scholarly journals BIOACCUMULATION OF LEAD AND ZINC IN FISHES FROM KAIRIAI LANDFILL AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS / ŠVINO IR CINKO KAUPIMASIS ŽUVYSE, GYVENANČIOSE KAIRIŲ SĄVARTYNO VANDENS EKOSISTEMOSE

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-423
Author(s):  
Jolanta Pilecka ◽  
Jolita Bradulienė ◽  
Dainius Paliulis
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Sampling Station ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Predatory Fishes

Heavy metals (HM) present in landfill leachate are the most dangerous pollutants, because they are stable, non-biodegradable and they can migrate from one biological system to another and accumulate in aquatic organisms. Fish are unique organisms capable to uptake and accumulate heavy metals. The aim of this study was to determine lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) accumulation in body tissues of bentophagous and predatory fishes from Kairiai landfill regional aquatic ecosystem (Švedė Creek and Ginkūnai Pond). The amount of HM in fish organs was established by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Investigated Pb concentrations in the tissues of fish ranged from 0.725 to 0.173 mg/kg of RM, and Zn concentrations ranged from 92.758 to 5,984 mg/kg of RM. Quantitatively Pb accumulates in the body tissues of bentophagous and predatory fishes by the following sequence: muscle>gills>liver, while Zn accumulates in the body tissues of fishes in this way: gills>liver>muscle. Most of Pb was detected in muscle of bentophagous and predatory fishes from 1 sampling station and muscle of bentophagous fish from 0 sampling station (an average 0.713 mg/kg of RM) and at least in gills of bentophagous fish from 6 sampling station (0.173 mg/kg of RM). Most of Zn was detected in gills of bentophagous fish from 1 sampling station and gills of predatory fish from 0 sampling station (an average 92.475 mg/kg of RM) and at least in muscle of bentophagous and predatory fishes from 4 sampling station. Detected Pb concentrations in muscle were 2.5 times higher than maximum allowable amounts (MAA) in fish and fish products while in gills and liver – 1.7 times higher. Detected Zn concentrations in gills were 1.2 times higher than MAA. Correlation analysis showed a statistically significant negative correlation between Pb and Zn concentration in the tissues of fish and distance to the landfill. Sąvartyno filtrate esantys sunkieji metalai (SM) – pavojingiausi teršalai, nes yra stabilūs, ilgai nesuyra, todėl migruoja ekosistemose ir kaupiasi organizmuose. Žuvys pasižymi geromis sunkiųjų metalų akumuliacinėmis savybėmis, šie jų organizme sugeba išlikti ilgam. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti švino (Pb) ir cinko (Zn) kaupimąsi plėšriųjų ir bentofaginių žuvų, gyvenančių vandens ekosistemose šalia Šiaulių regiono Kairių sąvartyno (Švedės upelyje ir Ginkūnų tvenkinyje), audiniuose. SM kiekis žuvų audiniuose nustatytas atominės absorbcijos spektrofotometriniu būdu. Tirtų žuvų audiniuose Pb koncentracijos svyravo nuo 0,725 iki 0,173 mg/kg ž. m., o Zn nuo 92,758 iki 5,984 mg/kg ž. m. Kiekybiškai Pb bentofaginių ir plėšriųjų žuvų audiniuose kaupiasi tokia seka: raumenys > žiaunos > kepenys, o Zn žuvų audiniuose akumuliuojasi tokia tvarka: žiaunos > kepenys > raumenys. Daugiausiai Pb buvo aptikta 1-os stoties bentofaginių ir plėšriųjų žuvų raumenyse bei 0-ės stoties bentofaginių žuvų raumenyse (vidutiniškai 0,713 mg/kg ž. m.), o mažiausiai 6-os stoties bentofaginių žuvų žiaunose (0,173 mg/kg ž. m.). Didžiausias Zn kiekis nustatytas 1-os st. bentofaginių žuvų žiaunose ir 0-ės stoties plėšriųjų žuvų žiaunose (vidutiniškai 92,475 mg/kg ž. m.), o mažiausias Zn kiekis nustatytas 4-os stoties bentofaginių ir plėšriųjų žuvų raumenyse. Pb kiekis raumenyse vidutiniškai 2,5 karto viršijo didžiausią leidžiamąją koncentraciją (DLK) žuvyse ir žuvies produktuose, o žiaunose ir kepenyse – 1,7 karto. Žuvų žiaunose nustatyta Zn koncentracija vidutiniškai 1,2 karto viršijo DLK. Atlikus koreliacinę analizę nustatytas statistiškai patikimas neigiamas ryšys tarp Pb ir Zn kiekio žuvų audiniuose ir atstumo iki Kairių sąvartyno.

