scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ON FINTECH DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gintarė PAULIUKEVIČIENĖ ◽  
Jelena STANKEVIČIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Environment Assessment ◽  
Favourable Environment ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – to propose an assessment tool of the environment of FinTech sector. Research methodology – systematic analysis of scientific literature has been carried out to form a methodology for FinTech sector environment assessment, which consists of quantitative methods used for the empirical research of the study as follows: PEST analysis, expert evaluation, determination of indicators’ values, normalization of data, multi-criteria assessment (the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method). Findings – the practical application of the developed assessment tool is verified by completing an empirical study on the example of the leading FinTech countries as well as the Baltic States. Recommendations for further Lithuanian FinTech sector development are provided. Research limitations – research is based on an assessment of the significance of external environmental indicators of FinTech sector development on a country level. Due to the large number of indicators and countries, only a fraction of factors and countries were selected for research. Therefore, the object of the research requires a more detailed study in the future. Practical implications – the development of FinTech sector has been growing dramatically in the recent years on a global scale, with some countries leading the way due to a more favourable environment. The results show that the proposed assessment tool for the development of the FinTech sector can be used by policymakers in different countries to identify the external environmental factors to improve in order to create better conditions for the development of the FinTech sector. Originality/Value – a new methodology and tool for FinTech environment assessment is developed by the authors as a contribution to the formation of better environment for FinTech sector development. The developed tool provides an opportunity to study the strong and weak sides of the environment development of the FinTech sector, to compare the good practices of other countries and to get ideas for changes in order to create a more favourable environment for the FinTech development on a country level.

scholarly journals Two-Year Systematic Study To Assess Norovirus Contamination in Oysters from Commercial Harvesting Areas in the United Kingdom

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (16) ◽  
pp. 5812-5817 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Lowther ◽  
Nicole E. Gustar ◽  
Andrew L. Powell ◽  
Rachel E. Hartnell ◽  
David N. Lees
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe contamination of bivalve shellfish with norovirus from human fecal sources is recognized as an important human health risk. Standardized quantitative methods for the detection of norovirus in molluscan shellfish are now available, and viral standards are being considered in the European Union and internationally. This 2-year systematic study aimed to investigate the impact of the application of these methods to the monitoring of norovirus contamination in oyster production areas in the United Kingdom. Twenty-four monthly samples of oysters from 39 United Kingdom production areas, chosen to represent a range of potential contamination risk, were tested for norovirus genogroups I and II by using a quantitative real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR method. Norovirus was detected in 76.2% (643/844) of samples, with all sites returning at least one positive result. Both prevalences (presence or absence) and norovirus levels varied markedly between sites. However, overall, a marked winter seasonality of contamination by both prevalence and quantity was observed. Correlations were found between norovirus contamination and potential risk indicators, including harvesting area classifications,Escherichia coliscores, and environmental temperatures. A predictive risk score for norovirus contamination was developed by using a combination of these factors. In summary, this study, the largest of its type undertaken to date, provides a systematic analysis of norovirus contamination in commercial oyster production areas in the United Kingdom. The data should assist risk managers to develop control strategies to reduce the risk of human illness resulting from norovirus contamination of bivalve molluscs.

scholarly journals Kajian Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) Pengaturan Perdagangan Gula Kristal Rafinasi Melalui Pasar Lelang Komoditas dari Sudut Pandang Pelaku IKM dan Pakar

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Kwarnanto Rohmawan P
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Impact Analysis ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Regulatory Impact ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Regulatory Impact Analysis or Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) is the process of systematic analysis of the impact of the policy. Usually, the RIA approach is implemented in the process of formulating a new policy or policies in force that could be useful for the processes of revision or improvement of policies. This study was to analyze the impact of Minister of Trade Regulation (the Regulation) No.16 / M-DAG / PER / 3/2017 and the Rules and Regulations Auction Markets refined sugar that has been disseminated to stakeholders issued by PT Pasar Komoditas Jakarta (PT PKJ) and provide recommendations to the government, in this case, the Coordinating Ministry for the Economy and Trade Ministry. Data processing was performed using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to take advantage of the data sources are interviews, discussions, field studies, as well as desk-study. Quantitative methods are performed by calculating the percentage of respondents' opinions on these questions. While qualitative methods were performed with descriptive information gathering through interviews or discussions. The place of research includes 6 Province, namely Jakarta, West Java, Banten, Central Java, East Java, and Yogyakarta, conducted in early October to early December 2017. The sample of this study is the small and medium industries as many as 21 respondents. While respondents expert (expert) made up of economists, legal experts, and public policy experts amounted to 6 people

