scholarly journals Residual Metal Contamination of the ecosystem in the lower course of the Jihlava River

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Spurný ◽  
Jan Mareš ◽  
Josef Hedbávný ◽  
Ivo Sukop
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Previous Investigation ◽  
Fish Community ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Index Of Diversity

In November 2001, October and November 2002, the concentrations of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni were determined in four localities of the lower course of the Jihlava River (Czech Republic). The river water, sediments of the riverbed, zoobenthos and tissues of the fish (gill, gonad, skin, dorsal muscle) were analysed. The chub (Leuciscus cephalus) was used as the ichthyo-indicator. At the same time, the stability of the fish community was evaluated using electrofishing and applying basic ichthyological methods. The work links up with previous investigation of the upper course of the Jihlava River (three localities) carried out by the authors in the same way in 1999. The aim of present study was the completion of previous investigation in the whole longitudinal river profile by monitoring selected heavy metals. The highest Cr (14.290 – 77.070 mg/kg), Zn (13.600 – 92.930 mg/kg) and Ni concentrations (12.290 – 36.680 mg/kg) were found in sediments and their highest loading by all of the monitored metals (without Ni) was detected in the last downstream locality (Pohořelice). Zoobenthos was most contaminated by Zn and Cu (7.480 – 62.690 and 8.050 – 21.810 mg/kg). In the body tissues of the chubs, the highest concentrations of Cd, Hg, Cu, Zn and Ni were determined in the gills, while Pb was also high in gills but also in gonads, the skin and in the muscle tissue. Concentrations of the analysed metals in the chub muscle were (in mg/kg): Hg 0.040 ± 0.014 – 0.133 ± 0.063, Cd 0.003 ± 0.002 – 0.010 ± 0.004, Pb 0.045 ± 0.038 – 0.768 ± 0.038, Cr 0.046 ± 0.023 – 0.106 ± 0.092, Cu 0.203 ± 0.123 – 0.634 ± 0.194, Zn 4.25 ± 0.84 – 6.69 ± 2.95 and Ni 0.062 ± 0.018 – 0.103 ± 0.030. Significant differences in the chub muscle were found concerning Hg, Pb, Cu (P < 0.01) and Cd (P < 0.05). Taking into consideration the actually valid FAO/WHO limits for human consumption of chub muscle from the investigated river section, only Hg (PTWI 2.3 kg in locality 7) and Pb (PTWI 2.0 kg in locality 4) could constitute some risk for human health. The index of diversity of the fish community was 0.825 – 2.110, equitability index 0.380 – 0.793, abundance 312.6 – 2,106.5 fish/ha and biomass 46.7 – 451.5 kg/ha. The water quality was characterized as betamesosaprobic (saprobity index 1.77 – 2.18). The results of the study reveal detailed ecological data concerning heavy metals contamination of the whole Jihlava River ecosystem (water, sediment, zoobenthos, fish). The outcome of this study extends our knowledge about metals accumulation in different fish tissues (gill, gonad, skin and muscle).

Application of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) for Remediation of Emerging Pollutants - A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Jia Hui Chung ◽  
Nur Hasyimah ◽  
Norelyza Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Wide Range

Nanotechnology is currently an upward trend in diverse fields, and therefore, its application will be reviewed in this paper. One of the nanotechnologies which can be used in environmental remediation is carbon nanotube (CNT). Its excellent mechanical and chemical properties allow it to have better achievement in remediating a wide range of organic and inorganic pollutants. CNT can be categorized into two types: single-walled carbon nanotube and multi-walled carbon nanotube. Due to urbanization, various types of pollutants have been released into the environment in great amounts. For instance, estrogen is the hormone generated and released from animals and humans. However, the overconcentration of estrogen affects the physiology of biological life. Besides, pesticides are frequently used by farmers to increase the fertility of the land for agricultural purposes, while heavy metals are commonly found during anthropogenic activities. Long-term absorption of heavy metals into the body tissues will accumulate toxic effects, leading to body system dysfunction. Hence, CNT technologies, including adsorption, membrane filtration, disinfection, hybrid catalysis, and sensing and monitoring, can be applied to remediate these pollutants. However, the application of nanotechnology and CNT faces several challenges, such as production costs, toxicity, ecological risks, and public acceptance. Application of CNT also has pros and cons, such that the lightweight of the CNT allows them to replace metallic wires, but dealing with nano-sized components makes it challenging.

