scholarly journals Internet court on solving online consumer contract disputes: Case of China

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-45
Author(s):  
J. Sang
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Online Behavior ◽  
Consumer Contract ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Internet Technologies ◽  
Litigation Process ◽  
Online Consumer ◽  
Judicial Method

The COVID-19 pandemic has deeply influenced people’s way of life. The need to comply with various social restrictions has posed new and previously unknown challenges to humanity. Internet here plays a significant role in helping to maintain people’s life as usual. As online behavior increases, many disputes arise therefrom grow simultaneously. It is proposed that international online disputes would be solved effectively if Internet technologies were referred to and adopted. Therefore, online litigation, a judicial method specially established to solve online disputes, provides an ideal alternative to the traditional litigation process in this regard. Such litigation can be operated through Internet courts (or cyber courts). Today the palm in their establishment belongs to China that has successfully introduce the world’s first three, and only, Internet courts. Thus, the Chinese experience has been chosen as the primary empirical support of the study on Internet courts. In this essay, a detailed review of the online litigation process will be analyzed using the example of the adopted rules and regulations for resolving disputes, as well as the judgements handed down by the Hangzhou Internet Court, the world’s first cyber court successfully resolving multiple online disputes over four years. The essay firstly reviews the current rules and procedures of Hangzhou Internet court; this would serve for a better understanding of how the world’s first Internet court is operated. After that, the essay discusses in what circumstances foreign courts can recognize and enforce Internet courts’ judgments. The essay ends up with giving personal recommendations on the future development of Internet courts to solve online consumer contract disputes.

scholarly journals Technological Revolutions and Stock Prices

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 1451-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľuboš Pástor ◽  
Pietro Veronesi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internet Technologies ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
High Uncertainty

We develop a general equilibrium model in which stock prices of innovative firms exhibit “bubbles” during technological revolutions. In the model, the average productivity of a new technology is uncertain and subject to learning. During technological revolutions, the nature of this uncertainty changes from idiosyncratic to systematic. The resulting bubbles in stock prices are observable ex post but unpredictable ex ante, and they are most pronounced for technologies characterized by high uncertainty and fast adoption. We find empirical support for the model's predictions in 1830–1861 and 1992–2005 when the railroad and Internet technologies spread in the United States. (JEL G12, L86, L92, N21, N22, N71, N72)

What about “U”? The influence of positive online consumer reviews on the individual's perception of consumption benefits

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 863-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca Hernandez-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Consumer Reviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Online Consumer Reviews ◽  
Functional Forms ◽  
Online Consumer ◽  
Positive Valence ◽  
Consumption Benefits

PurposeThis study examines the influence that the positive valence intensity of online consumer reviews (OCRs) has on the benefits that individuals perceive they have derived from consumption. A distinction is made based on whether the performance obtained during the consumption was high or low, that is, whether the product/service met the objectives set by the consumer.Design/methodology/approachThe study is a between-subjects experiment with two manipulations: the positive valence intensity of OCRs (highly positive vs neutral-indifferent) and the performance obtained by the consumer (high vs low). The manipulations were measured on 11-point Likert-type scales, the lowest perception being scored at 0 (strongly disagree) and the highest at 10 (strongly agree). A total of 249 useable questionnaires were returned.FindingsThe results demonstrated that the influence of positive OCRs on the consumer's perception of consumption benefits follows concave curvilinear functional forms for low performance (inverted U-shaped) and convex for high performance (U-shaped). Thus, highly positive OCRs not corroborated by performance lead to negative perceptions, whereas neutral-indifferent OCRs verified by performance create positive perceptions.Originality/valueThis study goes beyond the immediate influence of positive OCRs on purchases and argues that their influence remains important for the individual's final perception of the consumption benefits that she/he, in the event, received. In addition, the results of the present study show that OCRs are important reference points from which individuals make social judgments and comparisons during consumption. Finally, this study provides theoretical and empirical support to explain the U-shaped functional forms associated with the influence of OCRs.

scholarly journals The origin of money from the money-debt approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
Eduardo Garzón Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Support ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
The Other ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Conventional View ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Made In

There are two fundamental approaches to the nature and origin of money that are incompatible with each other: money-commodity and money-debt. The first one has occupied a hegemonic position in the academy —and so outside it— throughout history. On the other hand, the money-debt approach was developed in response to the conventional view, although it currently occupies a marginal place in the academic sphere and is barely known beyond it. Despite its low popularity, the unorthodox outlook of money-debt is much more useful in order to understand the origin and nature of money; and represents a much more accurate analytical framework to monetary phenomena. In this paper a detailed review of the origin of money from this less-known approach is made in order to demonstrate its analytical superiority against the hegemonic approach that suffers from significant theoretical inconsistencies and a lack of empirical support.

