scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF ARCTIC DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 226 (6) ◽  
pp. 146-162
Author(s):  
ANATOLY V. SHEVCHUK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Safety ◽  
State Funding ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Development Fund ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Franz Josef Land ◽  
Ecological Improvement

The Arctic is of great importance for the development of the country’s economy. At the same time, the active entry of industry into this region brings with it environmental risks. The most difficult issues for reducing environmental stress in this zone are the elimination of accumulated environmental damage, prevention and elimination of accidents. The important decisions made in the development of the Arctic provide for the implementation of environmental protection measures based on the national project “Ecology”. Large industrial enterprises located in the Arctic will play a significant role in this. To ensure conditions for the further development of the economy in this zone, it is necessary to intensify the work on cleaning up the contaminated areas, including the completion of a project for the ecological improvement of the Franz Josef Land archipelago. The issue of assessing and eliminating the consequences of accidents is relevant for the Arctic, but in this direction it is necessary to improve the regulatory and methodological base. Based on the results of the study, specific measures are proposed to improve the environmental situation in the Arctic, including: to organize scientific research to assess the accumulated and current and environmental damage in the Arctic, to form a separate subprogram “Elimination of accumulated environmental damage in the Russian Arctic for the period 2022–2030”; to prepare proposals for the allocation of directions in the structure of the Arctic Development Fund for environmental safety and elimination of accumulated and future environmental damage; to develop a modern regulatory and methodological base for the determination of damage; to settle issues of a regulatory and methodological nature in terms of assessment and elimination of the consequences of accidents to develop proposals on the use of public-private partnership mechanisms with state funding of measures aimed at the rehabilitation of environmentally unfavorable territories, the elimination of environmental damage in the Arctic.

Ecological and Economic Aspects of the Elimination of Accumulated Harm in the Arctic

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Anatolij Shevchuk ◽  
Oleg Shumikhin
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Special Program ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Franz Josef Land ◽  
State Of The Environment

The article examines the ecological and economic mechanism for the elimination of accumulated environmental damage (NEU) in the Arctic, the development of recommendations for further improvement of such a mechanism, including programmatic methods. The issues of the state of the environment and environmental safety in the Arctic zone of Russia are considered. The main attention is paid to the formation of a program to eliminate NEU on polluted islands and other territories. The results obtained were included in the development of the Program for the Elimination of Accumulated Environmental Damage on the Polluted Islands of the Franz Josef Land Archipelago, and in the preparation of proposals for the further planning and organization of cleanup work. In general, the cleaning of the islands, carried out in the period 2012-2017, showed high performance. It is necessary to expand this type of work in other contaminated areas located in the Arctic, to develop a special program “Ecological safety of the Arctic zone”, to develop scientific research on Arctic topics.

scholarly journals Risk Management to Ensure Environmental Safety at Enterprises

2018 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Anna Matveeva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Environmental Risk Management ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

The article raises the issue of environmental risk management for the formation of measures to ensure environmental safety in industrial enterprises. A classification of environmental risks is given depending on the nature and type of environmental impact. The paper describes the methods of environmental risk management. On the basis of which it is possible to build a further strategy of the enterprise to reduce or prevent the occurrence of risks depending on risk-forming factors of the environment. The concept of environmental risk management in an enterprise should be developed taking into account the economic conditions inherent in a particular enterprise, depending on the climatic and economic conditions of the region. Each industrial enterprise is unique in its field of activity, production volumes and a set of external and internal environmental factors. Therefore, environmental risk management can be classified as a targeted action aimed at choosing the optimal strategy for the enterprise to minimize environmental damage. The paper is proposed an algorithm for managing environmental risk for enterprises.

