scholarly journals Biochemical and Microbiological Characterization of Prickly Pear Rejects

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 608-615
Author(s):  
Loubna EL HAJJI ◽  
Souad SALMAOUI
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Prickly Pear ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Oilseed Meal ◽  
Lactic Bacteria ◽  
By Products

The aim of this work is to study the biochemical and microbiological characterization of the prickly pear fruits abandoned in the fields after harvest in order to use it in the animal feed. This work reveal that the skin and pulp have a pH close to neutral (6.83 for the skin and 6.41 for the pulp), they are very rich in water (84.89% for the skin and 87.19% for the pulp), in sugars (31.19 % DM for the skin and 42.17 % DM for the pulp) and in mineral elements (13.7% DM for the skin and 4.46% DM for the pulp). They have average values in NDF, ADF, ADL, cellulose and hemicellulose fibers which values are respectively for the skin 11.72% DM, 7.75% DM, 1.25% DM, 3.98% DM, 6.5% DM and for the pulp 8.50% DM, 5.67% DM, 1.45% DM, 2.84% DM, 4.22% DM. The crude protein content is 4.84% DM for the skin and 10.2% DM for the pulp respectively remains low in comparison with other food by-products such as oilseed meal. The fat content is very low (0.09% DM for the skin and 0.17% DM for the pulp). As for the seeds, the results showed a low content of water (14.6%), mineral elements (1.99% DM), sugars (8.18 % DM) and crude proteins (7.66% DM), high fat contents ( 8.91% DM) and NDF, ADF, ADL, cellulose and hemicellulose fibers wish are respectively 78.18% DM, 62.99% DM, 42.94% DM, 15.19% DM, 20.05% DM. On the microbiological side, the results showed a significant load of microorganisms in this case molds and lactic bacteria which can be exploited in the recovery of these residues. The comparison between the three fractions of the cactus fruit showed that the seed is the richest in dry matter, fat and fiber, while the pulp is the richest in sugars, the skin when it is the richest in calcium.

scholarly journals Proximate composition of Malaysian local sweet potatoes

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
N.A. Zulkifli ◽  
M.Z.M. Nor ◽  
F.N. Omar ◽  
A. Sulaiman ◽  
M.N. Mokhtar
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
By Products ◽  
Different Parts

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) is one of the main crops worldwide. However, systematic properties characterization of this crop is still required, particularly on the Malaysian local sweet potatoes. Hence, this study aims to determine the proximate composition and the energy value of five common varieties of local sweet potato (Anggun 1, Anggun 2, Anggun 3, White, and VitAto) in Malaysia. For each variety, three different parts of the tuberous root which were the skin, the cortex, and the mixture of cambium and parenchyma were characterized. The findings indicated that VitAto exhibited the highest starch (16.95% – 17.17%) and crude protein (0.86% – 1.15%) contents in all parts as compared to other varieties, hence reflecting its potentials to be further processed for a mass starch production. Among all the parts, the skin contained the highest crude protein, crude fat, ash and crude fibre, which can be further utilized to produce by-products such as animal feed. The findings in this study serve as a baseline for the future starch and byproducts production from local sweet potatoes.

scholarly journals Proximate composition, amino acid profile, carbohydrate and mineral content of seed meals from four safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) varieties grown in north-eastern Morocco

OCL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. A202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Mansouri ◽  
Abdessamad Ben Moumen ◽  
Gaetan Richard ◽  
Marie-Laure Fauconnier ◽  
Marianne Sindic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Morocco

The purpose of this study is to complete our work on the characterization of four safflower varieties produced in the oriental region of Morocco by determining the composition of their meals. This characterization was carried out by analyzing proteins, amino acids, fibers, carbohydrates and mineral elements. The results show that the protein content varies in a range of 17.06–27.05%, fibers 63.45–69.97%, carbohydrates 12.40–17.07% and ash 3.11–3.60% on dry weight basis. The most abundant amino acid in the studied safflower meals is glutamic acid (3.19–3.89% of dry matter), while lysine and methionine are the least abundant. Cellulose and hemicellulose are the most representative fibers (28.16–31.35% and 21.04–21.68% of dry matter, respectively). The main carbohydrate is xylose, whose content varies between 10.56–14.31% of dry matter. The results also show that the studied safflower meals constitute a good source of potassium (6.32–9.51 g kg−1 of dry matter), phosphorus (2.35–4.60 g kg−1), magnesium (2.25–4.25 g kg−1) and calcium (1.53–1.72 g kg−1). Amongst the identified microelements, iron is the major element in all the analyzed samples (53–125 mg kg−1). Moreover, the majority of the studied analytical parameters were strongly influenced by the cultivar factor (p < 0.05). In view of these analyses and pasture shortage, especially during the dry seasons in Morocco, the meal obtained from oil extraction from safflower seeds can be upgraded by the formulation of new animal feed products in this region.