scholarly journals Cuantificación de metales pesados (Hg, As, Pb y Cr) en organismos acuáticos: cangrejo rojo (Ucides occidentalis) / Quantification of heavy metals (Hg, As, Pb and Cr) in aquatic organisms: red crab ( Ucides occidentalis )

Ciencia Unemi ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Humberto Ayala Armijos ◽  
Jhonny Perez Rodriguez ◽  
Cesar Quezada Abad ◽  
Alfonso Silva Ochoa ◽  
Liliana Cortez Suarez
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Sampling Station ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar, mediante Espectrofotometría de Absorción Atómica (AAS), la concentración de metales pesados (plomo, cromo, arsénico y mercurio) en tejido blando del cangrejo rojo (Ucides occidentalis). Las capturas se realizaron en cinco estaciones de muestreo a lo largo de las riberas del estero Huaylá, Machala, Ecuador, en octubre de 2014. Los especímenes se colocaron en fundas de polietileno y se refrigeraron hasta el momento del análisis, los tejidos se obtuvieron de la parte cefalotoráxica, de la cual se tomaron 2,5 g de muestras, estas se digirieron mediante oxidación húmeda para poder ser analizadas a través de AAS. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan que la mayor concentración promedio de plomo (Pb) en tejido blando de cangrejo rojo fue de 13,5 ± 0,45 mg.kg-1 en la estación de muestreo 3 y cromo (Cr) 8,84 ± 0,06 mg.kg-1 en la estación de muestreo 1. La concentración mayor de arsénico (As) fue de 33,59 ± 0,38 mg.kg-1 en la estación de muestreo 4 y mercurio (Hg) 142,54 ± 0,39 mg.kg-1 en la estación de muestreo 4. Por consiguiente, se concluyó que los contenidos de metales analizados superaron los límites máximos establecidos por la Unión Europea (2014) para este tipo de alimento, en todas las estaciones de muestreo. AbstractThe objective of this research was to determine by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS), the concentration of heavy metals (lead, chromium, arsenic and mercury) in the soft tissue of the red crab (Ucides occidentalis). Catches were conducted in five sampling stations along the banks of the estuary Huayla, Machala, Ecuador, in October 2014. The specimens were placed in polyethylene bags and refrigerated until the time of analysis; 2.5 g of tissue samples from the cephalothorax was obtained and digested by wet oxidation to be analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that the highest average concentration of lead (Pb) in soft tissue red crab was 13.5 ± 0.45 mg.kg-1 in the sampling station 3 and chromium (Cr) 8.84 ± 0, 06 mg.kg-1 in the sampling station 1. The highest concentration of arsenic (As) was 33.59 ± 0.38 mg.kg-1 in the sampling station 4 and mercury (Hg) 142.54 ± 0.39 mg.kg-1 in the sampling station 4. Therefore we conclude that in all sampling stations the content of heavy metals exceeds the ceilings set by the European Union (2014) for this type of food.

Polymorphism of p-450 cytochrome detoxication genes in adolescents depending on the degree of contamination of the organism by heavy metals