Determination of allostatic load dynamics in the assessment of adaptation in temporary workers in the Arctic

2020 ◽  
pp. 547-548
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Atkov ◽  
S. G. Gorokhova
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Temporary Workers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Adaptation ◽  
The Individual

The individual dynamics of the allostatic load index was revealed mainly due to changes in the glucose level, body mass index, which makes it applicable for assessing the short-term adaptation to the stay in the conditions of shift work

Reparation for Environmental Damage in Jus Post Bellum

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilias Plakokefalos
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Environmental Harm ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Jus Post Bellum ◽  
Typical Situation ◽  
Sharing Responsibility

This chapter explores the problems that environmental damage in armed conflict pose to the determination of shared responsibility, and especially the determination of reparations, in the context of the jus post bellum. When two actors are engaged in armed conflict, there arise no serious issues as to sharing responsibility for violations. But the fact that modern armed conflicts often involve more than two actors (e.g. Libya 2011) complicates the matters arising out of environmental harm, as there may be two or more actors contributing to the same harmful event. This is a typical situation of shared responsibility. Shared responsibility provides that the problem of reparations for environmental harm is to be examined in situations where there is a multiplicity of actors that contribute to a single harmful outcome. This definition covers the breach of obligations under jus ad bellum and jus in bello, as well as under international environmental law.

Reflections on Arctic Maritime Delimitations: A Comparative Analysis between the Case Law and State Practice

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-484
Author(s):  
Yoshifumi Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Coastal State ◽  
Ocean Governance ◽  
State Practice ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

AbstractThe determination of spatial ambit of the coastal State jurisdiction is fundamental for ocean governance and the same applies to the Arctic Ocean. In this regard, a question arises how it is possible to delimit marine spaces where the jurisdiction of two or more coastal States overlaps. Without rules on maritime delimitation in marine spaces where the jurisdiction of coastal States overlaps, the legal uses of these spaces cannot be enjoyed effectively. In this sense, maritime delimitation is of paramount importance in the Arctic Ocean governance. Thus, this study will examine Arctic maritime delimitations by comparing them to the case law concerning maritime delimitation. In so doing, this study seeks to clarify features of Arctic maritime delimitations.

U–Pb geochronology of Cretaceous magmatism on Svalbard and Franz Josef Land, Barents Sea Large Igneous Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 1127-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
FERNANDO CORFU ◽  
STÉPHANE POLTEAU ◽  
SVERRE PLANKE ◽  
JAN INGE FALEIDE ◽  
HENRIK SVENSEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Large Igneous Province ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Franz Josef Land ◽  
Igneous Province ◽  
Stratigraphic Record ◽  
Single Grain ◽  
Cretaceous Magmatism

AbstractThe opening of the Arctic oceanic basins in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic proceeded in steps, with episodes of magmatism and sedimentation marking specific stages in this development. In addition to the stratigraphic record provided by sediments and fossils, the intrusive and extrusive rocks yield important information on this evolution. This study has determined the ages of mafic sills and a felsic tuff in Svalbard and Franz Josef Land using the isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS) U–Pb method on zircon, baddeleyite, titanite and rutile. The results indicate crystallization of the Diabasodden sill at 124.5 ± 0.2 Ma and the Linnévatn sill at 124.7 ± 0.3 Ma, the latter also containing slightly younger secondary titanite with an age of 123.9 ± 0.3 Ma. A bentonite in the Helvetiafjellet Formation, also on Svalbard, has an age of 123.3 ± 0.2 Ma. Zircon in mafic sills intersected by drill cores in Franz Josef Land indicate an age of 122.7 Ma for a thick sill on Severnaya Island and a single grain age of ≥122.2 ± 1.1 Ma for a thinner sill on Nagurskaya Island. These data emphasize the importance and relatively short-lived nature of the Cretaceous magmatic event in the region.

scholarly journals Assessment of energy system management - the case study of Kazakhstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 04056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galimkair Mutanov ◽  
Sayabek Ziyadin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
System Management ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Universal Principles ◽  
Energy Entropy