Data Mining and Heuristic Algorithm for Electronic Commerce

2010 ◽  
Vol 143-144 ◽  
pp. 472-476
Author(s):  
Guo Can Ren
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Heuristic Algorithm ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Delivery Cost ◽  
Intention To Purchase ◽  
The Future ◽  
Online Consumer ◽  
Main Barrier

Electronic commerce is becoming increasingly important in business, but lack of intention to purchase has become a main barrier in the development of electronic commerce. Thus, effective measures are needed to promote consumers’ intentions to purchase in online consumer to consumer stores. This paper will discuss issues about goods delivery cost and delivery quality in E-commerce. According to the result of research, the paper predicts the future development trend of China E-commerce.

scholarly journals Civil Procedure and Practice: Recent Developments

1969 ◽  
pp. 909
Author(s):  
Glen H. Poelman ◽  
Eugene J. Bodnar
Keyword(s):  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Civil Litigation ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Litigation Process ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Judicial Treatment

This article provides a comprehensive and detailed review of recent changes to civil procedure and practice, and particularly how these changes are affecting the way in which civil litigation is conducted. The authors' commentary is focused on the practice and procedure of civil litigation within the province of Alberta as well as emerging trends. With the rapid rate of change to the rules respecting civil actions that has been experienced in the recent past, and with prospective changes in the immediate future, the authors have amalgamated both into their summary. The article looks at how recent changes to the Alberta Rules of Court have been examined and given judicial treatment by the courts in Alberta. By means of a review of recent cases, a multitude of elements of the civil litigation process, including pleadings, interlocutory applications, evidence, costs, and the new summary trial rules, are examined in respect to these recent changes. Included is also a review of the proposed new rules relating to discovery of documents that are soon expected to be in force.

What Motivates Young Technology-Literate Consumers in Densely Populated Areas?

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narasimha Rao Vajjhala ◽  
Kenneth D. Strang
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Online Behavior ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Online Consumer Behavior ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Technology Services ◽  
Online Consumer

In this chapter, the authors analyze the cultural, technological, and psychological factors that influence online young technology-literate consumer behavior in a densely populated urban area. This chapter starts with a literature review of factors that can explain the online behavior of people from various demographic and cultural backgrounds including education, occupation, income level, gender, ethnicity, and age (as a control). The authors also reviewed several empirical studies that examine online consumer behavior in India, where the population is the second highest in the world and a leader in global technology services. The purpose of the study is to develop a multi-cultural model that could predict the emerging shopping pattern of young and highly connected consumers in the high technology use metropolitan area, specifically in Northern India. The results can be used to generalize other online consumer behavior in other similar highly populated communities where internet technology use is high.

scholarly journals Book Review: Ngā Tai Matatū: Tides of Māori Endurance

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 871
Author(s):  
Tane Waetford
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Millennium ◽  
The Many ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Way

This article is a book review of Mason Durie Ngā Tai Matatū: Tides of Māori Endurance (Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 2005) (288 pages). Māori have faced many challenges that have threatened their way of life and tested their ability to adapt to new and changing circumstances. This book examines the many events that have shaped and influenced Māori life and analyses the way in which Māori have responded to such challenges. Waetford states that the analysis provides a valuable insight into Māori aspirations and values and provides a framework for future development. The book considers the way forward for Māori by looking at the position of Māori at the beginning of the third millennium and the challenges that lie ahead. 

scholarly journals 6D Pose Estimation of Objects: Recent Technologies and Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Zaixing He ◽  
Wuxi Feng ◽  
Xinyue Zhao ◽  
Yongfeng Lv
Keyword(s):  
Pose Estimation ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Important Task ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
The Future ◽  
Bin Picking ◽  
3D Information ◽  
Made In

6D pose estimation is a common and important task in industry. Obtaining the 6D pose of objects is the basis for many other functions such as bin picking, autopilot, etc. Therefore, many corresponding studies have been made in order to improve the accuracy and enlarge the range of application of various approaches. After several years of development, the methods of 6D pose estimation have been enriched and improved. Although some predecessors have analyzed the methods and summarized them in detailed, there have been many new breakthroughs in recent years. To understand 6D pose estimation better, this paper will make a new and more detailed review of 6D pose estimation. We divided these methods into two approaches: Learning-based approaches and non-learning-based approaches, including 2D-information-based approach and 3D-information-based approach. Additionally, we introduce the challenges that exist in 6D pose estimation. Finally, we compare the performance of different methods qualitatively and discuss the future development trends of the 6D pose estimation.

The Role of VLBI in the Establishment of Coordinate Systems

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 293-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Zhongolovitch
Keyword(s):  
General Solution ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Radio Telescopes ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Tectonic Plates ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Optical Instruments ◽  
Fundamental Polyhedron

Considering the future development and general solution of the problem under consideration and also the high precision attainable by astronomical observations, the following procedure may be the most rational approach:1. On the main tectonic plates of the Earth’s crust, powerful movable radio telescopes should be mounted at the same points where standard optical instruments are installed. There should be two stations separated by a distance of about 6 to 8000 kilometers on each plate. Thus, we obtain a fundamental polyhedron embracing the whole Earth with about 10 to 12 apexes, and with its sides represented by VLBI.

South Asian Stories: Firsthand Client Perspectives on Barriers to Accessing Speech-Language Pathology Services

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Mahendra
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Client Experiences ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Timely Access ◽  
Phenomenological Perspective ◽  
Case Vignettes ◽  
Language Pathology

This article details the experience of two South Asian individuals with family members who had communication disorders. I provide information on intrinsic and extrinsic barriers reported by these clients in responses to a survey and during individual ethnographic interviews. These data are part of a larger study and provide empirical support of cultural and linguistic barriers that may impede timely access to and utilization of speech-language pathology (SLP) services. The purpose of this article is to shed light on barriers and facilitators that influence South Asian clients' access to SLP services. I provide and briefly analyze two case vignettes to provide readers a phenomenological perspective on client experiences. Data about barriers limiting access to SLP services were obtained via client surveys and individual interviews. These two clients' data were extracted from a larger study (Mahendra, Scullion, Hamerschlag, Cooper, & La, 2011) in which 52 racially/ethnically diverse clients participated. Survey items and interview questions were designed to elicit information about client experiences when accessing SLP services. Results reveal specific intrinsic and extrinsic barriers that affected two South Asian clients' access to SLP services and have important implications for all providers.

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