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-482
Author(s):  
N. P. Setko ◽  
A. G. Setko ◽  
Ekaterina V. Bulycheva ◽  
A. V. Tyurin ◽  
E. Yu. Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Cyp2b6 Gene ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Gene Cyp1a1 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction. Changes in the body of children and adolescents aimed at adapting to environmental factors are determined by genetic polymorphism in xenobiotic biotransformation genes, determining the degree of susceptibility of the child’s body to pollutants, which is the basis of modern personalized preventive medicine when managing risks to the health of the child population under the influence of environmental factors. Material and methods. Trace elements, including heavy metals, lead and cadmium, were determined in the hair of 256 practically healthy teenagers by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Depending on the level of content of the latter, two groups of adolescents were formed to determine six genes of the cytochrome P-450 family. Group 1 consisted of adolescents whose cadmium lead content exceeded the average Russian indices. The second group included adolescents whose heavy metals were above the level of average Russian standards. Results. Studies have shown that in adolescents of the 1st group, compared with the data of adolescents of the 2nd group, an increase in the number of carriers of two mutant alleles at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) is 3.08 times, rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1) is 1. 8 times; locus rs 2069522 (CYP1A2 gene) 3.63 times; locus rs 1799853 (CYP2C9 * 2 gene) 4.5 times; locus rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) 3.8 times and locus rs 2279343 (gene CYP2B6) 4.25 times. Moreover, carriers of two normal alleles in adolescents of the first group at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) were 5.14 times; locus rs 2279343 (CYP2B6 gene) was 6.5 fold less than among adolescents of the 2nd group; and at the locus rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1), rs 2069522 (gene CYP1A2), rs 1799853 (gene CYP2C9 * 2), rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) there were no carriers of normal homozygotes. Conclusion. Group 1 adolescents with heavy metal contamination of the body are carriers significantly in a greater number of pathological mutations in the genes of the cytochrome P-450 detoxification system in comparison with data from group 2 adolescents.

scholarly journals Residual Metal Contamination of the ecosystem in the lower course of the Jihlava River

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Spurný ◽  
Jan Mareš ◽  
Josef Hedbávný ◽  
Ivo Sukop
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Previous Investigation ◽  
Fish Community ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Index Of Diversity

In November 2001, October and November 2002, the concentrations of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni were determined in four localities of the lower course of the Jihlava River (Czech Republic). The river water, sediments of the riverbed, zoobenthos and tissues of the fish (gill, gonad, skin, dorsal muscle) were analysed. The chub (Leuciscus cephalus) was used as the ichthyo-indicator. At the same time, the stability of the fish community was evaluated using electrofishing and applying basic ichthyological methods. The work links up with previous investigation of the upper course of the Jihlava River (three localities) carried out by the authors in the same way in 1999. The aim of present study was the completion of previous investigation in the whole longitudinal river profile by monitoring selected heavy metals. The highest Cr (14.290 – 77.070 mg/kg), Zn (13.600 – 92.930 mg/kg) and Ni concentrations (12.290 – 36.680 mg/kg) were found in sediments and their highest loading by all of the monitored metals (without Ni) was detected in the last downstream locality (Pohořelice). Zoobenthos was most contaminated by Zn and Cu (7.480 – 62.690 and 8.050 – 21.810 mg/kg). In the body tissues of the chubs, the highest concentrations of Cd, Hg, Cu, Zn and Ni were determined in the gills, while Pb was also high in gills but also in gonads, the skin and in the muscle tissue. Concentrations of the analysed metals in the chub muscle were (in mg/kg): Hg 0.040 ± 0.014 – 0.133 ± 0.063, Cd 0.003 ± 0.002 – 0.010 ± 0.004, Pb 0.045 ± 0.038 – 0.768 ± 0.038, Cr 0.046 ± 0.023 – 0.106 ± 0.092, Cu 0.203 ± 0.123 – 0.634 ± 0.194, Zn 4.25 ± 0.84 – 6.69 ± 2.95 and Ni 0.062 ± 0.018 – 0.103 ± 0.030. Significant differences in the chub muscle were found concerning Hg, Pb, Cu (P < 0.01) and Cd (P < 0.05). Taking into consideration the actually valid FAO/WHO limits for human consumption of chub muscle from the investigated river section, only Hg (PTWI 2.3 kg in locality 7) and Pb (PTWI 2.0 kg in locality 4) could constitute some risk for human health. The index of diversity of the fish community was 0.825 – 2.110, equitability index 0.380 – 0.793, abundance 312.6 – 2,106.5 fish/ha and biomass 46.7 – 451.5 kg/ha. The water quality was characterized as betamesosaprobic (saprobity index 1.77 – 2.18). The results of the study reveal detailed ecological data concerning heavy metals contamination of the whole Jihlava River ecosystem (water, sediment, zoobenthos, fish). The outcome of this study extends our knowledge about metals accumulation in different fish tissues (gill, gonad, skin and muscle).

