The Evaluation of Opportunities for the Development of Access for Charging Electric Vehicles in the Territory of Apartment Buildings

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vytautas Palevičius ◽  
Tomas Karpavičius ◽  
Mantas Kaušylas
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Electric Transport ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Electric Car

The beginning of 21th century is extremely important for developed countries because of the reduction of their dependence on fossil fuels. The biggest vehicle manufacturing companies are planning to start selling at least one model of electric vehicle and it is expected that by 2025 approximately 10% of the new cars sold worldwide will be electric. In order to reach this goal, some countries are successfully executing an effective electric transport development policy: to create a publicly accessible network for charging electric vehicles, pay incentives for purchasing an electric car, create free of charge parking places and implement other encouraging measures. While analysing world trends it has been noted that the majority of electric cars owners live in private houses. This is due to the fact that people who are living in apartment buildings and planning on purchasing an electric car come across multiple issues when it comes to charging the car at their living area at night. Therefore, the aim of this article is to evaluate the opportunities of developing access points for charging electric cars around the territory of apartment buildings. To achieve this we have raised these main objectives: have the EU member states already foreseen the necessary measures ensuring comfortable charging of electric cars in the territory of apartment buildings?; have the plans for the development of charging facilities in the territory of apartment buildings already been prepared?; which new technologies will be used for the safe charging of electric cars?

scholarly journals ANÁLISE MORFOLÓGICA DA INTRODUÇÃO DE VEÍCULOS ELÉTRICOS NO TRÁFEGO URBANO DE SÃO PAULO DOI:10.7444/fsrj.v3i1.66

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-37
Author(s):  
Lydia Lopes Correia da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Business Models ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Structural Architecture

Pressures of international organizations and governmental regulations have increased substantially when it comes to the reduction of dependence on fossil fuels and transport pollutants emissions. To meet these challenges, the automotive industry invests large sums in research and development on a broad portfolio of new technologies related to vehicular propulsion. Considering the alternatives under development, electric vehicles, specifically, have received increased attention both in Brazil and abroad. This study aims to contribute with the construction of future scenarios in 2020 concerning the introduction of electric vehicles in São Paulo´s urban traffic, an integral part of the CNPq/FINEP research project which is being undertaken at the University of São Paulo (USP/FEA), coordinated by Prof. James T. C. Wright. The Morphological Analysis method was adopted given the fact that it facilitates the structuring of the managerial and technological complexities of the proposed problem, with views to identifying the variables and their critical relations for the prospection of scenarios. The variables that influence an urban transport system were structured into four logical groups: scope of usage, structural architecture and propulsion system of the vehicle, road and energy supply/recharge infrastructure and finally, business models. These groups, in turn, were analysed at distinct levels, leading to other variables. Subsequently, alternative forms, which the selected variables could take on, were generated. The multidimensional matrix resulting from this set of combinatorial possibilities was then carefully verified in terms of feasibility and consistency in order to identify the basic settings of greatest interest to the scenarios prospecting effort.Key words: Prospective scenarios. Morphological analysis. Electric vehicles.

scholarly journals Using Solar Energy for Charging Electric Vehicles in Poland – a case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Marańda
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Electric Transport ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
Energy Transfers ◽  
Battery Technology

The recent advancements in the fields of electric propulsion and battery technology have made possible the implementation of all-electric transport within the coming decades. However, the widespread use of electric cars could seriously threaten the existing capabilities of energy generation and the load of the utility grid. This work investigates the use of solar energy for producing energy for transportation locally, using energy buffering and minimizing grid energy transfers. A case-study of an electric car and dedicated PV-system is investigated for the duration of a full year in Polish climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Is It Possible to Develop Electromobility in Urban Passenger Shipping in Post-Communist Countries? Evidence from Gdańsk, Poland

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 6362
Author(s):  
Marcin Połom ◽  
Maciej Tarkowski ◽  
Krystian Puzdrakiewicz ◽  
Łukasz Dopierała
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
System A ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
The City

Reducing emissions of pollutants from transport is clearly one of the main challenges of the constantly developing world. Because the environmental impact of different means of transport is significant, it is necessary to cut down on fossil fuels and turn to more eco-friendly solutions, e.g., electric vehicles. Almost all European countries are now adapting their transport policies to this new paradigm. Nonetheless, due to large economic disparities, these processes are currently at different levels of implementation in Western and Eastern Europe. The main focus is on private electric cars and more traditional means of transport, rather than water trams. This article presents possible means of developing water tram lines in Gdańsk served by hybrid or full-electric vehicles. The analysis presented herein reflects the multidimensional nature of the issue. The article provides data on the socio-economic situation in the city, technical issues related to the implementation of such tram lines, and the possible consequences of introducing a new means of transportation into the existing system. A key part of the analysis is the identification of anticipated economic and environmental consequences of introducing both hybrid and full-electric vehicles into the system. A comprehensive socio-economic and technical-environmental analysis of the possibilities of developing urban electromobility in the form of urban passenger shipping in post-communist countries, such as that presented in this paper, has not been previously published.