FDA analysis of patient enrollment by region in clinical trials for approved oncological indications.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2539-2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bindu Kanapuru ◽  
Harpreet Singh ◽  
Lola A. Fashoyin-Aje ◽  
Adrian Myers ◽  
Geoffrey Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
North America ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Malignant Solid Tumor ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
Clinical Trial Results ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Patient Enrollment

2539 Background: Clinical trials are increasingly conducted on a global scale in an effort to accelerate accrual. This analysis attempts to quantify and characterize participants in trials submitted to support approval of drugs for oncology indications by the region of enrollment. Methods: Demographic information was extracted for patients enrolled in clinical trials submitted to the FDA from 2005-2015. Only trials submitted to support approval for malignant solid tumor or hematology indications were included. Countries were grouped into regions for further analysis. A total of 178,024 patients with information regarding age and country were included in this analysis. Results: Forty five percent (80,460) of clinical trial participants were enrolled from Europe, 36% (63,958) from North America (includes U.S.A and Canada) and 8.4% (14,975) from Asia. Countries in Latin America, Middle East/Africa and the Baltic States/Russia enrolled the remainder 10.5% of the patients. Among 99,556 participants < 65 years of age; 38.7% (38,538) were enrolled from North America, 40.5% (40,362) from Europe, 9.7 % (9674) from Asia and 11% from the rest of the regions. Europe enrolled the highest number of cancer patients aged 65 years or older; 51.1% (40,098) compared to 32.4% (25,420) from North America and 6.8 % (5301) from Asia. Conclusions: Majority of patients enrolled into clinical trials submitted for oncology drug approvals were from regions other than North America, with highest number enrolled from Europe particularly in the older age group. While it is interesting to speculate, the reasons for differential enrollment of patients between Europe and North America and the impact of these findings on interpretation of clinical trial results need additional exploration. Analysis of trends over time may be useful to address this issue. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals The Impact of Mediterranean Dietary Patterns During Pregnancy on Maternal and Offspring Health

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Amati ◽  
Sondus Hassounah ◽  
Alexandra Swaka
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
National Heart Lung ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Favourable Environment ◽  
Offspring Health ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: Pregnancy outcomes for both mother and child are affected by many environmental factors. The importance of pregnancy for ‘early life programming’ is well established and maternal nutrition is an important factor contributing to a favourable environment for developing offspring. We aim to assess whether following a Mediterranean Diet during pregnancy is beneficial for maternal and offspring outcomes; (2) Methods: a systematic review was performed using standardized reporting guidelines with the National Heart Lung and Blood Iinstitute quality assessment tool for selection and extraction; (3) Results: results show that being on a Mediterranean Diet during pregnancy is associated with favourable outcomes for both maternal and offspring health, particularly for gestational diabetes in mothers and congenital defects in offspring (4) Conclusions: Following a Mediterranean dietary pattern during gestation is beneficial for the health of both the mother and offspring. Pregnant women and those trying to conceive should be advised to follow a Mediterranean Diet to potentially decrease, for example, the likelihood of atopy (OR 0.55) in the offspring and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the mother (OR 0.73).

scholarly journals Model of Nutrient and Pesticide Outflow with Surface Water to Puck Bay (Southern Baltic Sea)

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Kalinowska ◽  
Paweł Wielgat ◽  
Tomasz Kolerski ◽  
Piotr Zima
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Puck Bay

Coastal basins are particularly exposed to the adverse impact of anthropogenic stress. In many places, despite only the seasonal increase in the number of residents, progressive urbanization and associated changes in the catchment characteristics are noticeable. Puck Bay is part of the Gulf of Gdansk and belongs to the Baltic Sea. Although the area of Puck Bay is covered by the Natura 2000 Network, this has not saved it from eutrophication problems. As part of the work on a complex coastal basin analysis (WaterPUCK project), the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to determine the agricultural impact on water quality in rivers with a flow into Puck Bay: Reda, Gizdepka, Płutnica, and Błądzikowski Stream. The results include the loads of nutrients and pesticides that flow out from the agricultural areas of Puck community into Puck Bay. In this article, special attention has been paid to the impact of precipitation on the quality of water at the outflow of rivers into the Bay of Puck, because it is a decisive element in the amount of nutrients leached along with surface runoff to watercourses and then into the Gulf. The distribution of precipitation thus affects the amount of nutrients absorbed by plants. Modeling the effects of agricultural practices, taking into account long-term meteorological forecasts, is helpful in attempts to reduce the amount of pollutants entering the Baltic Sea.