scholarly journals Heavy metal contents of Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu in splendid ponyfish Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier, 1829) meat in Banten Bay, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 01022
Author(s):  
Lisbet Sagala ◽  
Sulistiono ◽  
Djamar T.F.L. Batu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Heavy Metal Content ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Observation Period

Banten Bay is an area affected by industrial, shipping, and domestic activities. These have the potential to produce wastes in the form of heavy metals and can accumulate in the body of aquatic organisms such as the splendid ponyfish Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier, 1829). This study aimed to determine the accumulation of heavy metals Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu in splendid ponyfish Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier, 1829) meat in Banten Bay, Serang Regency, Banten Province. Sampling was carried out for three months, from August to October 2020. Analysis of heavy metal content was carried out using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). The content of heavy metals Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu in splendid ponyfish meat were <0.030 mg/kg, <0.001 mg/kg, <0.005 mg/kg, and 0.224-0.437 mg/kg. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu in small and big splendid ponyfish meat has a low accumulation rate. During the observation period, the heavy metal content of Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu in small and big splendid ponyfish meat was not significantly different.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KANDUNGAN LOGAM BERAT Pb DAN Cd DI MUARA SUNGAI MANGGAR BALIKPAPAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Godfrida Any Yusriana Dewi ◽  
Steven A Samson ◽  
Usman Usman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metal Bioaccumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation

Human activities around the estuary of the Manggar river in Balikpapan produce waste disposal and cause heavy metal contamination such as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in water bodies. The contaminant can endanger the life of aquatic organisms. It can also occurs heavy metal bioaccumulation in the body of the aquatic organisms. The results show that the heavy metal content of Pb and Cd in water, sediment and water biota indicated that the estuary of the Manggar River was contaminated by heavy metals. The content of Pb and Cd in water is 0.276 mg/l and 0.020 mg/l, in sediments is 24.7 mg/kg and 4.52 mg/kg, and in the biota is 4.20 mg/kg and 0.80 mg/kg. This means that fish and shells taken from the waters around the estuary of the Manggar River are not safe for consumption because they can interfere the human health.

Application of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) for Remediation of Emerging Pollutants - A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Jia Hui Chung ◽  
Nur Hasyimah ◽  
Norelyza Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Wide Range

Nanotechnology is currently an upward trend in diverse fields, and therefore, its application will be reviewed in this paper. One of the nanotechnologies which can be used in environmental remediation is carbon nanotube (CNT). Its excellent mechanical and chemical properties allow it to have better achievement in remediating a wide range of organic and inorganic pollutants. CNT can be categorized into two types: single-walled carbon nanotube and multi-walled carbon nanotube. Due to urbanization, various types of pollutants have been released into the environment in great amounts. For instance, estrogen is the hormone generated and released from animals and humans. However, the overconcentration of estrogen affects the physiology of biological life. Besides, pesticides are frequently used by farmers to increase the fertility of the land for agricultural purposes, while heavy metals are commonly found during anthropogenic activities. Long-term absorption of heavy metals into the body tissues will accumulate toxic effects, leading to body system dysfunction. Hence, CNT technologies, including adsorption, membrane filtration, disinfection, hybrid catalysis, and sensing and monitoring, can be applied to remediate these pollutants. However, the application of nanotechnology and CNT faces several challenges, such as production costs, toxicity, ecological risks, and public acceptance. Application of CNT also has pros and cons, such that the lightweight of the CNT allows them to replace metallic wires, but dealing with nano-sized components makes it challenging.

scholarly journals The Productivity of cows with alimentary intake of heavy metals

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-62
Author(s):  
O. Mamenko ◽  
S. Portyannik
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Diffi Cult ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