scholarly journals Konsentrasi Logam Berat Timbal (Pb), dan Kadmium (Cd) pada Telur Penyu Lekang (Lepidochelys Olivacea) di Pulau Serangan, Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Carolina Asrin ◽  
I Gusti Ngurah Putra Dirgayusa ◽  
Elok Faiqoh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Marine Organism ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Olive Ridley ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Lepidochelys Olivacea

Sea turtles is one of the marine megafauna which has categorized as protected animal. They are able to migrate long distance along the Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean. Heavy metals may enter to marine organism bodies through three ways including, food ingestion, gills, and surface diffusion of the skin. Accumulation of heavy metals in the body for a long time may disrupt the circulatory system, nerves and kidney work.  The effort to increase the hatching success is very important for the turtle conservation. Therefore, this study was aims to examined the concentration of heavy metals detected in the eggs of olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) turtle.This study was conducted between July - September 2019 in Serangan Island. The method used in this study was a purposive random sampling, determined by four olive ridley’s nests in their nesting period  with each nest of 5 egg samples. The heavy metal contents were analyzed with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results showed that Pb concentrations ranged from 5.50-103.66 mg/kg with an average of 36.49 mg/kg, while Cd concentrations ranged from 0.07-16.25 mg/kg with an average of 0.96 mg/kg.  The concentrations of heavy metals in sea turtle eggs may come from their parent, which might be already accumulated heavy metals in their tissues. This might occur due to the substances in the eggshell are capable to absorb heavy metals. The results of this study highlight the average concentration of heavy metals in L. olivacea eggs exceeded the threshold of heavy metals for egg products set by the Indonesian Regulation of the Food and Drug Control Agency (BPOM) No. 5 of 2018. This indicates that the eggs of Olive ridley sea turtle in the region are unsafe for human consumption. In addition sea turtle eggs are in high risk for human consumption because they contain heavy metals. All types of turtle products are also protected by UU No. 5 of 1990, therefore the culture of the community in consuming and trading turtle products must be stopped.

scholarly journals BIOACCUMULATION OF LEAD AND ZINC IN FISHES FROM KAIRIAI LANDFILL AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS / ŠVINO IR CINKO KAUPIMASIS ŽUVYSE, GYVENANČIOSE KAIRIŲ SĄVARTYNO VANDENS EKOSISTEMOSE

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-423
Author(s):  
Jolanta Pilecka ◽  
Jolita Bradulienė ◽  
Dainius Paliulis
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Sampling Station ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Predatory Fishes

