scholarly journals Environmental Governance through the Utilization of Waste Methane Gas into Renewable Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Thuerry Prak Sevann
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Processing ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
Rate Of Combustion

The purpose of this article is to examine the conversion of waste methane gas to renewable energy through environmental management. Processing organic waste is one kind of alternative energy that may be generated and regenerated. Garbage is a major issue for the majority of people, particularly the vast volume of market garbage. Waste processing and utilization technology is required. Implementing the 3R process of reduce, reuse, and recycle on fresh garbage not only generates useful goods, but also addresses the waste issue and generates revenue for those who wish to manage it. As a result, it is critical to evaluate the design of organic waste burners that convert methane gas to methane and to estimate the rate of combustion and heat produced by organic waste biogas

scholarly journals PENGARUH JUMLAH BAKTERI METHANOBACTERIUM DAN LAMA FERMENTASI TERHADAP PROPORSI GAS METANA (CH4) PADA PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH ORGANIK DI TPA SUWUNG DENPASAR

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
I. Putu Yudiandika ◽  
I Wayan Suarna ◽  
I Made Sudarma
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Processing ◽  
Gas Analyzer ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
Electric Generation ◽  
Gas Loss ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

EFFECT OF NUMBER OF METHANOBACTERIUM AND FERMENTATION DURATION TO METHANE (CH4) GAS PROPORTION IN ORGANIC WASTE PROCESSING IN SUWUNG TPA DENPASARA research has been conducted to find out the effect to the amount of methanobacterium bacteria and fermentation duration toward proportion of methana (CH4) at organic waste processing at TPA Suwung Denpasar. Methana gas produced from this organic waste will be processed become fuel of electric generation. From this study will be expected to get all methana gas that contained at the waste so that there is no methana gas loss to the atmosphere. This study was conducted by using 4 treatments that are without bacteria (B0), bacteria with number of population  106  CFU/ml (B1), bacteria with population of 107 CFU/ml (B2), and bacteria with population of 108 CFU/ml (B3). Each treatment conducted thrice (3) repeat. The four treatments conducted measurement of gas variable after fermentation during 0 week, 3 weeks, 5 weeks, 7 weeks and 9 weeks by uisng gas analyzer  GA 2000 Geotech. Data from study result then analyzed by using complicated factorial design (RAL). From ANOVA analysis shows there was significant bacteria number and fermentation duration toward proportion or procentage of methana gas resulted. The longer fermentation time takes place, the bigger the proportion of the methane gas produced.  However, the greater number of the bacteria population does not always produce bigger proportion of methane gas To find out the combination which could give best effect the researcher used Duncan test. The result of analysis from Duncan shows that combination at the ninth weeks by number of bacteria 107 CFU/ml giving best result that was percentage of methana gas is 55,10%.

Renewable Energy on Tribal Lands: A Feasibility Study for a Biomass-to-Energy Plant on the Cocopah Reservation in Arizona

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lauren K. D’Souza ◽  
William L. Ascher ◽  
Tanja Srebotnjak
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Energy Plant ◽  
Energy Projects ◽  
Alternative Investment

Native American reservations are among the most economically disadvantaged regions in the United States; lacking access to economic and educational opportunities that are exacerbated by “energy insecurity” due to insufficient connectivity to the electric grid and power outages. Local renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, and biomass offer energy alternatives but their implementation encounters barriers such as lack of financing, infrastructure, and expertise, as well as divergent attitudes among tribal leaders. Biomass, in particular, could be a source of stable base-load power that is abundant and scalable in many rural communities. This case study examines the feasibility of a biomass energy plant on the Cocopah reservation in southwestern Arizona. It considers feedstock availability, cost and energy content, technology options, nameplate capacity, discount and interest rates, construction, operation and maintenance (O&M) costs, and alternative investment options. This study finds that at current electricity prices and based on typical costs for fuel, O&M over 30 years, none of the tested scenarios is presently cost-effective on a net present value (NPV) basis when compared with an alternative investment yielding annual returns of 3% or higher. The technology most likely to be economically viable and suitable for remote, rural contexts—a combustion stoker—resulted in a levelized costs of energy (LCOE) ranging from US$0.056 to 0.147/kWh. The most favorable scenario is a combustion stoker with an estimated NPV of US$4,791,243. The NPV of the corresponding alternative investment is US$7,123,380. However, if the tribes were able to secure a zero-interest loan to finance the plant’s installation cost, the project would be on par with the alternative investment. Even if this were the case, the scenario still relies on some of the most optimistic assumptions for the biomass-to-power plant and excludes abatement costs for air emissions. The study thus concludes that at present small-scale, biomass-to-energy projects require a mix of favorable market and local conditions as well as appropriate policy support to make biomass energy projects a cost-competitive source of stable, alternative energy for remote rural tribal communities that can provide greater tribal sovereignty and economic opportunities.

CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIOGAS ENERGY IN UZBEKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 171-184
Author(s):  
Z. U. SAIPOV ◽  
◽  
G. A. ARIFDZHANOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Rural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Energy is one of the main pillars of the state’s economy, which is currently facing serious problems due to depletion of mineral energy resources and the threatening environment. As a result, presently around the world there is a rapid growth and development of energy-efficient technologies and the use of renewable energy sources (RES), providing an increase in energy resources, as well as environmental and social effects. One of the most relevant and promising areas of renewable energy development is the disposal and processing of organic waste in biogas plants, and this is particularly relevant in agricultural regions. In this regard, this paper considers the state and prospects for the development of bioenergy in agricultural regions of Uzbekistan, where half of the population of the republic lives. The potential of organic waste from livestock and poultry farming of the agricultural sector was determined, and it was revealed that the use of biogas plants for the disposal of manure and litter is clearly a profitable production and requires close attention from rural producers. The introduction of biogas technologies for the bulk of agricultural producers is an urgent task, that will ensure not only a solution to the waste problem, but it will also provide a solution to energy, agricultural, environmental and social problems in rural regions of the republic.

European Energy Security

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almas Heshmati ◽  
Shahrouz Abolhosseini
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
The European Union

This chapter reviews relevant literature on the current state and effectiveness of developing renewable energy on energy security in general, and on energy security in the European Union (EU) in particular. The chapter elaborates on primary energy import sources, possible alternatives, and how energy security is affected by the sources of supply. It also gives an analysis of the effects of the Ukrainian crisis, the isolation of Iran on diversification sources, and on European energy security. It examines EU’s energy policy, analyses the best motivation for a new energy policy direction within Europe, and suggests alternative solutions for enhanced energy supply security. The aim is to suggest suitable solutions for energy security in Europe through energy supply diversification. Supply diversification includes alternative energy corridors for reducing dependency on Russia as a supplier and enhancing the power generated by renewable energy sources under the European Union 2020 strategy.

POTENSI SUMBER BIOGAS BERBASIS TINJA PADA SUATU CLUSTER PERUMAHAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
As Zhu Ra ◽  
Sudarti ◽  
Yushardi
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Exhaust Pipe ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
The Future