The production of milk in agro ecosystems that situated around developed industrial centers can be greatly complicated by the pollution of the environment by heavy metals, especially cadmium and lead. Milk producers seek to produce not only ecologically safe, biologically fully validand high-quality milk, but also to achieve the maximum level of productivity of cows for the breed (maximum use of genetic potential of cattle), which in such ecological conditions is extremely diffi cult task. There are situations when the level of food contamination of the diet is insignifi cant and exclude them from the diet. It is very diffi cult toreplace with more qualitative.That’s why it is imperative to create some new simple economically-technologically and economically effi cient methods of production of high-quality, competitive milk market with simultaneous increase in the volume of its production. The market off ers the usage of various reentrants in the experiments of feed supplements, new premixes, and etc. The search for more eff ective means remains relevant and includs sorbents (treads), which, while reducing the load of productive animals with heavy meta-lams, contributed to an increase in average daily milk yields. Biochemical analysis of selected samples of plant and animal origin: feed, blood, internal organs and tissues, urine and milk on the content of macro-, microelements including heavy metals, etc. conducted by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (spectrophotometer AAS-30). The accounting of dairy productivity of cows was carried out on the basis of the decade's control tastes. The purpose of the research is to assess the milk yield of cows fed with high levels of heavy metals Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and the simultaneous use of antidiabetic agents. The complex application of the specially developed, adapted to actual diets of cows’ feeding as antitoxic mineral-vitamin premix MP-A is off ered and checked It was also checkedthe subcutaneous injection of biological active preparation "BP-9" of plant origin for the protection of the cows’ body from the toxic eff ects of heavy metals, in particular, it has been proposed and tested in experiments, such as cadmium and lead. The joint action of premix and biopreparatur increases the excretion of pollutants from the body of cows with urine, reduces their transition to dairy raw materials.That allows to producethe milk that meets domestic and international quality standards, and due to the supremacy of the basic diet with the necessary micro, macro elements, vitamins increases milk productivity on average 1.6 times from 3477–4426 kg to 5697–6899 kg, which provides rent-free production of milk in farms.But it does not allow to realizein full force and eff ect the genetic potential of black and red-spotted dairy breedbreed at 7–9 thousand kg per lactation. Further research is aimed at the development of more eff ective antidote substances, which have contributed to the production of environmentally safe milk and to maximize the use of animal breeding potential. Key words: daily averageyield of milk, premix, bioproduct, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, contaminated feeds, antidote substances.

scholarly journals BIOACCUMULATION OF LEAD IN BODY TISSUES OF ATLANTIC SALMON (SALMO SALAR L): EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS / ŠVINO BIOAKUMULIACIJOS ATLANTINIŲ LAŠIŠŲ (SALMO SALAR L.) KŪNO AUDINIUOSE EKSPERIMENTINIS TYRIMAS IR LYGINAMOJI ANALIZĖ

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimondas Idzelis ◽  
Gintarė Sauliutė ◽  
Joana Grigelevičiūtė ◽  
Gintaras Svecevičius
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gibel Carp ◽  
Stone Loach ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
One Year

The article presents tests on one-year artificially bred Atlantic salmon. For 14 days, fish were exposed to lead nitrate Pb (NO3)2 under concentration corresponding to the highest allowable standard of inland water making 0.005 mg Pb/l. Lead (Pb) in fish tissues (muscle and gills) was determined applying atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The obtained results have showed that the maximum-permissible-amount of lead in fish (MPA = 0.2 mg Pb/kg) (Lithuanian Hygiene Standard HN 54:2003) slightly exceeds in salmon gills (0.237 mg/kg), whereas in muscles, it exceeds more than twice (0.4 mg/kg). The received data have been compared with the results of the previous studies, where under the same experimental conditions, the bioaccumulation of lead in five types of fish, including roach, perch, rainbow trout, stone loach and gibel carp has been investigated. The conducted research has also revealed that different fish species quite differently accumulate lead while MPA has exceeded in the body tissues of a number of fish, i.e., in the majority of cases, it can be attributed to salmon and stone loach muscles and gills. When observing water bodies, the collected experimental data completely coincide with the results of studies on lead bioaccumulation in fish. Santrauka Bandymai buvo atliekami su dirbtinai veistų Atlantinių lašišų metinukais. 14 parų žuvys buvo veikiamos švino nitratu Pb(NO3)2 esant koncentracijai, atitinkančiai didžiausią leidžiamą koncentraciją paviršiniuose vandenyse (0,005 mg Pb/l). Švino (Pb) kiekis kūno audiniuose (raumenyse ir žiaunose) buvo nustatytas atominės absorbcijos spektrofotometriniu (AAS) būdu. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad didžiausias leidžiamas švino kiekis žuvyje (DLK = 0,2 mg Pb/kg, Lietuvos higienos norma HN 54:2003) nežymiai buvo viršytas lašišos žiaunose (0,237 mg/kg), o raumenyse viršytas net 2 kartus (0,4 mg/kg). Gauti rezultatai buvo palyginti su ankstesniųjų metų tyrimų duomenimis, kur analogiškomis eksperimentinėmis sąlygomis buvo tirtos penkios žuvų rūšys: kuoja, ešerys, vaivorykštinis upėtakis, šlyžys bei sidabrinis karosas. Buvo nustatyta, kad skirtingos žuvų rūšys labai skirtingai kaupia šviną, o DLK buvo viršytas daugelio žuvų kūno audiniuose. Daugiausiai švino DLK buvo viršyta lašišos ir šlyžio raumenyse ir žiaunose. Eksperimentiniai duomenys sutampa su švino kaupimosi žuvyse iš stebimų vandens telkinių tyrimų duomenimis.