Heavy metals (HM) present in landfill leachate are the most dangerous pollutants, because they are stable, non-biodegradable and they can migrate from one biological system to another and accumulate in aquatic organisms. Fish are unique organisms capable to uptake and accumulate heavy metals. The aim of this study was to determine lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) accumulation in body tissues of bentophagous and predatory fishes from Kairiai landfill regional aquatic ecosystem (Švedė Creek and Ginkūnai Pond). The amount of HM in fish organs was established by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Investigated Pb concentrations in the tissues of fish ranged from 0.725 to 0.173 mg/kg of RM, and Zn concentrations ranged from 92.758 to 5,984 mg/kg of RM. Quantitatively Pb accumulates in the body tissues of bentophagous and predatory fishes by the following sequence: muscle>gills>liver, while Zn accumulates in the body tissues of fishes in this way: gills>liver>muscle. Most of Pb was detected in muscle of bentophagous and predatory fishes from 1 sampling station and muscle of bentophagous fish from 0 sampling station (an average 0.713 mg/kg of RM) and at least in gills of bentophagous fish from 6 sampling station (0.173 mg/kg of RM). Most of Zn was detected in gills of bentophagous fish from 1 sampling station and gills of predatory fish from 0 sampling station (an average 92.475 mg/kg of RM) and at least in muscle of bentophagous and predatory fishes from 4 sampling station. Detected Pb concentrations in muscle were 2.5 times higher than maximum allowable amounts (MAA) in fish and fish products while in gills and liver – 1.7 times higher. Detected Zn concentrations in gills were 1.2 times higher than MAA. Correlation analysis showed a statistically significant negative correlation between Pb and Zn concentration in the tissues of fish and distance to the landfill. Sąvartyno filtrate esantys sunkieji metalai (SM) – pavojingiausi teršalai, nes yra stabilūs, ilgai nesuyra, todėl migruoja ekosistemose ir kaupiasi organizmuose. Žuvys pasižymi geromis sunkiųjų metalų akumuliacinėmis savybėmis, šie jų organizme sugeba išlikti ilgam. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti švino (Pb) ir cinko (Zn) kaupimąsi plėšriųjų ir bentofaginių žuvų, gyvenančių vandens ekosistemose šalia Šiaulių regiono Kairių sąvartyno (Švedės upelyje ir Ginkūnų tvenkinyje), audiniuose. SM kiekis žuvų audiniuose nustatytas atominės absorbcijos spektrofotometriniu būdu. Tirtų žuvų audiniuose Pb koncentracijos svyravo nuo 0,725 iki 0,173 mg/kg ž. m., o Zn nuo 92,758 iki 5,984 mg/kg ž. m. Kiekybiškai Pb bentofaginių ir plėšriųjų žuvų audiniuose kaupiasi tokia seka: raumenys > žiaunos > kepenys, o Zn žuvų audiniuose akumuliuojasi tokia tvarka: žiaunos > kepenys > raumenys. Daugiausiai Pb buvo aptikta 1-os stoties bentofaginių ir plėšriųjų žuvų raumenyse bei 0-ės stoties bentofaginių žuvų raumenyse (vidutiniškai 0,713 mg/kg ž. m.), o mažiausiai 6-os stoties bentofaginių žuvų žiaunose (0,173 mg/kg ž. m.). Didžiausias Zn kiekis nustatytas 1-os st. bentofaginių žuvų žiaunose ir 0-ės stoties plėšriųjų žuvų žiaunose (vidutiniškai 92,475 mg/kg ž. m.), o mažiausias Zn kiekis nustatytas 4-os stoties bentofaginių ir plėšriųjų žuvų raumenyse. Pb kiekis raumenyse vidutiniškai 2,5 karto viršijo didžiausią leidžiamąją koncentraciją (DLK) žuvyse ir žuvies produktuose, o žiaunose ir kepenyse – 1,7 karto. Žuvų žiaunose nustatyta Zn koncentracija vidutiniškai 1,2 karto viršijo DLK. Atlikus koreliacinę analizę nustatytas statistiškai patikimas neigiamas ryšys tarp Pb ir Zn kiekio žuvų audiniuose ir atstumo iki Kairių sąvartyno.

scholarly journals Potfrigator Technology : Preservatives Equipment Low Energy For Fish and Reducing Hazardous Heavy Metals Based Photocatalytic Co Doped ZnO and Cooling Dynamic System

KnE Energy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Alfin Darari ◽  
Mukholit . ◽  
Arif Sony Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Homogeneous Solution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
Co Doped

