scholarly journals PROACTIVE CAR PARKING SYSTEM USING IOT

YMER Digital ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 468-474
Author(s):  
B Gomathi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
System Framework ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Parking Spot ◽  
Parking System ◽  
The Status ◽  
Detection Of Objects ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Empty Slot

Every City in India as well as other countries are moving towards the concept of Smart Cities. Increase in population is directly proportional to the increase in traffic and almost all cities are densely populated. This paper provides a novel approach of identifying the vehicles and appropriately redirecting them to parking slots This Proactive Car Parking System framework encompasses IOT module that is applied to screen and signalize the condition of accessibility of single parking spot. In addition to this it signals in case of empty slot and hence the driver of the vehicle need not waste time in searching the slot. The status on availability of parking is informed in advance and this in turn helps to avoid traffic. The IR sensor with Arduino is used for identifying slots. The proposed system is an embedded system where internet, Sensors, detection of objects and algorithms are used.

scholarly journals IoT Smart Parking System Based on the Visual-Aided Smart Vehicle Presence Sensor: SPIN-V

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis F. Luque-Vega ◽  
David A. Michel-Torres ◽  
Emmanuel Lopez-Neri ◽  
Miriam A. Carlos-Mancilla ◽  
Luis E. González-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
The Status ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
Vehicle Fleet ◽  
Smart Vehicle

Humanity is currently experiencing one of the short periods of transition thanks to novel sensing solutions for smart cities that bring the future to today. Overpopulation of cities demands the development of solid strategic plannings that uses infrastructure, innovation, and technology to adapt to rapid changes. To improve mobility in cities with a larger and larger vehicle fleet, a novel sensing solution that is the cornerstone of a smart parking system, the smart vehicular presence sensor (SPIN-V, in its Spanish abbreviation), is presented. The SPIN-V is composed of a small single-board computer, distance sensor, camera, LED indicator, buzzer, and battery and devoted to obtain the status of a parking space. This smart mobility project involves three main elements, namely the SPIN-V, a mobile application, and a monitoring center, working together to monitor, control, process, and display the parking space information in real-time to the drivers. In addition, the design and implementation of the three elements of the complete architecture are presented.

scholarly journals IoT Based Intelligent Vehicle Parking Solution System

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vedant Chauhan . ◽  
Shikhar Sharma . ◽  
Manju Khari .
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cloud Layer ◽  
City Development ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Sensor Layer ◽  
Parking Spot ◽  
Parking System ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Layer Cloud

With rapid increase in population in urban cities, availability of parking space is real issue. This parking issue lead to traffic and encroachment of roads for parking. With implementation of smart cities is real time development, smart parking is integral part of this development. Intelligent parking system describe in this paper solve the parking issue and fits in the smart city development, this system is based on cloud-based parking system where user is able to get location of parking spot with helps sensors network and cloud computing. The user is updated with real time data of available parking spot near their destination, and they can choose the spot according to their convenience. The main components of the system are sensor layer, hardware layer, cloud layer and application layer. The sensor layer is controlled by Arduino board or other system on chip which manages the data collected by sensors, this data is sent to cloud through hardware layer cloud layer manages the data accordingly and data is sent to users’ application on the reception of request through application. This interconnection of all the layers is main aspect of IoT (Internet of Things). This system will help user to get the spot in hassle free and quick way.

Contemporary Qur'anic Studies in Iran and its Relationship with Qur'anic Studies in the West

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-72
Author(s):  
Morteza Karimi-Nia
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
The West ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Religious Learning ◽  
The Status ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The status of tafsīr and Qur'anic studies in the Islamic Republic of Iran has changed significantly during recent decades. The essay provides an overview of the state of Qur'anic studies in Iran today, aiming to examine the extent of the impact of studies by Western scholars on Iranian academic circles during the last three decades and the relationship between them. As in most Islamic countries, the major bulk of academic activity in Iran in this field used to be undertaken by the traditional ʿulamāʾ; however, since the beginning of the twentieth century and the establishment of universities and other academic institutions in the Islamic world, there has been increasing diversity and development. After the Islamic Revolution, many gradual changes in the structure and approach of centres of religious learning and universities have occurred. Contemporary advancements in modern sciences and communications technologies have gradually brought the institutions engaged in the study of human sciences to confront the new context. As a result, the traditional Shīʿī centres of learning, which until 50 years ago devoted themselves exclusively to the study of Islamic law and jurisprudence, today pay attention to the teaching of foreign languages, Qur'anic sciences and exegesis, including Western studies about the Qur'an, to a certain extent, and recognise the importance of almost all of the human sciences of the West.

scholarly journals Roe Deer, Fallow and Sika

Oryx ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 388-391
Author(s):  
P. H. Carne
Keyword(s):  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Human Control ◽  
The Status ◽  
Almost All