scholarly journals Assessing the Country-Level Excess All-Cause Mortality and the Impacts of Air Pollution and Human Activity during the COVID-19 Epidemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6883
Author(s):  
Yuan Meng ◽  
Man Sing Wong ◽  
Hanfa Xing ◽  
Mei-Po Kwan ◽  
Rui Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
The Impact

The impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on cause-specific mortality has been investigated on a global scale. However, less is known about the excess all-cause mortality and air pollution-human activity responses. This study estimated the weekly excess all-cause mortality during COVID-19 and evaluated the impacts of air pollution and human activities on mortality variations during the 10th to 52nd weeks of 2020 among sixteen countries. A SARIMA model was adopted to estimate the mortality benchmark based on short-term mortality during 2015–2019 and calculate excess mortality. A quasi-likelihood Poisson-based GAM model was further applied for air pollution/human activity response evaluation, namely ground-level NO2 and PM2.5 and the visit frequencies of parks and workplaces. The findings showed that, compared with COVID-19 mortality (i.e., cause-specific mortality), excess all-cause mortality changed from −26.52% to 373.60% during the 10th to 52nd weeks across the sixteen countries examined, revealing higher excess all-cause mortality than COVID-19 mortality in most countries. For the impact of air pollution and human activities, the average country-level relative risk showed that one unit increase in weekly NO2, PM2.5, park visits and workplace visits was associated with approximately 1.54% increase and 0.19%, 0.23%, and 0.23% decrease in excess all-cause mortality, respectively. Moreover, compared with the impact on COVID-19 mortality, the relative risks of weekly NO2 and PM2.5 were lower, and the relative risks of weekly park and workplace visits were higher for excess all-cause mortality. These results suggest that the estimation based on excess all-cause mortality reduced the potential impact of air pollution and enhanced the influence of human activities compared with the estimation based on COVID-19 mortality.

scholarly journals Global, Regional and National Consumption of Major Beverages in 2015: Systematic Analysis of Country-Specific Nutrition Surveys Worldwide (P10-038-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Lara-Castor ◽  
Frederick Cudhea ◽  
Dimitra Karageorgou ◽  
Peilin Shi ◽  
Jianyi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Latin American Region ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Assessing the impact of beverage intake on health has been limited by lack of reliable and standardized individual-level data on a global scale. We aimed to quantify global distributions of intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), fruit juices, milk, coffee, and tea by country (n = 188), super-region (n = 6), key population characteristics (all ages, sex, education, urban/rural location) and time (1990, 2015). Methods Primary national and subnational survey data on beverage intake in the Global Dietary Database (GDD) were identified through systematic searches of electronic databases and communications with data owners worldwide. This includes 1137 survey-years representing 6.78B people from 185 countries worldwide (97.5% of the world's population). To address missing data and estimate distributions of intake for each diet factor and by country-, age-, sex-, education-, urban/rural- and year-specific stratum we developed a Bayesian hierarchical imputation model. The model combined primary intake data with time-varying country-level and survey-level covariates and further accounted for differences in intakes vs availability from FAO food disappearance data. Results In 2015, global SSB intake in adults (20 + y) was 0.37 servings (8-oz)/day (Fig 1). The Latin-American region had the highest SSB intake (1.15 servings/day) and Asia the lowest (0.14 servings/day). For fruit juices, global intake across all ages was 0.19 servings (8-oz)/day; highest intakes were seen in Latin America (0.64 servings/day) and lowest in Asia (0.06 servings/day) (Fig 2). Global milk intake was 0.39 servings (8-oz)/day, ranging from 0.64 servings/day in the High-Income region to 0.20 servings/day in Asia (Fig 3). Intakes were generally similar by sex and higher at younger ages, urban areas, and higher education levels. Findings for coffee and tea, and over time, will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions These novel global dietary data highlight substantial variation in beverage intake worldwide, further informing global diet surveillance, priority setting and nutrition strategies. Funding Sources Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Isotopes in the Water Cycle: Regional- to Global-Scale Patterns and Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 453-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel J. Bowen ◽  
Zhongyin Cai ◽  
Richard P. Fiorella ◽  
Annie L. Putman
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Regional Patterns ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