scholarly journals Should All Cars Be Electric by 2025? The Electric Car Debate in Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Ortar ◽  
Marianne Ryghaug
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Modal Shift ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
Subsequent Discussion ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
Vantage Points ◽  
Online Debate ◽  
Engine Power

The car is still the most common mode of transport in Western countries, particularly so across the European Union, as it accounts for about two-thirds of daily commuting. So far, measures aiming to reduce automobile traffic and incentives for the modal shift to public transport and non-polluting methods of travel (walking, cycling, etc.) have had little effect. Moreover, the car lies at the core of a very complex system that has proven to be difficult to unlock. In light of these challenges, using new types of engine power may appear to be a solution. Electric vehicles have the potential to improve the efficiency, affordability, and sustainability of the transport system. However, there remains much uncertainty as to how such a transition from one type of engine to another may unfold, and where it could take place within the European context. In June 2017, the H2020 project SHAPE-ENERGY launched an online debate on the Debating Europe platform with the question: “Should all cars be electric by 2025?”. The aim of the debate was to elicit citizens views on whether the goal could be reached, how and with which consequences. The diversity of the vantage points that have appeared in the subsequent discussion generated by the strands of debate allows us to bring into discussion the viewpoints and arguments that are not often addressed in the literature on the adoption of electric cars in a comprehensive way. The article sheds light on those debates across Europe, in order to bring new insights to European policymakers that are seeking to promote the market for electric vehicles. It also broadens the scope and offers important contributions to scholarly debates on the diffusion and adoption of such vehicles.

A Transformative Practice? Meaning, Competence, and Material Aspects of Driving Electric Cars in Norway

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Ryghaug ◽  
Marit Toftaker
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Social Practice Theory ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Car Use ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Car Driving

This article focuses on the introduction of electric vehicles in Norway and how electrical cars are understood culturally in relation to conventional car use. Theoretically, elements of social practice theory and the analysis of processes of domestication are combined to frame practical, cognitive, and symbolic dimensions of electric car use. The empirical data consists of individual and focus group interviews with electric car users. The analysis unpacks the implications of user-designated meaning in driving practices, competencies considered necessary when driving electric cars, and the material aspects regarded as critical features of electric car driving. Preliminary findings suggest that the practice of electric car driving alters user habits by making transportation needs more salient and raises both the technological and energy consumption awareness of users.

scholarly journals BATTERIES AS A TOOL AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGES

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavko Mentus
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
The Troubles ◽  
The World ◽  
Near Future

In order to prevent rising danger caused by climate changes, in recent decades an agreement on the level of United Nations was established, to reduce gradually the consumption of fossil fuels until its total termination. This agreement (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)) until 2018 was signed by a majority of countries in the world. One of the requirements was the transition to electrically powered automobiles, which in developed countries started roughly in 2010. The competition between fuel cells and batteries as driving tools became actual then, but in the key moment batteries mainfested themselves to be technologically superior. Already in 2018 the number of battery driven electric cars produced in leading developed countries was expressed in millions. Following this new and significant role of batteries, the aim of this contribution is a) a short presentation of the principle of energy conversion in batteries and their energetic characteristics, b) the survey of the requirements to the reactants in chemical reaction of a battery, from which the troubles in their development may be derived, depending on the materials technology, c) the competitiveness of batteries to the fossil fuels in an energetic sense, and, d) the forecast what one may expect in near future from the competitive power of batteries within the scope of development of new materials.

scholarly journals The Role Of Brand Image As Mediating Variable In The Influence Of Price And Promotion On Buying Interest (Study Case On Hyundai Electric Car)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 1743-1754
Author(s):  
Soegeng Wahyoedi ◽  
Saparso ◽  
Miki Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Brand Image ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Electric Car