Although roe deer, Capreolus capreolus, are at present fairly widely distributed in Britain, and in many areas are undoubtedly increasing and extending their range, their numbers and numerical trends vary greatly in different localities. It is, moreover, apparent that the status of the species, in given habitats, is conditioned by factors other than human control and the availability of adequate cover and keep. Relevant comparison may be made between the respective success and failure of attempts to reintroduce roe to Dorset and to Epping Forest. The increase of roe after their release near Milton Abbas, in Dorset, about the year 1800, was remarkably rapid and within a few decades they had become common in almost all suitable localities in the county. During the two world wars, particularly the 1939–1945 war, they suffered heavy casualties at the hand of farmers and others, yet in the opinion of many observers roe actually increased in Dorset during these periods.

scholarly journals Embedded System Based Power Plant Monitoring and Controlling

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
J S Ashwin ◽  
N Manoharan
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
The Status ◽  
Level Sensor ◽  
Plant Monitoring

An embedded based power plant system is used for checking the environmental condition based on different sensor. The microcontroller is fixed inside the boiler which is a turbine, to monitor the status and the information is passed through GSM. In this project we proposed the main water tank supplies number of boilers. The water level is controlled by a water level sensor, each evaporator has two channels, one is delta other one is outlet and the channels' valves are controlled by some temperature sensors composed in each package. From the GSM modem, the user will get the present status of the boiler level by sending a radiator ID number as message. When the temperature inside the boiler exceed the threshold value it will indicate as a warning to the concerned authority person to take the immediate step.

scholarly journals Smart Parking with Fair Selection and Imposing Higher Privacy Constraints in Parking Owner and Driver Information

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Vivekanadam B
Keyword(s):  
Privacy Protection ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Bloom Filters ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Group Signatures ◽  
Parking Spot ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
Privacy Constraints

The use of private cars has enhanced the comfort of travel of individuals, but has proven to be a challenge for parking in congested downtown areas and metropolitans. This hike in the vehicle count has led to difficulty among the drivers to find a parking spot, exploiting resources and time. On the other hand, there are many idle private parking spots that remain inaccessible because of multiple reasons like unavailable owners, different open timings and so on. In order to prevent parking issues as well as to enable the use of private parking spots, smart parking applications that are easy to use by the drivers will prove to be highly effective. However, most parking lot owners and drivers face the threat of privacy which affects their willingness to participate while many others are located in a centralized location where the presence of malicious users is in plenty. In this proposed work, we have introduced a smart-parking system that is based on blockchain exhibiting qualities of privacy protection, reliability and fairness. To protect the privacy of users, vector-based encryption, bloom filters and group signatures are also insisted. This has helped us establish a more reliable smart parking system coupled with fair operation for smart contact. Experimental analysis of the real-world dataset indicates that the proposed work operates with high efficiency, establishing privacy protection, reliability and fairness.

scholarly journals Ethical issues on artificial intelligence in radiology: how is it reported in research articles? The current state and future directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. e513
Author(s):  
Tomasz Piotrowski ◽  
Joanna Kazmierska ◽  
Mirosława Mocydlarz-Adamcewicz ◽  
Adam Ryczkowski
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Ethical Status ◽  
The Status ◽  
Clinical Questions ◽  
Almost All

Background. This paper evaluates the status of reporting information related to the usage and ethical issues of artificial intelligence (AI) procedures in clinical trial (CT) papers focussed on radiology issues as well as other (non-trial) original radiology articles (OA). Material and Methods. The evaluation was performed by three independent observers who were, respectively physicist, physician and computer scientist. The analysis was performed for two groups of publications, i.e., for CT and OA. Each group included 30 papers published from 2018 to 2020, published before guidelines proposed by Liu et al. (Nat Med. 2020; 26:1364-1374). The set of items used to catalogue and to verify the ethical status of the AI reporting was developed using the above-mentioned guidelines. Results. Most of the reviewed studies, clearly stated their use of AI methods and more importantly, almost all tried to address relevant clinical questions. Although in most of the studies, patient inclusion and exclusion criteria were presented, the widespread lack of rigorous descriptions of the study design apart from a detailed explanation of the AI approach itself is noticeable. Few of the chosen studies provided information about anonymization of data and the process of secure data sharing. Only a few studies explore the patterns of incorrect predictions by the proposed AI tools and their possible reasons. Conclusion. Results of review support idea of implementation of uniform guidelines for designing and reporting studies with use of AI tools. Such guidelines help to design robust, transparent and reproducible tools for use in real life.

scholarly journals The Phenomenon of Digital Labour Platforms

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-229
Author(s):  
Andrzej Marian Świątkowski
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All

In all EU Member States the status of people employed on job platforms is not fully legally regulated. It is necessary to consider the sources of the contemporary phenomenon of electronic employment, which is not amenable to legal regulation in the Union constituting an “area of freedom, security and justice with respect for fundamental rights” (Art. 67 (1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union). The right to work in decent conditions, with adequate remuneration, belongs to this category of rights. In the discussion on employment platforms state authorities are more inclined to consider issues related to new technologies, processes and changes caused by the development and application of modern digital technologies (digitization) in almost all areas. The headquarters of trade unions mainly discuss the legal position of employees and the role of employment platforms in employment relations in the post-industrial era. Entrepreneurs and their organizations, including private institutions and employment platforms, are interested in equal treatment by national legislators in local labour markets. They are afraid of the breach of the balance favorable to their own economic interests, caused by the public interest in the possibility of using employment in atypical forms of employment. Services consisting in employment provided under employment platforms are incomparably cheaper than identical work performed by employees employed under employment contracts.