scholarly journals Kajian Potensi Limbah Pertanian Sebagai Pakan Ternak Ruminansia di Kabupaten Aceh Besar

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samadi Samadi ◽  
Yunasri Usman ◽  
Mira Delima
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Ruminant Animal ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
By Products ◽  
Total Digestible Nutrient

Evaluation of the potency of agricultural by product as ruminant animal feed in aceh besar regencyABSTRACT. A research to evaluate the potency of agricultural by product as animal feed was conducted in Aceh Besar Regency from June to December 2009. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the availability of local feed from agricultural by product including its production and quality, to calculate animal capacity of ruminant animals by using animal unit (AU) based the production and quality of agricultural by product.This research was carried out by survey method. Data consist of primary and secondary data to calculate the production and quality of agricultural by products in Aceh Besar Regency. The production of agricultural by products was calculated based on dry matter, crude protein and total digestible nutrient. Animal capacity which is calculated based on agricultural by products with the following measurement ; 1 animal unit consumes dry matter with the average of 6,25 kg/day (2.282,25 kg/year), crude protein with average of 0,06 kg/day (240,9 kg/year) and total digestible nutrient with the average of 4,3 kg/day (1.569,5 kg/year).Based on the calculation was found that total of dray matter, crude protein and total digestible nutrient from agricultural by product in Aceh Besar regency was 197.510 ton, 9443,8 ton and 89.167,7 ton respectively. The capacity of ruminant animals fed from agricultural by product in Aceh Besar regency was 87.061 AU, 39.202 AU, and 57.125 AU for dry matter, crude protein and total digestible nutrient respectively. It can be concluded that Aceh Besar regency has a big potency to develop animal production by using agricultural by products. Therefore, agricultural by products in Aceh Besar regency should be used optimally.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Earthworm (Eisenia foetida) Co-Dried with Vegetable Meals as an Animal Feed

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-92
Author(s):  
Kirenia Pérez-Corría ◽  
Aroldo Botello-León ◽  
Abril Karina Mauro-Félix ◽  
Franklin Rivera-Pineda ◽  
María Teresa Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Eisenia Foetida ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Feed Ingredient ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Market Requirement

To evaluate the chemical composition of the earthworm (Eisenia foetida) co-dried (EW) with vegetable meals (VM) as animal feed ingredient, the blends were mixed with wheat bran (WB), rice powder (RP), corn meal (CM) and soy cake meal (SCM) in proportions of 85:15; 75:25 and 65:35. The dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CFA), crude fiber (CF), ashes and nitrogen-free extract (NFE) of the ingredients and final mixtures were determined. All the mixtures resulted with a high content of DM (≥90.00 %). No significant differences among the proportions were revealed (P>0.05). In addition, the higher inclusion of the earthworm in the proportions (85:15) increased (P<0.05) the CP (54.70 %), CFA (7.28 %), and ashes (10.20 %), mainly when mixed with SCM, CM, and RP, respectively. However, the use of vegetable meals proportionally increased the CF (7.31 %), and NFE (52.62 %), mainly with the proportion of 65:35 and with RP and CM, respectively (P<0.05). The results showed that the vegetable meals (WB, RP, CM, and SCM) are useful to co-dry the earthworm to be use for animal feed. It is concluded that the most appropriate proportion (VM:EW) will depend on the animal species, productive stage and market requirement.

scholarly journals Kecernaan Nutrien pada Babi Lokal Periode Pertumbuhan yang Diberi Ransum Mengandung Biji Asam Biokonversi Spontan (NUTRIENTS DIGESTIBILITY IN GROWING LOCAL PIG FED WITH DIET COMPOSED OF SPONTENOUS BIOCONVERTED-TAMARIND SEED)