Abstract: THE POTENTIAL OF BIOGAS SOURCES BASED ON REFERENCE IN A HOUSING CLUSTER. In the future there will be a shortage of fuel oil, as a result developed countries will begin to work on the management of use in replacing the problem of low fuel oil and shortage of LPJ gas in the future, one of which is to produce alternative energy using human waste as the basic material, usually called Bio- Gas / Bio-Fuel. However, the management system and processes still use septic tanks that absorb human waste. So the main material or human waste that can be made to generate alternative energy for general public needs, so that it is not wasted using existing disposal methods. This activity is an explanatory activity to describe the process of disposing of human waste in the process of the exhaust pipe equipment system for each house by accumulating it in the central disposal area for the fermentation process to produce methane gas which is converted into gas power to electricity. This invention is used to find out how to make biogas from human waste. The findings of the present invention show the addition of methane gas and a central septic-tank in several households. Key words: Energy, Alternative, Biogas, Human waste, Fermentation process, Biofuel Abstrak: Pada masa depan akan terjaddi kekurangan bahan bakar minyak, akibatnya wilayah negara maju memulai mengerjakan pengelolaan digunakan dalam menggantikan permasalahan sedikitnya BBM dan kekurangan gas LPJ pada masa depan nanti, salah satu yang dilakukan adalah memproduksi energi alternative dengan bahan dasar kotoran manusia biasanya dinamakan dengan Bio-Gas/Bio-Fuel. Akan tetapi, system pengelolaannya dan prosesnya masih menggunakan septik-tank yang meresap kotoran manusia. Jadi bahan utama atau limbah manusia yang sepatutnya dapat dibuat untuk penghasilan tenaga alternative untuk keperluan umum masyarakat, supaya tidak terbuang sia-sia menggunakan cara pembuangan yang ada. Kegiatan ini merupakan pada kegiatan eksplanatori berbuat untuk mendiskripsikan proses prosedur membuang kotoran manusia dalam proses system perlengkapan pipa pembuangan tiap-tiap rumah dengan dikomulatifkan di wardah pembuangan pusat untuk proses fermentasi untuk menghasilkan gas metana yang dirubah dalam tenaga gas ke listrik. Penemuan ini digunakan untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara membuat biogas dari kotoran manusia. Perolehan dari penemuan ini memperlihatkan penambahan gas metana dan sentral septik-tank pada beberapa rumah tangga. Kata kunci: Energi, Alternatif, Biogas, Kotoran manusia, Proses fermentasi, Biofuel

Is it attractive to invest in alternative energy? Evidence from a five-factor Fama-French model for regional DJSI and renewable stock indexes

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Garcia-Amate ◽  
Alicia Ramírez-Orellana ◽  
Alfonso A. Rojo Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Thomson Reuters

PurposeThis study aims to examine the attractiveness of the regional Dow Jones Sustainability Indexes (DJSI) and several renewable energy indexes during December 31, 2010 to December 31, 2019. This study uses a risk-return analysis and a set of explanatory factors. Lastly, this study conducts a comparative analysis of these indexes with conventional indexes. Design/methodology/approachThis study uses data from Eikon, a Thomson Reuters database. To analyze the indexes’ behavior, this study uses the indexes’ annual return as of December 31 for each year. Next, this study estimates the Fama and French’s five-factor model using an ordinary least squares regression for regional DJSI and renewable energy indexes. FindingsThe results show that regional DJSIs delivered returns both above and below conventional indexes. In contrast, renewable energy indexes had high betas and negative returns, making them unattractive to investors. Practical implicationsThe results imply the need for public financing programs that support the transition to a sustainable economy and reduce risk and increase the return on private investment. Social implicationsThis study provides insights for policymakers regarding the importance of sustainability indexes in the transition to a green economy. Originality/valueThis study contributes to the growing literature on Fama and French’s five-factor model of sustainability indexes, especially in the current context characterized by intense green political changes. In particular, this study complements the few studies that have addressed the economic implications of renewable energy indexes in markets.

scholarly journals Energy Sustainability Study of a Rural ICT Telecenter at the Bario Highland

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Omar Abdullah ◽  
Voon Chun Yung ◽  
Audra Anak Jom ◽  
Alvin Yeo Wee ◽  
Martin Anyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Simple Method

The eBario project has won the eAsia Award and the Mondialogo Engineering Award in 2004 and 2005 respectively for it’s successful implementation of an Information and Telecommunications Technology Center (ICT) and solar renewable energy-incentive rural community project at the Bario Highland of Sarawak, East Malaysia, Borneo (http://www.unimas.my/ebario/). Although solar photovoltaic (PV) energy has been opted for power generation at the ICT Telecenter for the past five years, there is still a need to investigate the cost-effectiveness of the current energy setup as well as to conduct sustainability study taking into account factors such as system efficiency, weather, costs of fuel, operating costs, as well as to explore the feasibility of implementing alternative energy resources for the rural ICT Telecenter. Recent theoretical study conducted has shown that renewable combined power systems are more sustainable in terms of supplying electricity to the ICT Telecenter, and in a more cost-effective way compared to a standalone PV system which is subject to the cloud and the recent dense haze problems. For that purpose, two combined power systems are being put into consideration namely PV-Hydro and PV-Hydro-Fuel Cell, where the total simulated annualized cost for these two system configurations are US$10,847 and US$76,010 respectively as far as the present location is concerned. The PVHydro-Fuel Cell produces electrical energy at the amount of 3,577 kWh/yr while the annual energy consumption is 3,203 kWhr/yr. On the other hand, PV-Hydro produces 3,789 kWhr/yr of electricity annually load which consumes energy at 3,209 kWhr/yr. Results thus obtained has shown that the PVHydro scheme is expected to have advantages over the existing PV standalone system. Firstly, it is more cost-effective. Secondly, it provides the best outcomes for the local indigenous community and the natural highland environments both for now and the future. Thirdly, it also able to relate the continuity of both economic and social aspects of the local society as a whole. As the combined PV-Hydro system had been chosen, plus for completeness purposes, the present paper also discussed the custom design and construction of a small waterwheel breast-shot hydro-generator, suited to the local location and existing water energy resources. Energy saving design calculations and Sankey diagram showing the energy flows for the new combined system are also given herein. Finally, the energy system performance equations and the performance curves introduced in this study provide a new simple method of evaluating renewable energy systems.