Stable isotope ratios of hydrogen and oxygen have been applied to water cycle research for over 60 years. Over the past two decades, however, new data, data compilations, and quantitative methods have supported the application of isotopic data to address large-scale water cycle problems. Recent results have demonstrated the impact of climate variation on atmospheric water cycling, provided constraints on continental- to global-scale land-atmosphere water vapor fluxes, revealed biases in the sources of runoff in hydrological models, and illustrated regional patterns of water use and management by people. In the past decade, global isotopic observations have spurred new debate over the role of soils in the water cycle, with potential to impact both ecological and hydrological theory. Many components of the water cycle remain underrepresented in isotopic databases. Increasing accessibility of analyses and improved platforms for data sharing will refine and grow the breadth of these contributions in the future. ▪ Isotope ratios in water integrate information on hydrological processes over scales from cities to the globe. ▪ Tracing water with isotopes helps reveal the processes that govern variability in the water cycle and may govern future global changes. ▪ Improvements in instrumentation, data sharing, and quantitative analysis have advanced isotopic water cycle science over the past 20 years.

Abstract MP045: Global and Regional Consumption of Major Food Groups in 1990 and 2005: Systematic Analysis of Country-Specific Nutrition Surveys Worldwide.

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Micha ◽  
Shahab Khatibzadeh ◽  
Edward Giovannucci ◽  
John Powles ◽  
Peilin Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Data ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Nutrition Surveys ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Country Specific

Background: Food-based research and policy recommendations are highly relevant in the modern era to understand and reduce the pandemics of chronic disease occurring in nearly all nations. Unfortunately, reliable and systematically assessed individual consumption data (as opposed to disappearance data) on food habits and trends have not been available on a global scale. Objective: To produce comprehensive data on consumption of major foods and their uncertainties by country, region, age, and sex in 1990 and 2005. Methods. We developed methods to identify, assess, and obtain exposure data (mean, SD) by age and sex from nationally representative diet surveys worldwide on fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts/seeds, whole grains, seafood, red meats, processed meats, milk, and sugar-sweetened beverages. To address missing data and estimate mean intake, we developed and applied a multi-level hierarchical imputation Bayesian model that accounted for country- and region-level data, measurement comparability, study representativeness, and diet assessment method. Time-varying country-level covariates were used to inform estimates, including FAO food availability data, population, GDP, latitude, metabolic risks, and other diet covariates. Uncertainty of the estimates accounted for uncertainty from sampling and statistical modeling. Results: We obtained relevant data (85% by direct author contact) from 165 nationally and 40 non-nationally representative surveys from 109 countries in 20 regions, covering 79% of the global population. Data were most frequently available for fruits and vegetables (Figure). Findings for other foods will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions: Our systematic analysis of representative country-specific nutrition surveys on a global scale has produced estimates of the exposure distribution of major foods by age, sex, country, region, and time period. Such global assessment is crucial to estimate the impact of diet on chronic diseases worldwide.

scholarly journals Evaluating the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions for SARS-CoV-2 on a global scale

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel T Esra ◽  
Lise Jamesion ◽  
Matthew P Fox ◽  
Daniel Letswalo ◽  
Nkosinathi Ngcobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

In the absence of a viable pharmaceutical intervention for SARS-CoV-2, governments have implemented a range of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to curb the spread of infection of the virus and the disease caused by the virus, now known as COVID-19. Given the associated social and economic costs, it is critical to enumerate the individual impacts of NPIs to aid in decision-making moving forward. We used globally reported SARS-CoV-2 cases to fit a Bayesian model framework to estimate transmission associated with NPIs in 26 countries and 34 US states. Using a mixed effects model with country level random effects, we compared the relative impact of other NPIs to national-level household confinement measures and evaluated the impact of NPIs on the global trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic over time. We observed heterogeneous impacts of the easing of restrictions and estimated an overall reduction in infection of 23% (95% CI: 18-27%) associated with household confinement, 10% (95% CI: 1-18%) with limits on gatherings, 12% (95% CI: 5-19%) with school closures and 17% (95% CI: 6-28%) with mask policies. We estimated a 12% (95% CI: 9-15%) reduction in transmission associated with NPIs overall. The implementation of NPIs have substantially reduced acceleration of COVID-19. At this early time point, we cannot determine the impact of the easing of restrictions and there is a need for continual assessment of context specific effectiveness of NPIs as more data become available.

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