<p>Pollution is caused by dangerous heavy metal such as Pb, Cu and Zn are toxic in the body tissues of organisms such as fish in high concentrations, it will be harmful to human health The purpose is to create an eco-friendly fish preservative tool with cooling system of thermodynamics and photocatalytic Co doped ZnO nanoparticles. this device can reach temperature 15 oC. Then to reduce dangerous heavy metals and kill bacteria used principle of photocatalytic Co doped ZnO nanoparticles. Co doped ZnO synthesized by sol-gel method. Then proceeded to spray coating and drying with furnace. The result is a purple clear homogeneous solution. From the analysis of the obtained bandgap Co doped ZnO about 2.28 eV and from SEM generated that average particle size Co doped ZnO is 60 nm. From the result of Co doped ZnO can be initiated by visible light and may have antibacterial activity so that this material can be made as a tool to prevent the growth of microorganisms only using regular light </p><p><strong>Key words</strong> : Eco-friendly fish preservative tools; less energy based on cooling dynamic; Nano Co Doped ZnO. <br /><br /></p>

Efektivitas Aroma Terapi Lemon untuk Menangani Emesis Gravidarum

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-284
Author(s):  
Vitrianingsih Vitrianingsih ◽  
Sitti Khadijah
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
P Value ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Paired T Test

Studi memperkirakan emesis gravidarum terjadi pada 50-90% kehamilan. Mual muntah pada kehamilan memberikan dampak yang signifikan bagi tubuh dimana ibu menjadi lemah, pucat dan cairan tubuh berkurang sehingga darah menjadi kental (hemokonsentrasi). Keadaan ini dapat memperlambat peredaran darah dan berakibat pada kurangnya suplay oksigen serta makanan ke jaringan sehingga dapat membahayakan kesehatan ibu dan janin. Salah satu terapi yang aman dan dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi keluahan mual muntah pada ibu hamil adalah pemberian aromaterapi lemon. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas aroma terapi lemon untuk menangani emesis gravidarum. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan Quasi experiment  dengan  one group pre-post test design. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu hamil yang mengalami emesis gravidarum di Kecamatan Berbah, Sleman. Jumlah sampel 20 ibu hamil trimester pertama yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengukuran mual muntah dilakukan debelum dan setelah  pemberian aromaterapi lemon menggunakan Indeks Rhodes. Analisa data menggunakan uji Paired t-test. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata skor mual muntah sebelum pemberian aromaterapi lemon berdasarkan Indeks Rhodes pada Ibu Hamil dengan emesis gravidarum yaitu 22,1 dan terjadi penurunan skor setelah pemberian aromaterapi lemon menjadi 19,8. Ada pengaruh pemberian aromaterapi lemon dengan pengurangan mual muntah pada ibu hamil (p-value = 0.017). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan pemberian aromaterapi lemon efektif untuk mengurangi emesis gravidarum pada ibu hamil trimester pertama.  Kata kunci: aromaterapi lemon, emesis gravidarum THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEMON AROMATHERAPY FOR HANDLING EMESIS GRAVIDARUM   ABSTRACT Studies estimate that nausea and vomiting (emesis gravidarum) occur in 50 – 90% of pregnancies. Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy have a significant impact on the body in which it makes a mother becomes weak, pale, and decreasing body fluid so that the blood becomes thick (hemoconcentration). This situation can slow down blood circulation and inflict the lack of oxygen and food supplies to the body tissues so that it can endanger the health of the mother and fetus. One of the therapies that is safe and can be conducted to reduce nausea and vomiting of pregnancy is by giving the lemon aromatherapy treatment. The research aims to determine the effectiveness of the aroma of lemon therapy to deal with emesis gravidarum. This study applied quasi-experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. The population of this study was pregnant women who experienced emesis gravidarum. Furthermore, samples were 20 mothers from Berbah, Sleman taken by using a purposive sampling technique. Nausea and vomiting were assessed between before and after giving lemon aromatherapy using the Rhodes Index. The data were analyzed using the paired t-test. The mean score of nausea and vomiting before giving lemon aromatherapy on mother with emesis gravidarum based on the Rhodes Index was 22.1. However, it decreased after given lemon aromatherapy treatment to 19.8. Therefore, there was an effect on giving lemon aromatherapy treatment toward the decrease of nausea and vomiting for pregnant women (p-value = 0.017). Lemon aromatherapy is effective to reduce emesis gravidarum.  Keywords: lemon aromatherapy, emesis gravidarum