The article discusses the relevance of the problem of energy efficiency of industrial enterprises, along with increasing environmental safety of production and increasing social responsibility. The technique of estimation of production efficiency and its influence in management of ecological system on the basis of energy-entropy method is considered. Relevant questions are: improvement of the universal principles of energy efficiency in specific sectors and to develop tools of economic analysis energy infrastructure of industrial enterprises on the basis of the energy-entropy method using various ratios and find new ways of efficient use of energy. The purpose of this article is to develop new methods for assessing the efficiency of production and management. The problem is largely actualized by the fact that at present the question of assessing the effectiveness of energy systems management.

scholarly journals An Algorithm of Management Decision-Making Regarding the Feasibility of Investing in Geological Studies of Forecasted Hydrocarbon Resources

Resources ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Cherepovitsyn ◽  
Dmitry Metkin ◽  
Alexander Gladilin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Field Development

Currently, under the conditions of increasing depletion of hydrocarbon reserves in Russia, it is necessary to consider the resource potential of poorly-researched oil and gas objects as a factor for ensuring the sustainable development of the oil and gas complex, in the context of the concept formation of rational subsoil utilization and a circular economy. The methodology of this study is based on a clear sequence of geological and economic studies of poorly-researched oil and gas objects, including four stages, such as analysis of the raw material base, assessment of the raw material potential, determination of technological development parameters, and economic evaluation. The methods of the probabilistic estimation of oil resources of the forecasted objects with regard to geological risk are outlined. Software packages “EVA—Risk Analysis” and “EVA—Economic Evaluation of Oil and Gas Field Development Projects” were used for estimation. The result of the study is the determination of the geological and economic efficiency of the development of nine hydrocarbon objects with the determination of the order of their further geological exploration, and introduction into industrial development on the example of the poorly-researched region of the Timan-Pechora oil and gas province located in the Arctic zone.

scholarly journals Determination of conditions for spontaneous combustion of combustible dust deposits on equipment, in ventilation systems, and aspiration systems of buildings and structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
L. P. Vogman ◽  
D. A. Korolchenko ◽  
A. V. Khryukin
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Combustion ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Process Characteristics ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Dust Deposits ◽  
Production Facilities ◽  
Ventilation Systems

Introduction. Determination of the scientifi cally substantiated frequency of cleaning the ducts of local exhausts of industrial buildings and structures is one of the tasks in the fi eld of fi re safety of industrial enterprises. The paper describes design methods, in particular, a method for determination of the induction period during spontaneous combustion of dust deposits in air ducts of ventilation systems and equipment, which can be used in solving problems focused on the development of preventive measures to ensure their fi re and explosion safety.Methods. In order to solve the problem set in this paper and compare the indicators obtained in the calculation and analytical part of the studies with the growth dynamics of deposits in real facilities, fi eld tests have been accomplished in the production facilities of the fl our mill of OJSC MK “Voronezhsky” and JSC Concern “Sozvezdiye”.Results and discussion. The timeframes for cleaning of deposits on ventilation (aspiration) equipment of buildings and structures cannot be universal for various industries and must take into account the dynamics of the growth of deposits depending on the specifi cs of combustible deposits, the workload of the production facilities of the protected object in a given period of time, and the operating conditions of the equipment. As a result of the experiments, it was found that the places of maximum accumulations of deposits are most often formed on the surfaces of joints and on the bends of pipelines of ventilation systems. The conditions of spontaneous combustion of combustible dust are studied by calculation and analytical method, depending on such process characteristics as the speed of the dust-air mixture fl ow in the duct, as well as the diameter of the duct’s cross section.Conclusions. The nomograms built on the basis of the studies performed can be used to determine the multiplicity of cleaning of combustible dusts of equipment and air ducts of industrial ventilation systems. The paper provides a calculation of the period of induction of spontaneous combustion of combustible dust deposits using the example of rye fl our with asymmetric heat transfer. Its signifi cance is due to the process of accumulation of deposits of combustible dust to a critical thickness in terms of spontaneous combustion conditions.

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