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 610
Author(s):  
Redempta Wea ◽  
I Gusti Komang Oka Wirawan ◽  
Bernadete Barek Koten
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Tamarind Seed ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Nutrients Digestibility

A research aimed to evaluate nutrients digestibility in growing local male pig fed spontaneous bioconverted-tamarind seed has been done in animal feed technology laboratory of Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic.The research used 25 local male grower pigs with body weight around 3-6 kg. The study used a randomized block design with five treatments, i.e. R0 = ration using tamarind seeds without bioconversion, R1 = ration using spontaneous bioconversion tamarinds for 24 hours, R2 = rations using spontaneous bioconversion tamarinds for 48 hours, R3 = rations using bioconversion tamarinds spontaneous for 72 hours, and R4 = rations using spontaneous bioconversion tamarinds for 96 hours. Each treatment was repeated five times in which each of them used five pigs. Parameters observed were nutrient digestibility (dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and ash). The data were analyzed by using variance and continued by Duncan’s multiple range test to determine the differences between treatments. The results showed that the time of spontaneous bioconversion of tamarind seeds increased the digestibility of tamarind seed nutrients and it was concluded that the best time of spontaneous bioconversion was for 72 hours.

FEED CONSUMPTION AND GROWTH OF DAIRY HEIFER AND BULL CALVES FED CALF STARTERS DIFFERING IN PROTEIN CONTENT

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. JONES ◽  
L. P. JACOBS ◽  
L. J. MARTIN
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Holstein Bull ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Voluntary Intake

Four groups of five Holstein heifer calves were fed calf starter ad libitum from the 5th through the 16th wk. Diets differed in crude protein (CP) content (9.3, 17.8, and 22.2% CP) and were compared to a 21% CP, high-fat milk replacer (HFMR) during 28-day periods. Voluntary intake was not affected by starter CP content. However, increasing dietary CP content increased gains and feed efficiency. Gains were similar between the high-protein starter and the HFMR. When calves in one group received a different starter each day, voluntary consumption of the low-protein starter was reduced. In the second experiment, the HFMR and a starter containing either 10.6, 15.3, or 22.8% CP were fed to Holstein bull calves from wk 2 through 4. The starters were each fed for 21-day periods to each group of calves after weaning from HFMR. A fourth group received a starter of different CP content each day. A fifth group received only HFMR for the entire period. After the 4th wk, calves fed HFMR consumed less dry matter (DM) but gained weight most rapidly. Average daily gains were increased by the medium- and high- over the low-protein calf starter (P < 0.05). Feed efficiency was subsequently reduced by this diet. A ration containing no more than 18% CP was satisfactory for dairy-replacement heifers. However, additional studies should examine the feasibility of marketing 136-kg calves on high-energy calf starters.

A note on the use of distillers' by-products in diets for growing pigs

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Livingstone ◽  
D. M. S. Livingston
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
By Products

SUMMARYA by-product of the distilling industry designated ‘distillers’ grains plus solubles' was evaluated using forty-eight growing pigs. The product was included at 0, 14·7 and 25% in three diets in which the proportion of other constituents was adjusted to give similar concentrations of TDN, dry matter and crude protein.The performance and carcass quality of pigs receiving 0% and 14·7% of the by-product in the diet was similar, but inclusion at 25% significantly reduced growth rate (g/day) from 632 for the 0% diet to 578.

scholarly journals Agronomic characterization of sweet potato accessions

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Forlan Vargas ◽  
Dumon Ramiro Zanetti Godoy ◽  
Luis Carlos Ferreira de Almeida ◽  
Renata Castoldi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Action Strategies ◽  
Animal Consumption