The influence of osteopathic correction on the rate of various rhythms of the body

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Chernikova ◽  
Yu. P. Potekhina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Introduction. An osteopathic examination determines the rate, the amplitude and the strength of the main rhythms (cardiac, respiratory and cranial). However, there are relatively few studies in the available literature dedicated to the influence of osteopathic correction (OC) on the characteristics of these rhythms.Goal of research — to study the influence of OC on the rate characteristics of various rhythms of the human body.Materials and methods. 88 adult osteopathic patients aged from 18 to 81 years were examined, among them 30 men and 58 women. All patients received general osteopathic examination. The rate of the cranial rhythm (RCR), respiratory rate (RR) heart rate (HR), the mobility of the nervous processes (MNP) and the connective tissue mobility (CTM) were assessed before and after the OC session.Results. Since age varied greatly in the examined group, a correlation analysis of age-related changes of the assessed rhythms was carried out. Only the CTM correlated with age (r=–0,28; p<0,05) in a statistically significant way. The rank dispersion analysis of Kruskal–Wallis also showed statistically significant difference in this indicator in different age groups (p=0,043). With the increase of years, the CTM decreases gradually. After the OC, the CTM, increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001). The RCR varied from 5 to 12 cycles/min in the examined group, which corresponded to the norm. After the OC, the RCR has increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001), the MNP has also increased (p<0,0001). The initial heart rate in the subjects varied from 56 to 94 beats/min, and in 15 % it exceeded the norm. After the OC the heart rate corresponded to the norm in all patients. The heart rate and the respiratory rate significantly decreased after the OC (р<0,0001).Conclusion. The described biorhythm changes after the OC session may be indicative of the improvement of the nervous regulation, of the normalization of the autonomic balance, of the improvement of the biomechanical properties of body tissues and of the increase of their mobility. The assessed parameters can be measured quickly without any additional equipment and can be used in order to study the results of the OC.

Polymorphism of p-450 cytochrome detoxication genes in adolescents depending on the degree of contamination of the organism by heavy metals

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-482
Author(s):  
N. P. Setko ◽  
A. G. Setko ◽  
Ekaterina V. Bulycheva ◽  
A. V. Tyurin ◽  
E. Yu. Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Cyp2b6 Gene ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Gene Cyp1a1 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction. Changes in the body of children and adolescents aimed at adapting to environmental factors are determined by genetic polymorphism in xenobiotic biotransformation genes, determining the degree of susceptibility of the child’s body to pollutants, which is the basis of modern personalized preventive medicine when managing risks to the health of the child population under the influence of environmental factors. Material and methods. Trace elements, including heavy metals, lead and cadmium, were determined in the hair of 256 practically healthy teenagers by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Depending on the level of content of the latter, two groups of adolescents were formed to determine six genes of the cytochrome P-450 family. Group 1 consisted of adolescents whose cadmium lead content exceeded the average Russian indices. The second group included adolescents whose heavy metals were above the level of average Russian standards. Results. Studies have shown that in adolescents of the 1st group, compared with the data of adolescents of the 2nd group, an increase in the number of carriers of two mutant alleles at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) is 3.08 times, rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1) is 1. 8 times; locus rs 2069522 (CYP1A2 gene) 3.63 times; locus rs 1799853 (CYP2C9 * 2 gene) 4.5 times; locus rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) 3.8 times and locus rs 2279343 (gene CYP2B6) 4.25 times. Moreover, carriers of two normal alleles in adolescents of the first group at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) were 5.14 times; locus rs 2279343 (CYP2B6 gene) was 6.5 fold less than among adolescents of the 2nd group; and at the locus rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1), rs 2069522 (gene CYP1A2), rs 1799853 (gene CYP2C9 * 2), rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) there were no carriers of normal homozygotes. Conclusion. Group 1 adolescents with heavy metal contamination of the body are carriers significantly in a greater number of pathological mutations in the genes of the cytochrome P-450 detoxification system in comparison with data from group 2 adolescents.

