fungi for the Pskov and Novosibirsk regions, and the Republic of Tuva, myxomycetes for the Republic of Belarus, lichens for the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area and West Siberia, liverworts for the Kurgan Region, mosses for the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania, the Taimyr Peninsula, the Chukotka Autonomous Area, and the Kamchatka Territory from the North Koryakia are presented. The data on their localities, habitats, distribution, and specimens are provided. The specimens are kept in the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS (LE), the Herbarium of M. G. Popov at the Central Siberian Botanical Garden RAS (NSK), or the Herbarium of the Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany NAS of Belarus (MSK-F).

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