The agronomic characterization of a genotype set is one of the basic steps to start a breeding program, as action strategies to search for new cultivars are defined through the knowledge of these characteristics. Thus, the aim of this study was to rescue and assess agronomic performance in accessions collected in traditional communities. Sweet potatoes were collected among “quilombos”, indigenous villages, native populations and small farmers from Vale do Ribeira. The study was conducted at UNESP, Registro Campus, from February/2013 to August/2014. The experiment was set in a randomized blocks design with 95 accessions, two commercial cultivars, Brazlândia Branca and Brazlândia Roxa (controls), with three repetitions. Total commercial roots production, percentage of commercial roots production, total roots dry matter production, roots dry matter percentage, fresh branches production, total dry matter production in branches and dry matter percentage in branches were assessed. Accessions VR13-62, VR13-61, VR13-44, VR13-11 and VR13-14 demonstrated characteristics of roots for consumption and VR13-11 and VR13-14 for industry consumption due to the high dry matter percentage obtained per hectare; VR13-35, VR13-87 and VR13-22 are adequate for animal feed purposes. VR13-11, VR13-22 and VR13-58 accessions can be used for human and animal consumption; VR13-48 was suitable for home and industry consumption; and VR13-4 and VR13-31 was suitable for animal feed and industry consumption.

scholarly journals 7. Productivity And Chemical Composition Of Several Mulberry Species (Morus spp) Agains Spacing Plant, and Cutting Age

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Rijanto Hutasoit ◽  
Simon Ginting ◽  
Juniar Sirait ◽  
Andi Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Morus Spp

The cultivation of mulberry as forages is scarce in Indonesian feeding system for ruminant production, although many studies have indicated  its nutritional potential as animal feed especially ruminants. This study was aimed to investigate the effects spacing of plant and cutting age on productivity and chemical composition of some species mulberry plants. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with factorial treatments. The factors species were (M. indica cv kanva, M. nigra, M. cathyana, and M. Multicaulis), the spacing of plants (1 x 0.5 m, 1 x 1 m and 1 x 1.5 m) and cutting ages (210, 240, and 270 days after planting). The results showed that species, M. multicaulis and M. cathyana are the highest growth, using a spacing of 1 x 0.5 m with cutting age 270 days after planting. Dry matter production highest (P < 0,05) in M. Cathyana at spacing of 1 x 0.5 with cutting age 270 days after planting. The ratio of leaves and stems of plants are affected by age, the highest proportions of leaf  is obtained at the cutting age of 210 days. Chemical composition were highest in M.multicaulis at the age of 270 days. The highest content of  organic matter (OM) were found in M.Kanva and not different with M. Nigra at the age of 270 day after planting. In treatment of cutting ages have no effect (P < 0.05) on the Crude protein (CP), ADF, NDF, lignin and tannin content. The average content of CP obtained gained 20.69%, 32.38% ADF, NDF 33.99%, 12.45% lignin and tannin 0.3%. Concluded that mulberry plants with a plant spacing of plant 1 x 0.5 and 270 days after plant have more advantages for use as animal feed.

scholarly journals A simple approach to recycle broiler litter as animal feed

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (55) ◽  
pp. 6963-6975
Author(s):  
OA Makinde ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Broiler Litter ◽  
Cattle Blood

Broiler litter (BL) is a major waste from poultry production that constitutes serious disposal and environmental pollution problems globally despite its potential as animal feed. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a simple procedure for converting broiler litter into animal feed using wheat offal (WO) and cattle blood (B) as absorbent and nutrient booster, respectively. Initially, broiler litter was mixed with increasing concentrations (w/w) of blood at 1:1 or 1:2 or 1:3, and then each to WO at 1:1 or 1:2 or 1:3, making nine different ratios/blends before sun drying for 4 h. Finally, three blends (BL:B - 1:1 or 1:2 or 1:3 each mixed to WO at 1:1) were selected for nutrient evaluation based on economic considerations and capacity to dry to ≤10% moisture content in 4 h. The blends and feces were analyzed for proximate composition. Birds were tube-fed respective blends, feces collected after 48 h and dried for 48 h at 60oC. Dry matter, apparent and true crude protein digestibilities were determined. Soybean meal, considered as the standard protein, analyzed for dry matter, apparent and true crude protein digestibility was compared to the blends. The results showed that all the nine different blends dried to ≤ 10% moisture content in 4 h (range, 6 – 9%) and the blends with the highest WO content had the lowest (P<0.01) moisture contents. The three blends had crude protein and crude fiber ranging from about 19 – 28% and 8 - 12%, respectively. The blend with the highest blood concentration BL:B [1:3] to WO at 1:1) was superior (P<0.01) to soybean meal in dry matter, apparent and true crude protein digestibility by broiler chickens. A simple method was developed to recycle broiler litter as animal feed in combination with wheat offal and cattle blood. The resulting product showed good potential as feedstuff for broiler chickens.

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