Determination of Some Heavy Metals in Milk of Cow Grazing At Selected Areas, of Kaduna Metropolis

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmud Mohammed Imam ◽  
Zahra Muhammad ◽  
Amina Zakari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Scientific Model ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Digestion Technique

In this research work the concentration of zinc, copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, and nickel in cow milk samples obtained from four different grazing areas   (kakuri, kudendan, malali, kawo) of Kaduna metropolis. The samples were digested by wet digestion technique .The trace element were determined using bulk scientific model VPG 210 model  Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).. The concentration of the determined heavy metal were The result revealed that Cr,  Ni and Cd were not detected in milk samples from Kawo, Malali  and Kudendan whereas lead (Pb) is detected in all samples and found to be above  the stipulated limits of recommended dietary allowance (NRC,1989) given as 0.02mg/day. Cu and Zn are essential elements needed by the body for proper metabolism and as such their deficiency or excess is very dangerous for human health. However, they were found in all samples and are within the recommended limits while Cd (2.13 – 3.15 mg/kg) in milk samples from Kakuri was found to be above such limit (0.5mg/day). Cow milk samples analyzed for heavy metals in this research work pose a threat of lead and cadmium toxicity due to their exposure to direct sources of air, water and plants in these grazing areas, thereby, resulting to a potential health risk to the consumers.

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTIFICIAL RICE WITH SEAWEED Eucheuma cottonii ADDITION AS A DIETARY FIBER SOURCE

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Prodiana Setiawati ◽  
Joko Santoso ◽  
Sri Purwaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Starch Digestibility ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Extrusion Technology ◽  
Eucheuma Cottonii

The utilization of local food commodities such as corn and cassava with seaweed addition as a dietary fiber source for producing artificial rice through extrusion technology is an  alternative for food diversification. The research was carried out to find out the best composition (rice, corn, cassava, and seaweed) and temperature of extrusion process on making artificial rice and the influence of dietary fibre on sensory properties and physicochemical. The composition of rice, corn, and cassava in proportion  of 1:3:1 with 20% seaweed, Eucheuma cottonii, addition and temperature extruder of 90 °C were selected as the best product for artificial rice. The  sensory evaluation was 8.02±0.21 (people’s preference). In physicochemical properties, dietary fiber significantly affected on low bulk density and starch digestibility. This condition is very good for health especially in maintaining the stability of blood glucose in the body. Keywords: artificial rice, composition, extrusion, seaweed, dietary fibre, temperature

Substantiation the machine with a basket for the application of mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials with the upper arrangement of the feeding device

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Fesenko, H.
Keyword(s):  
Fat Body ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Analytical Mechanics ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stable Flow

Purpose. Increasing the uniformity of distribution of mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials due to the stability of their feed from the body to the spreading working bodies using the top feeder. Methods. The following methods are used to achieve this aim: the method of comparing the differences between individual groups of fertilizers, the method of analyzing the properties of a new technical system, the method of functional inventiveness, and the methods of theoretical and analytical mechanics. Results. The traction body of the conveyor of the upper feed of the body fat body machine for mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials was substantiated and the relationship between the height of its scrapers and the distance between them was established, as well as the nature of the mineral fertilizer pressure on the curvilinear wall of the body. In addition, the design of the advanced body fertilizer spreader is justified, which ensures a stable flow of fertilizers from the body due to the improvement of the top feeder. Conclusions. Because of the conducted researches, the advantages of machines equipped with top feeder are found. They create the conditions for the forced feeding mineral fertilizers and other loose materials from the container to the distribution bodies, which is a prerequisite for their evenness on the surface. With this, the imperfection of known machines with the top feeder constrains their introduction into agricultural production. On this account, a more thoroughly constructed solution of the body feeder of the top feed is substantiated, in which the conveyor provides a stable supply of fertilizers from the body with reduced energy consumption during operation. Keywords: analysis, feed, upper device, conveyor, stability, fertilizers, flow ability, body.

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