scholarly journals Transaksi E-Commerce dalam Perspektif Islam

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annisa Dwi Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Credit Card ◽  
Payment System ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Status ◽  
Almost All

Abstract: The development of technology flows is increasing. The internet, which was initially used by several groups as a medium for the transformation of scientific and academic data, has now been used in almost all aspects of people's lives, including e-commerce transactions. E-commerce transactions are transactions carried out without meetings between parties. By using e-commerce, many reservations are obtained from the seller or buyer. The convenience offered doesn't mean it doesn’t rise the problems. For Muslims, understanding the status of e-commerce transactions is important. E-commerce accepts payments with bai’s-salam, which is about non-related transactions and the suspension of goods for payments that have been hastened. It's just that if on Bai 's-Salam a face-to-face meeting is held for the implementation of sighat, it is different with e-commerce that communicate only through chat. E-commerce is permitted in Islam with a note that there is no riba ',gharar, maisir, etc. Therefore, if it is approved by the payment system on e-commerce, it is asked not to use a credit card to avoid riba’.الملخص: يشهد تطوير تدفقات التكنولوجيا زيادة هائلة. يستخدم الإنترنت في جميع جوانب حياة الناس تقريبًا ، بما في ذلك معاملات التجارة الإلكترونية، معاملات التجارة الإلكترونية هي معاملات تتم بدون اجتماع بين الطرفين .باستخدام التجارة الإلكترونية، الكثير من السهولة حصلت من البائع أو المشتري. يتم تقديم التسهيلات المقدمة. التسهيلات المقدمة لايمكن تسبب مشاك. معلومات المسلمين عن حالة المعاملة التجارة الإلكترونية شيء مهمة. التجارة الإلكترونية مثل بيع السلام هي عن العناصر فى المعاملات وتأخير القبض دفعت مقدما. إذا كان بيع السلام يتم عقد اجتماع وجها لوجه في تنفيذ سيغات تختلف عن التجارة الإلكترونية استخدام التواصل مع الدردشة. التجارة الإلكترونية مباحات في الإسلام مع ملاحظة عدم وجود عناصر الربا والغرار والميسر وغيرها لذلك ، إذا كانت مرتبطة بنظام دفع في التجارة الإلكترونية المستحسن عدم استخدام بطاقة الائتمان لتجنب الربا.. Abstrak: Perkembangan arus teknologi mengalami peningkatan yang masif. Internet yang pada awalnya digunakan oleh beberapa kalangan sebagai media transformasi data ilmiah dan akademik, kini telah digunakan di hampir seluruh aspek kehidupan masyarakat, termasuk transaksi jual beli (e-commerce). Transaksi e-commerce merupakan transaksi yang dilakukan tanpa adanya pertemuan antar para pihak. Dengan menggunakan e-commerce, banyak kemudahan yang diperoleh baik dari pihak penjual maupun pembeli. Kemudahan yang ditawarkan bukan berarti tidak menimbulkan masalah. Bagi kaum muslim, mengetahui status dari transaksi e-commerce merupakan hal yang penting. E-commerce  memiliki kesamaan dengan bai’ as-salam yaitu mengenai unsur-unsur terjadinya transaksi serta adanya penangguhan barang untuk pembayaran yang telah disegerakan. Hanya saja, jika pada bai’ as-salam dilakukan pertemuan face to face untuk pelaksanaan sighat, berbeda halnya dengan e-commerce yang melakukan komunikasi via chatting. E-commerce diperbolehkan dalam Islam dengan catatan tidak adanya unsur riba’, gharar, maisir, dsb. Oleh karena itu, jika dihubungkan dengan sistem pembayaran pada e-commerce, maka dianjurkan tidak menggunakan kartu kredit guna menghindari terjadinya riba’.

scholarly journals Overview on Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act and its implementation: current update

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Dhwanit Thakore ◽  
Mahesh Chavda ◽  
Girish Parmar ◽  
Tejal Sheth
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Health Goal ◽  
The Status ◽  
Public Health Goal ◽  
Almost All

Tobacco use- a major public health issue in India has an enormous effect on the lower SES population. . There is an evident link between tobacco use or consumption and poverty. The widespread use of almost all forms of tobacco among the Indian population can be attributed to the social and cultural acceptance in the country. Cigarette and Other Tobacco Products Act, 2003 (COTPA) is the legislation that regulates tobacco in India. The prime objective of this review is to compile the literature with information about the laws regulating tobacco use and the status of implementation of tobacco control provisions covered under COTPA. Since effective tobacco control measures involve multi-stakeholders i.e public health, law, trade and commerce, industry, consumer, human rights and child development, coordinated efforts are required to successful enforcement. The outcome of the current literature is bridging the gaps to make the tobacco control a very important public health goal and thereby protect the population from the consequent morbidity and mortality due to tobacco use.

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