Monitoring of Heavy Metals in the Water and Sediments of the Ganga River, India

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ajmal ◽  
Mujahid A. Khan ◽  
Azhar A. Nomani
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sampling Station ◽  
Ganges River ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
The Ganges ◽  
Nickel Lead

The concentrations of cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc in the water and sediments of the Ganges river were determine by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry in the year 1981. The respective ranges of concentrations of cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc found in the water were ND-0.53, ND-4.89, 3.20–56.6, ND-27.57, 22.0–133.8, 35.0–93.0, ND-2.22, 2.0–5.6 and 7.37–67.36 µgl−1 and in the sediments were ND-3.48, 2.35–14.4, 9.0–83.16, 11.27–95.0, 2168.0–11624.8, 110.5–470.0, 3.45–28.80, 0.55–21.8 and 72.0–418.6 µgg−1. The data showed that there was considerable variation in the elements from one sampling station to the other. The sediments collected from different sampling stations were also analysed for pH, calcium carbonate, organic matter, potassium and phosphorus.

scholarly journals ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN DIFFERENT BODY TISSUES OF GIBEL CARP 𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑔𝑖𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑜 SEPARATELY EXPOSED TO A MODEL MIXTURE (CU, ZN, NI, CR, PB, CD) AND NICKEL

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gintaras SVECEVIČIUS ◽  
Raimondas Leopoldas IDZELIS ◽  
Eglė MOCKUTĖ
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Model Mixture ◽  
Gibel Carp ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Exposed Fish ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Static Conditions

Heavy metals (HMs) are common persistent pollutants of aquatic ecosystems, which have a property to migrate and accumulate in water organisms. Little information has been compiled on HM accumulation and the interactions between them in fish exposed to their mixtures at environmentally-relevant concentrations. The aim of the present study was to determine accumulation patterns of Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb and Cd in the muscle, gills and liver of Gibel carp after 14-day exposure to HM model mixture (HMMM) and to Ni separately, at concentrations corresponding to Lithuanian inland water standards (Cu-0.01; Zn-0.1; Ni-0.01; Cr-0.01; Pb-0.005; Cd-0.005 mg/l, respectively). Laboratory tests were conducted on adult Gibel carp under semi-static conditions. The amounts of HMs in the water and body tissues were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Heavy metal accumulation order in body tissues of Gibel carp was as follows: muscle > gills > liver. The highest amounts found were of Zn (15.2 mg kg), while the lowest of Cd (0.012 mg/kg). In the muscle and gills, HMs were accumulated in the following order: Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr > Pb > Cd, while in the liver: Zn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cr > Cd. Meanwhile, the Ni concentration in HMMM-exposed fish liver and gills were significantly higher than in Ni-exposed fish. Data obtained showed that HM accumulation in Gibel carp body tissues was metal and tissue specific, i.e. different tissues showed a different capacity for accumulating HMs. Metals in mixture promoted Ni accumulation in test fish gills and liver under different experimental conditions due to the synergistic effects among them. Although the HM content in Gibel carp different body tissues increased in all cases (average of 49 to 224%) they did not exceed Maximum-Permissible-Amounts (MPA) indicated in the Lithuanian Hygiene Standard.

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