The development of environmentally friendly vehicles is currently a global trend among car manufacturers. This is in addition to being triggered by regulations from countries that have committed in the 2016 Paris agreement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and save fossil-based fuels that will run out, considering that fossil fuels are a type of non-renewable natural resource. For this reason, the global automotive industry has begun to produce electric cars, which are referred to as renewable energy sources, and to reduce carbon emissions. Because this electric car is a new product, researchers are interested in knowing how someone is buying an electric car. One of the elements that influence a person's buying interest is the price. Besides the price, buying interest is also influenced by promotion. With the proper promotion, it can encourage people to buy. Therefore, this study wanted to examine the effect of price and promotion on buying interest mediated by brand image. Sampling using non-probability sampling and purposive sampling with criteria for the general public living in Jabodetabek who already have a car and can buy a car. Data analysis in this study used a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach based on Partial Least Square. This study found that price, promotion, and brand image had a significant and positive effect on buying interest. Brand image mediates significantly and positively the relationship between price and promotion on purchase intention.

scholarly journals MODERN ELECTRIC CARS OF TESLA MOTORS COMPANY

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. F. Vynakov ◽  
E. V. Savolova ◽  
A. I. Skrynnyk
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Battery Charging ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
Charging Time ◽  
The World ◽  
Maximum Range ◽  
History Of

This overview article shows the advantages of a modern electric car as compared with internal combustion cars by the example of the electric vehicles of Tesla Motors Company. It (в смысле- статья) describes the history of this firm, provides technical and tactical characteristics of three modifications of electric vehicles produced by Tesla Motors. Modern electric cars are not less powerful than cars with combustion engines both in speed and acceleration amount. They are reliable, economical and safe in operation. With every year the maximum range of an electric car is increasing and its battery charging time is decreasing.Solving the problem of environmental safety, the governments of most countries are trying to encourage people to switch to electric cars by creating subsidy programs, lending and abolition of taxation. Therefore, the advent of an electric vehicle in all major cities of the world is inevitable.

scholarly journals The Comparative Assessment of Effects on the Power System and Environment of Selected Electric Transport Means in Poland

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4556
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Markowska ◽  
Józef Flizikowski ◽  
Kazimierz Bieliński ◽  
Andrzej Tomporowski ◽  
Weronika Kruszelnicka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Electric Transport ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Electric Cars

Currently, electric vehicles are a rapidly growing alternative to those with combustion engines and can contribute to reduction of CO2 emissions in the transport sector, especially when the energy to power electric motors is predominantly derived from renewable sources. Until now, the comparison of environmental impact and influence of electric transport means on the power systems was not fully addressed in the case of Poland. The purpose of the study is to describe, analyse and assess electric vehicles (EV) operation against performance indicators in Poland, especially the influence of electric transport means (ETM) (electric cars, trams, trolley buses and buses) on power system and environment. The influence on the power system was investigated for the Polish National Powers system using the simulation of different scenarios of loads generated by EV charging. The energy demand of the National Power System and daily load variability indices were determined. Based on the data of ETM powers consumption and emissions of energy production, the emissions of harmful gases per one km and per one person were calculated, as well as the financial outlays for energy necessary to drive 1 km per 1 passenger. To assess and compare the environmental impact of the selected ETM life cycle, the life cycle assessment method was used. The results of environmental impacts were determined for selected assessment methods: CML 2 and IPCC 2013 GWP 100. The functional unit in this study is one selected ETM with a service life of 100,000 km. Comparison of trams, trolley buses, buses and electric passenger cars indicates that most beneficial are electric buses which do not need rails or overhead lines, thus investment costs are lower.

scholarly journals Electric cars: Are they solution to reduce CO2 emission?

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5 Part A) ◽  
pp. 2879-2889
Author(s):  
Djordje Petrovic ◽  
Dalibor Pesic ◽  
Maja Petrovic ◽  
Radomir Mijailovic
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Reducing Co2 Emission

Reducing CO2 emission is one of the major environmental challenges for transportation. One way to solve this problem is to replace old cars that use fossil fuels (petrol, diesel) with new electric cars. In this paper, the existing model for calculating well-to-wheels CO2 emission during the life cycle of the car (fossil fuel car and electric car) is upgraded. The developed model is used for comparing optimal lifetime and optimal car?s kilometers driven during a lifetime in the replacement process of a fossil fuel car with a new electric car. We find that reducing CO2 emission depends on the type of fossil fuel, and the weight of fossil fuel cars and electric cars. Changing petrol fossil fuel cars with lower weight electric cars have the greatest potential for reducing CO2 emission. However, the introduction of electric cars does not achieve a significant reduction of CO2 emission in countries where electricity is primarily produced in thermal power plants, i. e. in countries with a high emission factor of electricity production.

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