scholarly journals POTENSI ENERGI LISTRIK YANG DIHASILKAN DARI EMISI GAS METANA DI TPA SUWUNG PROVINSI BALI

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Putu Dian Paramitha Dewi ◽  
I Wayan Suarna ◽  
I Wayan Budiarsa Suyasa
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Methane Gas

Waste is one source of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) that has methane gas form which caused an early multi-dimensional, massive and complex problems. The rapid increase of garbage volume entering landfill, annually result a high garbage dumps in the Suwung Landfill area. It should have been considered a handing solution for example by converting the methane gas content in the waste into a useful value added product. The objective of this research is determining the amount of electrical energy that can be produced through methane gas emission at Suwung Landfill. The characteristic and composition of waste could give effect to the formation of methane emissions. The research on the composition and characteristic of waste were done by sorting 1 m3 of garbage sample from new garbage entering landfill. Garbage is divided based on the source of DLHK waste, market waste, and private waste. The volume of waste that went to Suwung Landfill in 2016 calculated 1.296.438 m3 which was dominated by organic waste (78,1%). The density of the waste that went into Suwung Landfill, based on the research's results, amounted to 135,09 kg / m3, there fore could be assumed that the weight of waste that went to Suwung Landfill in 2016 was 175.135,81 tons. Based on these data, the number of 136.785,13 tons of waste, which was organic waste, could increase the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere if this situation does not manage properly. Gravimeter method is using for measures the dry matter content value of waste. From the measurement, the results obtained the waste components that have the highest dry matter content is from rubber and leather garbage (76,52%) while the lowest dry matter is food waste (19,13%). By using calculations based on IPCC 2006, it was found that the amount of methane emissions could be generated by the waste at the Suwung Landfill in 2016, amounted to 3.535,06 tons. Based on the energy equivalence table, the electrical power that is generated from the potential methane emissions at the Suwung Landfill is 6,66 MW. Keywords: waste composition, waste characteristics, methane emissions, ipcc2006, electrical power.

scholarly journals PERSPECTIVES OF USING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF INCREASING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN EUROPE

10.23856/2705 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Lidiya Shergina ◽  
Alla Zhemba ◽  
Nataliia Revutska ◽  
Yulia Burma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Energy Independence ◽  
Ecological Type ◽  
Global Energy Consumption

The article is devoted to the issues of the functioning and development of energy in each country, caused mainly by the economic expediency of renewable energy and the requirements of energy independence. Also, the article examines the importance of replacing traditional fuels with alternative energy sources. The international experience of the countries in the field of efficient use of available natural resources of the fuel and energy complex and enhancement of the potential of the energy sector have been analyzed. A number of common characteristics and directions of energy efficiency improvement for European countries are highlighted. Alternative types of energy and measures necessary for their implementation have been offered. The potential resources of renewable energy sources have been analyzed. The article is devoted to the use of economical and ecological type of fuel - biofuel for Ukraine. On the basis of the analysis of the situation on the energy market, renewable energy is examine, which plays a compensatory role in global energy consumption in the conditions of growing exhaustion of non-renewable sources.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document